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EVOLUTION REVIEW
What is a fossil?
a. Any dead organisms
b. The preserved remains or traces of an
organism
c. A perfect copy of a rock
d. An unusual type of rock
How do most fossils form?
a. Living things die and their remains are
buried by sediments
b. The hard parts of an organism dry out in the
air
c. The soft parts of an organism change to
stone
d. Freezing preserves the remains of an
organism
The fossil record shows that life on Earth
has changed over time. For example,
paleontologists have found that older
rocks contain fossils of
A. Organisms that are more complex than
those alive today
B. Both simple and complex organisms
C. Only organisms that are alive today
D. Organisms that are simpler than those alive
today
Which of the following is an example of the
evolution of communications technology?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Calculators to computers
Mimeograph machines to photocopiers
Fax machines to internet
Slide rule to calculators
The process by which all different kinds of
living things have changed over long
periods of time is called
a.
b.
c.
d.
Sedimentation
Replacement
Deposition
Evolution
A fossil formed when minerals replace all or
part of an organism is called a
a.
b.
c.
d.
Mold
Petrified fossil
Cast
Trace fossil
Which type of fossil can provide clues about
the activities of ancient organisms?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Trace fossils
Remains preserved in amber
Carbon films
Molds and casts
Which of the following is a sudden event that
can change Earth’s surface?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Volcanic eruption
Chemical weathering
Mechanical weathering
Mountain building
The relative age of a rock is
a. Its age compared to the ages of other rocks
b. Less than the age of the fossils in the rock
contains
c. The number of years since the rock formed
d. Its age based on how much carbon-14 the
rock contains
The law of superposition states that, in horizontal
layers of sedimentary rock, each layer is
a. Older than the layer above it and younger than the
layer below it
b. Neither older nor younger than the other layers
c. Younger than the layer above it and older than the
layer below it
d. Always older than any vertical layers
This process happens when rocks break
apart without changing their chemical
composition.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Chemical weathering
Volcanic eruption
Sedimentation
Mechanical weathering
The fossils of organisms that were widely
distributed but only lived during a short
period of time are called
a.
b.
c.
d.
Trace fossils
Petrified fossils
Index fossils
Carbon film fossils
Why are index fossils useful to geologists?
a. They tell the absolute age of the rock in
which they occur
b. They tell the ages of many different rock
layers
c. They tell the age of the rock at one location
only
d. They tell the relative age of the rock in which
they occur
How can satellite imagery best be used
after a hurricane hits the coast?
A. to check nearby lake depths
B. to identify the amount of beach erosion
C. to determine the location of sea
turtles’ nests
D. to map topography inland of the
coastal region
The time it takes for half of the radioactive
atoms in a sample of a radioactive
element to decay is the element’s
a.
b.
c.
d.
Relative age
Potassium-argon date
Absolute age
Half-life
Radioactive dating enables geologists to
determine
A.
B.
C.
D.
The age of the atoms in a rock
The half-life of a fossil organism
The relative ages of rocks
The absolute ages of rocks
In which type of fossil might you find the
remains of an insect preserved with little
or no change?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Trace fossil
Replacement fossil
Mold
Fossil in amber
A layer of marine fossils is discovered in a desert
environment. Which hypothesis best explains the
discovery?
A The area was once covered by water.
B Volcanic activity once occurred in
the area.
C A catastrophic event once
occurred in the area.
D Erosion turned most of the
limestone in the area into sand.
How did Earth change about 2.5 billion
years ago when some organisms began
using photosynthesis to make food?
a. The amount of oxygen in the atmosphere
increased
b. Mass extinction occurred
c. The oceans became larger
d. Rainfall increased
About 260 million years ago, Earth’s
continents moved together to form the
supercontinent called
a.
b.
c.
d.
Antarctica
Cambria
North America
Pangaea