Transcript Document

Exploring
Caves and
Caverns
Back to theme page main
An interactive learning station created by Nate Moore for Ed. 265A
Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks
Self Check
There are four different types of caves:
1. Lava caves are formed by flowing lava. After the
outside crust of lava cools and hardens, the inside
remains free flowing. The result is a hollow tube.
2. Sea caves are formed from the breaking of waves
against a steep cliff or rock wall. As the pressure
against cliffs increases, the ground gives and a cave is
created by massive waves
3. Ice caves result as water freezes inside the walls of
sea caves.
4. Limestone caves are formed underground as rain
passes through limestone after chemical reactions
occur. Rock dissolves under the surface creating an
open chamber or cavern
Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks
Self Check
Cave animals
The little brown bat is
called a trogloxene, or
an animal that
sometimes chooses to
live in caves.
The adult cave
salamander prefers
to live in caves but
can survive outside
of caves. They care
called troglophiles.
Blind crayfish are
called troglobites, or
animals that live only
in caves. They
cannot survive
anywhere else.
Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks
Self Check
Stalagmite
Flowstone
Column
Stalactite
cave rock formations
Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks
Self Check
Stalagmite
*Formed by calcium carbonate deposites from the ground.
Water dripping from above will often form stalagmites
directly underneath on the floors of caves.
This is an example of a
gypsum stalagmite
Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks
Self Check
Stalactite
* Formed by calcium deposits
hanging from the ceiling of
caves as water drips
Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks
Self Check
Column
*Formed when a stalagmite and a
stalactite join
Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks
Self Check
Flowstone
* Flowstone is formations of rock
found in caves that appear to be
water trickling over the walls. They
appear to be smooth but remain solid
rock.
Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks
Self Check
Self Check
Limestone caves are formed by:
A. Lava cooling in the center and creating a hollow
tunnel.
B. Rain reacting with chemicals to form hollow
caverns underground.
C. Waves from the sea crashing upon cliffs.
Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks
Self Check
Great!! Now answer the following:
Animals such as the blind crayfish are a member of this
family because they can not survive conditions outside of
caves:
A. Troglobites
B. Troglophiles
C. Trogloxene
Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks
Self Check
Good job!! Now this one…
True or false:
Stalagmites grow from the ceiling of caves
Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks
Self Check
Excellent!!
To learn more about caves, check out
these references:
Bevan, Finn. Beneath the Earth. Danbury: Children’s Press,
1998.
Bunnell, Dave. Good Earth Graphics. 9/26/02
www.goodearthgraphics.com
Coles, Rick. Caving Canada. Sept. 1995. 10/25/02.
www.cancaver.ca
Erickson, Jon. Craters, Caverns and Canyons. New York: Facts
on File, 1993.
USGS. “Exploring Caves.” 1/29/02. 10/23/02.
http://interactive2.usgs.gov/learningweb/teachers/explorecaves_a
nimals.htm
Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks
Self Check
Bibliography
Bunnell, Dave. Good Earth Graphics. 9/26/02
www.goodearthgraphics.com
Erickson, Jon. Craters, Caverns and Canyons. New
York: Facts
on File, 1993.
USGS. “Exploring Caves.” 1/29/02. 10/23/02.
http://interactive2.usgs.gov/learningweb/tea
chers/explorecaves_animals.htm
Types of Caves Animals Types of Rocks
Self Check