Transcript the ion

Ions
Ions
atoms of a given element that
differ in the number of electrons,
…and consequently in overall charge.
Ions
periodic patterns regarding ions
Ions
metal ions
vs.
nonmetal ions
Working with Atomic Notation
A
X
Z
#
Chemical Symbol
Ionic Charge
or
“Oxidation Number”
Working with Atomic Notation
35
17
Cl
-1
Working with Ionic Notation
Cl
-1
Working with Atomic Notation
23
Na
11
+1
Working with Ionic Notation
Na
+1
Ions
• Anion
– Negatively charged ion.
• Cation
– Positively charged ion.
neutral Carbon
6
C
ionic Carbon
Carbon
12.011
# of p+
# of p+
# of no
# of no
# of e-
# of e-
neutral Lithium
3
ionic Lithium
Li
Lithium
6.941
# of p+
# of p+
# of no
# of no
# of e-
# of e-
17
Cl
Chlorine
34.453
Chlorine…the neutral atom
Chlorine…the ion
# of p+
# of p+
# of no
# of no
# of e-
# of e-
11
Na
Sodium
22.990
Sodium…the neutral atom
Sodium…the ion
# of p+
# of p+
# of no
# of no
# of e-
# of e-
Octet Rule
• The octet rule says that atoms tend to
gain, lose or share electrons so as to have
eight electrons in their outer electron
shell.
Transition Metal Ions
Transition Metal Ions are different than
other metal ions.
Yes, they are all positive but…
1) There are no predictable patterns that can
be used to determine their ionic charges
2) A good number of transition metal elements
possess an ability to have more than one
positive ion.
1) There are no predictable patterns that can
be used to determine their ionic charges
1) There are no predictable patterns that can
be used to determine their ionic charges
Mn
+7
Fe +2
Co +2
1) There are no predictable patterns that can
be used to determine their ionic charges
Ag
+1
Cu +2
2) A good number of transition metal
elements possess an ability to have more
than one positive ion.
Fe +2
Fe +3
2) A good number of transition metal
elements possess an ability to have more
than one positive ion.
Al +3
2) A good number of transition metal
elements possess an ability to have more
than one positive ion.
Mn+2
Mn
+3
Mn +4
Mn +5
Mn +7
Working with Ions (practice)
atomic
(ionic)
notation
Ca o
Ca +2
No
N -3
# of p+
# of e-
# of no
Working with more Ions (practice)
name
the ion of
magnesium
the ion of
oxygen
the ion of
fluorine
the ion of
lithium
atomic
(ionic)
notation
# of p+
# of e-
# of no
Review problem
Draw the following ions and (neutral) atoms using the
Octet Rule/Model of the atom. (Valence Shell Only)
a) Ne o
b) Mg +2
c) Na +1
d) N -3
Working with Ions (more practice)
atomic
(ionic)
notation
Ko
K +1
Io
I -1
# of p+
# of e-
# of no
Naming Ions
Predictable Metal Ions, Unpredictable
Transition Metal Ions, and Nonmetal Ions
are named differently
Naming Ions
Naming Ions
Nonmetal Ions
Non Transition Metal Ions
Metal Ions
Transition Metal Ions
Naming Ions
metal ions
keep the atoms elemental name
…add the word ion
vs.
nonmetal ions
keep the atoms elemental root
…drop the ending
…add the suffix –ide.
(using the word ion is redundant and not
acceptable when naming nonmetal ions)
Naming
Transition Metal Ions
-Use the complete elemental name (as
expected).
The
Stock
System
-Use roman numerals to designate the
ionic charge or oxidation number of the
transition metal ion.
-Use the word ion to designate its ionic
nature.
Transition Metal Ions
Fe +2 ____________
Cu +2 ____________
Fe +3 ____________
Mn +5 ____________
Cu +1 ____________
Mn +7 ____________
Naming Review
He _____________
Mg +2 ____________
F -1 _____________
Ni +2 ____________
O -2 _____________
Li +1 ____________