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PROKARYOTES: BINARY FISSION (SPLITTING IN HALF!) MITOSIS: Cell division process which produces two daughter cells NO CHANGE IN GENETIC CONTENT: parent cells and daughter cells are both diploid Organisms use mitosis for GROWTH AND REPAIR INTERPHASE: Cells have two copies of each chromosome (here, one pair of little chromosomes, and one pair of big chromosomes). WATCH CAREFULLY! Nuclear Chromosome envelope Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Centrioles Nucleolus G2, Late interphase Cell checks for complete DNA replication. Nuclear envelope Chromatid Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Condensed replicated chromosome Prophase Chromosomes condense, become visible. Spindle apparatus forms. Spindle fibers Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Metaphase Chromosomes align along equator of cell. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Anaphase Sister chromatids separate to opposite poles of cell. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Telophase Nuclear membranes assemble around two daughter nuclei. Chromosomes decondense. Spindle disappears. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Cytokinesis Division of the cytoplasm into two cells. THIS IS NOT A STAGE, BUT AN EVENT THAT MARKS THE END OF TELOPHASE Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Interphase of daughter cells. Cells resume normal functions or enter another division cycle. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Steps of Mitosis IPMAT Late interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Cell checks for complete DNA replication. Chromosomes align along equator of cell. Sister chromatids separate to opposite poles of cell. Chromosomes condense, become visible. Spindle apparatus forms. Telophase Nuclear membranes assemble around two daughter nuclei. Chromosomes decondense. Spindle disappears. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Early interphase of daughter cells. Cells resume normal functions or enter another division cycle.