Transcript Basic Biology Week 2

Weekly Announcements
• Quiz Wednesday on Chapter 2
9/23/13 Do Now
• Describe Homeostasis in your own words
9/23/13 Agenda
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Do Now
Review HW that is due today
Finish Notebook Checks
Review and Hand Back Labs
HW: Prepare for tomorrow’s competition
review of chapter 2. (pairs compete)
Reminder of Cell Theory
• All living things are made up of cells.
• Cells are the smallest working units of all
living things.
• All cells come from pre-existing cells
through cell division.
• Question: Who discovered the cell?
So What’s a Cell?
•A cell is the smallest unit that is
capable of performing life
functions.
•A cell is the basic unit of life.
9/24/13 Do Now
Clear your desks of all materials and
prepare for review competition!
HW: Study for Chapter 2 Quiz
9/25/13 Do Now
• Clear your desks after writing down your
homework. Today is the Chapter 2 Quiz!
• HW: Read pages 33-34 and answer
“Check Your Understanding” on page 35
Chapter 3: Questions We Will
Answer
1. What are some things cells do to achieve
homeostasis?
2. Are all cells the same? (Explain)
3. Cells have certain “parts” or organelles
that function within the cell to allow it to
perform its duties and maintain
homeostasis. What do you think has to
be done inside of a cell to maintain
homeostasis?
9/26/13 Do Now
• Who discovered the cell? What was his
experiment and what did he see?
• HW: Read pages 36-37
Cell Structure
& Function
http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html
Examples of Cells
Amoeba Proteus
Plant Stem
Bacteria
Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell
Two Types of Cells
•Prokaryotic- primitive,
disorganized
•Eukaryotic- organized,
complicated
Prokaryotic
• Do not have
structures
surrounded by
membranes
• Few internal
structures
• One-celled
organisms,
Bacteria
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html
Eukaryotic
• Contain organelles surrounded by membranes
• Most living organisms
Plant
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html
Animal
“Typical” Animal Cell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif
Cell Parts
Organelles
Cell Membrane
• Outer membrane of cell
that controls movement
in and out of the cell
• Double layer
• Phospho-lipid bi-layer
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Cytoplasm
• Gel-like mixture
• Surrounded by cell membrane
• Contains hereditary material
Nuclear Membrane
• Surrounds nucleus
• Made of two layers
• Openings allow
material to enter and
leave nucleus (RNA)
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Nucleus
• Controls cell activities- brain of the cell
• Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear
membrane
• Contains genetic material - DNA
Nucleolus
• Inside nucleus
• Contains RNA to build
proteins
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Chromosomes
• Found in nucleus
• Made of DNA
• Contain instructions
for traits &
characteristics
(blueprint)
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Mitochondria
• Produces energy through
chemical reactions –
breaking down fats &
carbohydrates
• Controls level of water and
other materials in cell
• Recycles and decomposes
proteins, fats, and
carbohydrates
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Vacuoles
• Membrane-bound
sacs for storage,
digestion, and waste
removal
• Contains water
solution
• Help plants maintain
shape
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
9/27/13 Do Now
• What do the vacuoles do in the cell?
• HW: Read pages 38-40 and complete the
questions in “Check Your Understanding”
at the bottom of page 39.
Ribosomes
• Each cell contains
thousands
• Make proteins
• Found on ribosomes
& floating throughout
the cell
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Moves materials around
in cell
• Smooth type: lacks
ribosomes
• Rough type (pictured):
ribosomes embedded in
surface
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Golgi Bodies
• Protein 'packaging
plant'
• Move materials within
the cell
• Move materials out of
the cell
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Lysosome
• Breaks down proteins,
fats, and carbohydrates
• Transports and
breaksdown undigested
material to cell
membrane for removal
• Cell breaks down if
lysosome explodes
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Plant Cells are Somewhat
Different…
List some things you might think are
different about plant cells
“Typical” Plant Cell
http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif
Chloroplast
• Usually found in plant
cells
• Contains green
chlorophyll
• Where
photosynthesis takes
place
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html
Cell Wall
• Most commonly found
in plant cells &
bacteria
• Supports & protects
cells
• Made of cellulose
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html