Transcript Rocks and Minerals

Dana Smith-Heffernan
EDCI 604 Podcasting
Spring 2010
A
mineral is a natural, nonliving,
solid material that has particles in a
repeating pattern.
Luster
Hardness
Cleavage
Streak
Color
Streak
– the color of the powder left
behind when you rub a mineral on a
white porcelain plate
Luster – describes the way light
reflects from the mineral’s surface
Color – the mineral’s color
Cleavage - Breakage of a mineral
along a flat plane of weakness.
 Hardness – the
mineral’s ability to
resist being
scratched.
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Hardness Example
10 diamond
9 corundum (ruby, sapphire)
8 beryl (emerald, aquamarine)
7.5 garnet
6.5-7.5 steel file
7.0 quartz (amethyst, citrine,
agate)
6 feldspar (spectrolite)
5.5-6.5 most glass
5 apatite
4 fluorite
3 calcite, a penny
2.5 fingernail
2 gypsum
1 talc
Jewelry
Coins
Metal
containers
Plaster
Construction materials
Tools
 There
are 3 types of rocks:
• Igneous rock
• Sedimentary rock
• Metamorphic rock
Igneous
rock form when magma
or lava cools and hardens
Examples:
Granite
Pumice
Obsidian
 Sedimentary
rocks are squeezed and
stuck together.
 Examples:
sandstone
limestone
shale
A
metamorphic rock is any rock that is
changed by heat and pressure.
 Examples:
schist
gneiss