Transcript 幻灯片 1 - Landscape ecology

亚热带常绿阔叶林结构对气候变化及其
区域水文效应的趋势性响应
周 国 逸
中国科学院华南植物园
2013年6月9-15日
一、气候变化及区域水文效应
b
a
25
c
y = 0.026x - 34.6, R2 = 0.32
n = 56, P < 0.0001
y = 0.011x + 5.6, R2 = 0.23
n = 56, P = 0.0002
20
y = 0.019x - 14.5, R2 = 0.46
n = 56, P < 0.0001
15
Rainfall (mm)
2500
d
e
f
2000
1500
1000
500
0
Days without rain
250
g
i
h
y = 0.53x - 925.4
R2 = 0.23, n = 30
P = 0.0052
200
150
y = 0.74x - 1271.7
R2 = 0.23, n = 30
P = 0.004
100
中国亚热带区域
50
Days of light rain
(< 10 mm/d)
150
l
k
j
y = -0.41x + 862.7
R2 = 0.24, n = 30
P = 0.0061
100
50
y = -0.64x + 1380.6
R2 = 0.29, n = 30
P = 0.0024
0
Heavy rain (50-100 mm/d)
percentage of annual rainfall
气
温
及
降
水
格
局
变
化
Temperature (oC)
30
45
m
n
y = 0.35x - 672.9
R2 = 0.16, n = 30
P = 0.0030
o
y = 0.55x - 1088.5
R2 = 0.31, n = 30
P = 0.0014
y = -0.21x + 415.6
R2 = 0.17, n = 30
P = 0.025
30
15
0
1950
1970
1990
2010
1950
Annual
1970
1990
Dry season
1954 - 2009
1954 - 1979
2010
1950
1970
1990
Wet season
1980 - 2009
2010
鼎湖山地区
Simulation
Observation
200
-10
150
-20
-40
-100
-200
-400
100
Soil water potential (KPa)
Soil moisture in top 50cm layer (mm)
0
a
-1000
50
1980/Jan
1990/Jan
2000/Jan
2010/Jan
Underground water table depth (m)
0
b
Simulation
Observation
-1
-2
中国亚热带区域
-3
1999/Jan
2001/Jan
3
2003/Jan
2005/Jan
0.5
0.0
c2
0.5
0.4
2.0
c3
-1
TTDS (m s )
-1
鼎湖山地区
0.10
c4
1.5
3
3
2009/Jan
0.3
0.15
0.05
0.00
2000/Jan
2007/Jan
0.6
c1
RASAP
Simulation
Observation
-1
Streamflow (m s )
1.0
MSDLL (m s )
土
壤
水
分
与
产
水
量
250
1.0
0.5
0.0
2005/Jan
2010/Jan
2000
2003
2006
2009
二、亚热带常绿阔叶林成熟林
结构的趋势性变化
(一) 季风常绿阔叶林
Figure 1 The relationship between the average DBH growth rate and DBH
or the age of individuals (季风常绿阔叶林)
Figure 2 Age composition and temporal trends of different age groups.
(a) Age composition and (b) temporal trends of different age groups
Figure 3 Changes in community parameters for individuals in the four DBH classes: (a)
biomass; (b) number of individuals; (c) recruitment (above zero line) and mortality
(below zero line) rates; (d) diameter growth rate. In (d), the slopes of the lines are 0.043,
0.041, -0.074, and -0.10 mm yr-2 for 1≤ DBH ≤ 5 cm, 5 < DBH ≤ 10 cm, 10 < DBH ≤ 20
cm, and DBH > 20 cm, respectively. ↓, significant decrease; ↑, significant increase
Figure 4 Trends in mean DBH (D) for individuals in the four DBH
classes and for the community as a whole: (a) simple arithmetic
average; (b) DBH square-weighted average
Figure 5 Changes in community parameters for the four functional groups: (a) biomass;
(b) number of individuals; (c) recruitment (above zero line) and mortality (below zero
line) rates; (d) diameter growth rate. ↓, significant decrease; ↑, significant increase. S,
shrub; ST, short tree; IT, intermediate tree; TT, tall tree
Fig. 7 Changes in the number of living, recruited, and disappeared species from 1978 to 2010
Figure 6 Changes in the number of living, recruited and
disappeared species from 1978 to 2010
(二) 亚热带常绿阔叶林
Figure 7 Spatial distribution of the 5 field stations and
associated 14 permanently protected plots across China’s TEBF
Figure 8 Temporal trends of individual quantities in different DBH classes,
functional groups and the total of the 14 permanently protected plots during
1978-2012. For comparison, all original data (n=81 in 14 plots) were
standardized to the presented data with the average and standard deviation in
each plot being zero and one, respectively
Figure 9 Compound temporal trends for the species quantities of different
functional groups and the total of the 14 permanently protected plots during
1978-2012. For comparison, all original data (n=81 in 14 plots) were
standardized to the presented data with the average and standard
deviation in each plot being zero and one, respectively
Figure 10 Compound
temporal trends for
averaged individual DBH
sizes in various DBH
classes and all individuals
of the 14 permanently
protected plots during
1978-2012. Left column:
arithmetic mean of DBH;
Right column: square root
of arithmetic mean of
DBH2. For comparison,
all original data (n=81 in
14 plots) were
standardized to the
presented data with the
average and standard
deviation in each plot
being zero and one,
respectively
(三) 第一层次机理
Figure 11 Changes in the sap flow ratio as a function of DBH for (a) the ratio of
mean sap flow from 11:00 to 15:00 to sap flow during the rest of the daylight
hours (07:00 to 11:00 and 15:00 to 19:00); (b) the ratio of mean sap flow during
the dry season to mean sap flow during the wet season
谢谢！