Transcript Cells

Bellwork 11/2/15
1.What is a cell?
A cell is the basic unit (building
block) of an organism.
2. What is the largest known
cell?
The largest know cell is the
ostrich egg.
On Desk:
-Planner
-Pen/Pencil
-IAN
Cell Theory
Update your Table on contents
Materials:
-scissors
-glue stick
-Highlighter
History of the Cell
• The Cell
–The basic unit of an organism
–The discovery of the cell was
made possible by the invention
of the microscope.
Glue in your scientists!
Anton van
Leeuwenhoek
Robert Hooke
Microscopes and Cells
• 1600’s- Anton van
Leeuwenhoek first
described living
cells as seen
through a simple
microscope.
Microscopes and Cells
–Robert Hooke used the first
compound microscope to view thinly
sliced cork cells.
• Compound scopes
use a series of lenses
to magnify in steps.
• Hooke was the first
to use the term “cell”.
Microscopes and Cells
• 1830’s - Mathias Schleiden
identified the first plant cells and
concluded that all plants are made
of cells.
- Thomas Schwann
made the same
conclusion about
animal cells.
Cell Theory- Foldable
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KuJqqiATlqw
Jot down some
notes about
Cell Theory on
the back of
your foldable
as you listen
Bellwork 11/3/15
1. What discovery is Robert Hooke
responsible for?
Robert Hooke observed empty
spaces in a slice of cork and called
them “cells”.
2. Who identified that all animals are
made of cells?
Thomas Schwann concluded that all
animals are made of animal cells.
On Desk:
-Planner
-Pen/Pencil
-IAN
-Glue Stick
-Scissors
Cell Theory
1. All organisms are made up of one or
more cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of organization
of all organisms.
3. All cells come from other cells already in
existence.
Two Basic Cell Types
1. Prokaryote
– Lacks internal
compartments.
– No true nucleus.
– Most are single-celled
(unicellular) organisms.
– Examples: bacteria
Two Basic Cell Types
2. Eukaryote
–Has several internal
structures
(organelles).
–True nucleus.
–Either unicellular or
multicellular.
•unicellular example:
yeast
•multicellular examples:
plants and animals
Microscopes
Lab- Prokaryote or Eukaryote??
Amphiuma- Liver
Gleocapsa
Bacteria (three forms)
Euglena
Scientific Sketching:
-Attention to detail
-Start with the big
stuff and fill in the
details.
-Use a pencil to
sketch lightly,
darken as you fill in
the details.
-Draw your sketch
to scale!
-Draw your sketch
to scale!
-Use the highest
power
Bellwork 11/4/15
1. Draw a picture of
a prokaryote (based
on the definition in
your IAN).
2. Draw a eukaryote
(based on the
definition in your
IAN).
On Desk:
-Planner
-PENCIL
-IAN
-Scissors
Student Feedback Cards
•
•
•
•
•
Red- “I’m Stuck”
Yellow- “Getting it”
Green- “Good to Go”
Blue- “All Done”
Orange’ “YOUR name”
Scientific Sketching:
-Attention to detail
-Start with the big stuff and fill
in the details.
-Use a pencil to sketch lightly,
darken as you fill in the details.
-Draw your sketch to scale!
-Use the highest power
Lab- Prokaryote or Eukaryote??
Amphiuma- Liver
Gleocapsa
Bacteria (three forms)
Euglena
Scientific Sketching:
-Attention to detail
-Start with the big
stuff and fill in the
details.
-Use a pencil to
sketch lightly,
darken as you fill in
the details.
-Draw your sketch
to scale!
-Draw your sketch
to scale!
-Use the highest
power
Bellwork 11/5/15
1. Is Amphiuma a Prokaryote or
eukaryote?
2. Is Gleocapsa a Prokaryote or
eukaryote?
3. Is Bacteria a Prokaryote or
eukaryote?
4. Is Euglena a Prokaryote or
eukaryote?
On Desk:
-Planner
-PENCIL
-IAN
Lab- Prokaryote or Eukaryote??
Amphiuma- Liver
Prokaryote/Eukaryote?
Bacteria (three forms)
Prokaryote/Eukaryote?
Gleocapsa
Prokaryote/Eukaryote?
Euglena
Prokaryote/Eukaryote?
Scientific Sketching:
-Attention to detail
-Start with the big
stuff and fill in the
details.
-Use a pencil to
sketch lightly,
darken as you fill in
the details.
-Draw your sketch
to scale!
-Use the highest
power
Levels of Organization
https://www-brainpopcom.sled.idm.oclc.org/science/cellularlifeandgenetics/cells/
Did you know that you have 75 trillion cells
that make up your body?! (that is thousands of
times more than the number of people on the
planet!)
5 Levels of Organization
Cells
Tissues
Organs
Organ Systems
Organism
Organism
• A living system that
has several organ
systems that function
together.
• Examples: Animals,
plants, and bacteria
Organ System
• A group of organs that
carries out more
generalized set of
functions.
• Examples: digestive
system and circulatory
system.
Organ
• Organs are two or
more types of tissues
that work together to
complete a specific
task.
• Examples: heart or
stomach.
Tissue
• Groups of cells with
similar functions.
• Examples: Connective
(bone, blood) and muscle
tissue.
Cells
• The smallest unit of
life. Cells preform
specific functions.
• Example: muscle
cell or skin cell
Levels of Organization Foldable
Small
Large
Bellwork 11/6/15
1. What is the definition of a tissue?
A tissue is a group of cells, found
within an organism, that share similar
functions.
2. What is the definition of an organ
system?
An organ system is a group of organs
that carries out more generalized set of
functions.
3. What organism are you going to use
in your foldable?
On Desk:
-Planner
-PENCIL
-IAN
-PED
-Colored
Pencils
Levels of Organization Foldable
Small
Large
Bellwork 11/9/15
1. What is the difference between a
prokaryote and a eukaryote?
Prokaryotes lack internal structure
whereas eukaryotes have several
organelles.
2. What type of cells make up plants?
Eukaryotic Cells
3. What type of cells make up animals?
Eukaryotic Cells
4. What type of cells make up bacteria?
Prokaryotic Cells
On Desk:
-Planner
-Pen/Pencil
-IAN
Cell Organelles-Eukaryotic Cells
Cell Parts
• Cells – the basic unit
of life
• Organelles - small
structures inside a
cell with specific
functions.
Analogy – City of Palmer
A) Cell Membrane/Plasma
Membrane
Cell
membrane
1. Function: Regulates materials entering and
exiting the cell.
2. Structure: Two layers of phospholipids, proteins
Analogy – Palmer city limits
B) Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm
1. Function: All cell contents that lie between the cell
membrane and the nucleus. (organelles + cytosol)
a. Cytosol = liquid portion/non-organelles.
2. Structure: made up of fluid and organelles except
for nucleus
Analogy – All air, water, life that are in Palmer, except
City Hall
C) Nucleus
Nucleus
1. Function: “Control Center.” Regulates DNA
& RNA actions.
2. Structure: membrane bound, contains DNA
Analogy – City Hall
D) Nuclear Envelope
Nuclear
Envelope
1. Function: Regulates what enters or exits the
nucleus.
2. Structure: Double Layer of Lipids
Analogy – Walls & Doors of City Hall
E) Nucleolus
Nucleolus
1. Function: Produces RNA, which are used to
make all proteins.
2. Structure: Inside Nucleus, separate from
DNA
Analogy – Mayor Johnson of Palmer
F) DNA – Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA (chromatin)
1. Function: information on how to make
proteins.
a. Chromatin – unorganized DNA (normal state)
b. Chromosomes – organized DNA (present before
cell division
2. Structure: Made up of nucleotides, locked in
the nucleus
Analogy – The Laws or City Code
G) Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough ER
Smooth ER
1. Function: Transportation route for proteins.
a. Rough ER: has ribosomes
b. Smooth ER: no ribosomes
2. Structure: tubes and channels
Analogy – Roads & Sidewalks
H) Ribosomes
Ribosomes
Free
Ribosomes
1. Function: Makes proteins.
2. Structure: small circular organelles
Analogy – Restaurants, Factories, Builders.
I) Vacuoles & Vesicles
Vesicles
1. Function: Storage for water, nutrients or
waste.
2. Structure: small membrane-bound organelle.
Analogy – Grocery stores, water tanks.
J) Lysosomes
Lysosomes
1. Function: packets of enzymes that break
down materials in a cell.
2. Structure: Small membrane-bound
organelles
Analogy – Recycling center
K) Mitochondria
Mitochondria
1. Function: Produces energy for the cell – site
of cellular respiration. “The Powerhouse”
2. Structure: Double membrane-bound, kidney
shaped.
Analogy – Matanuska Electric Association
L) Golgi Apparatus
Golgi
Apparatus
1. Function: Packages, labels and ships
proteins out of the cell.
2. Structure: Pancake-shaped layered
organelle
Analogy – Post Office
M) Cytoskeleton
Microfilaments
Microtubules
1. Function: Provide support and structure for
the cell.
a. Microfilaments
b. Microtubules
2. Structure: Tubules
Analogy – Wood, cement, steel beams
N) Centrioles (Animals Only)
Centrioles
1. Function: microtubules that help divide the
cell during cell division.
• Structure: Tubules
Analogy – Palmer Jr. MS vs. Colony MS
O) Cilia & Flagella
Flagella
Flagella
Cilia
1. Function: provides movement for the cell or
objects moving by the cell.
2. Structure:
a. Flagella – 1 long fiber
b. Cilia – many short fibers
Analogy – Cars or bicycles.
P) Chloroplasts (Plants only)
Chloroplasts
1. Function: site of photosynthesis (converting
sun and CO2 into sugar).
2. Structure: Membrane bound organelles that
contain chlorophyll
Analogy – Solar Panels
Q) Cell Wall (Plant cells only)
Cell Wall
1. Function: Provides support for the cell and
the plant.
2. Structure: Made of cellulose
Analogy – ground, rock wall
Cell Parts Analogy
• Create an analogy (besides the city analogy)
for the cell and its parts
• Possible ideas:
– Stadium
– School
– Country
– Restaurant
– House
– Mall
– Waterpark
Stadium Example:
•
•
•
•
Cell membrane: wall of stadium, gates
Cytoplasm: everything inside the stadium.
Nucleus: the control room for the stadium.
Etc…
Glue into IAN!
• Input- description of organelles
• Output- Your “working” cell
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wRZthGlzEUc
Bellwork 11/10/15
1. What cell analogy are you
creating for your project?
2. What is the cell membrane of
your analogy and how does it
function?
On Desk:
-Planner
-Pen/Pencil
-IAN
-Cell Analogy
Worksheet
Example: Cell Parts Analogy
• Create an analogy (besides the city analogy)
for the cell and its parts
• Possible ideas:
– Stadium
– School
– Country
– Restaurant
– House
– Mall
– Waterpark
Bellwork 11/12/15
1. What is the nucleus of your
analogy and how does it function?
2. What is the mitochondria of
your analogy and how does it
function?
On Desk:
-Planner
-Pen/Pencil
-IAN
-Cell Analogy
Worksheet
Continue Working: Cell Parts Analogy
Bellwork 11/13/15
1. What is the golgi apparatus of
your analogy and how does it
function?
2. What is the endoplasmic
reticulum of your analogy and how
does it function?
On Desk:
-Planner
-Pen/Pencil
-IAN
-Cell Analogy
Worksheet
Continue Working: Cell Parts Analogy
Don’t forget:
-Cell Analogy Worksheet
and Picture
-Label each organelle
and structure on your
picture
-Use color 
28
Bellwork 11/16/15
1.Identify the items on the front desk.
A.
B.
2. Write down some qualitative
observations of object “A”.
(look back through your notes if you forgot what qualitative
observations are  )
On Desk:
-Planner
-Pen/Pencil
-IAN
-Cell Analogy
Worksheet
Naked Eggs Data Table
Tests 11 and 12
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dngsFl2X3nc
Bellwork 11/17/15
1. Write down some qualitative
observations of the egg.
HERE!
On Desk:
-Planner
-Pen/Pencil
-IAN
Naked Eggs Data Table
Bellwork 11/18/15
1. Write down some qualitative
observations of the egg.
HERE!
On Desk:
-Planner
-Pen/Pencil
-IAN
Naked Eggs Data Table
3D Cell Model
• Update Table of Contents
• Due Wednesday the 25th
3D Cell Model
I am making a ______ cell.
Materials: ______________
Bellwork 11/18/15
1. Write down some qualitative
observations of the egg.
HERE!
On Desk:
-Planner
-Pen/Pencil
-IAN
Naked Eggs Data Table
Animal Cell Foldable- color
Animal Cell Foldable- Cut and Glue
Bellwork 11/18/15
1. Write down some qualitative
observations of the egg.
HERE!
On Desk:
-Planner
-Pen/Pencil
-IAN
Naked Eggs Data Table
[email protected]
Let’s finish our
Animal Cell Foldable
1. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
2. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
3. Ribosome
4. Centrioles
5. Cytoplasm
6. Golgi Apparatus
7. Nucleus
8. Cell membrane
9. Cytoskeleton
10.Mitochondria
11.Lysosome
Animal Cell Worksheet
Color and label each organelle
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosome
Centrioles
Cytoplasm
Golgi Apparatus
Nucleus
Cell membrane
Cytoskeleton
Mitochondria
Lysosome
Plant Cell Foldable- Color
Bellwork 11/23/15
1. Name two organelles that
occur in plant cells but not in
animal cells.
The cell wall and
chloroplasts are only found
in animal cells.
2. Grab a plant cell foldable
and start coloring.
On Desk:
-Planner
-Pen/Pencil
-IAN
-Glue
-Scissors
-Colored
Pencils
Plant Cell Foldable- Cut and Glue
1.
2.
3.
4.
Color, cut and glue
Glue into IAN
Label “Purple” Flaps
Check you work (front
table)
5. Work on “Plant Cell”
worksheet (colored
and labeled) HW
Plant Cell Organelles
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Vacuole
Cytoskeleton
Ribosome
Golgi Apparatus
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell Wall
Cell membrane
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Homework: Plant Cell Worksheet
Color and label each organelle
1.
Smooth Endoplasmic
Reticulum
2. Rough Endoplasmic
Reticulum
3. Vacuole
4. Cytoskeleton
5. Ribosome
6. Golgi Apparatus
7. Nucleus
8. Cytoplasm
9. Cell Wall
10. Cell membrane
11. Chloroplast
12. Mitochondria
Bellwork 11/24/15
1. Create a Double Bubble
thinking map to show the
similarities and differences
between plant and animal
cells.
On Desk:
-Planner
-Pen/Pencil
-IAN
- Plant Cell HW
Bellwork Quiz
1.
2.
3.
4.
9/15/15 #1
11/2/15 #2
11/9/15 #1
11/13/15 #2
Use the following format to receive full credit.
Q:_______________________
A:_______________________
Key
1.9/15/15 #1
What are the seven steps of the scientific method?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Choose problem
Research problem
Develop hypothesis
Write procedures
Test hypothesis
Organize data
State conclusions
2.11/2/15 # 2
What is the largest known cell?
The largest know cell is the ostrich egg.
3. 11/9/15 #1
What is the difference between a prokaryote and a eukaryote?
Prokaryotes lack internal structure whereas eukaryotes have several organelles.
4. 11/13/15 #2
What is the endoplasmic reticulum of your analogy and how does it function?
Bellwork 11/25/15
1.Identify each organelle.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E
On Desk:
-Planner
-Pen/Pencil
-IAN
CELL-ebration!
Bellwork 11/30/15
1.Identify each
organelle.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
On Desk:
-Planner
-Pen/Pencil
-IAN
Review Day!!
• Bingo
• Memory
• Target Test 10
Online Resources
• Flash Cardshttps://quizlet.com/3082892/flashcards
• Review Activitieshttp://www.quia.com/jg/65947.html
• Who Wants to be a Millionaire
http://www.quia.com/rr/445859.html
• Jeopardy
https://www.superteachertools.us/jeopardyx/je
opardy-reviewgame.php?gamefile=398503#.VjAJdrerSmU
Plant Cell Model
J-E-L-L-O!!!!!
1. Identify which organelles each candy
at your table represents.
2. Fill in your cell model and color it.
3. Let’s make jello cells!
Jello Cell Model