Transcript cells - Cobb Learning

Mind Stretcher – Copy Both
1. Which is larger: prokaryotic or eukaryotic
cells?
2. What type of cells make up the human
body? (Eukaryotic or Prokaryotic)
Eukaryotic
Directions
• Get out your organizer from Friday
• Complete the back using pages 68 & 69 in
the textbook
• Fill out the Venn Diagram…you don’t have
to use “inside” and “organization” if you
don’t want to…create your own ideas in
the circles!
cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Standard S7L2b:
Relate cells structures
(cell membranes,
nucleus, cytoplasm,
chloroplasts,
mitochondria) to basic
cell functions
Did You Know?
• We are made up of microscopic living
things called: CELLS
• There are Approximately 100
TRILLION cells in the Human Body.
100
Trillion
The Parts
• Cells are made up of different parts called
organelles.
• Each part has a specific function!
• The Organelles:
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Nucleus
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosomes
Golgi Bodies (Apparatus)
Vacuoles
Lysosomes
Cell Membrane
Cell Wall
Chloroplast
Cell Membrane
• Function- To protect the cell and allow
things IN and OUT.
• Analogy- A Cell Membrane is like a
FENCE.
• Found- Animal & Plant Cells
Cytoplasm
• Function- Gel-like fluid found all throughout
the cell; All other organelles are suspended
(floating) in it.
• Analogy- The Cytoplasm is like Jell-O,
constantly moving & swishing around
• Found- Plant & Animal Cells
The Nucleus
• Function- DNA (our genes) is found
here. It directs the cell’s activities and
houses the nucleolus.
(Tells all the other parts what to do! )
• Analogy- Acts like the Brain
• Found- Animal & Plant Cells
Nucleolus
• Found INSIDE the Nucleus!
Mitochondria
• Function- Performs respiration which
breaks down sugar to produce energy!
(In the form of ATP)
• Analogy- “Power plant” of the Cell
• Found- Animal & Plant Cells
Where is Mitochondria??
Ribosomes
• Function- Makes protein out of amino
acid. All cells need protein to function!
• Analogy- Ribosomes are like a Protein
Factory
• Found- Animal & Plant Cells
Where are Ribosomes?
Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Function- Carry proteins and other cell
materials from one part of cell to another.
• Two Types- Smooth ER and Rough ER
– Rough E.R. has Ribosomes
– Smooth E.R. does NOT have Ribosomes!
• Analogy- Like Roadways/Highways
• Found- Animal & Plant Cells
Where is the
Endoplasmic Reticulum:
• Rough E.R.?
• Smooth E.R?
Golgi Bodies/Golgi Apparatus
:
• Function- Recieves Proteins (mail) from the E.R.,
Packages them (puts it in envelope) then
Distributes them to other parts of cell (Mailman)
• Analogy- Like Post office
• Found- Plant & Animal Cells
Where are Golgi Bodies???
Vacuoles
• Function- Stores food and water;
– Largest are found in plant cells and smallest in
animal cells.
• Analogy- Like a Storage Container
• Found- Plant & Animal Cells
Where is the Vacuole?
Some Animal Cells have
Vacuoles while Others Don’t!!
Lysosomes
• Function- Break down old cell parts &
release them for recycling
• Analogy- Like the Janitors of the Cell
• Found- Plant & Animal Cells
Recap:
• Plant and Animal Cells are made of parts called
ORGANELLES.
• Each Organelle has a Function/Job:
Cytoplasm
• Surrounds and Constantly Moves Organelles
Nucleus
• Brain
Mitochondria
• Powerplant
Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Roadways
Ribosomes
• Protein Factories
Golgi Bodies
• Post Office
Vacuoles
• Food Storage Containers
Lysosomes
• Janitors
But Wait…There’s More!
A plant cell has two more
organelles that animal cells don’t!
Chloroplast
• Function- Makes food for the cell through
Photosynthesis
– Chlorophyll is a green pigment inside the
chloroplast that traps the sunlight needed and
gives plants their green color.
• Analogy- Like a Restaurant/Chef
• Found- Plant Cells
Cell Wall
• Function- Rigid, cellulose structure that
gives support to a cell.
– Although made of different materials algae,
fungi, bacteria, and archaea also have cell
walls.
• Analogy- Like a brick wall surrounding a
building!
• Found- Plant Cells