Transcript Elements, Compounds, and Chemical Equations

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106. 5th 6 Weeks Test Review
107. Objectives 2 and 4 Review
108. Punnett Square Practice
109. Objectives 3 and 5 Review
110. 5th 6 Weeks Test
April 24, 2011
Today’s Schedule
Agenda:
1. Comp Book Update
April 24, 2011
Homework: Complete TAKS
booklet
2. Obj 3 and 5 Station Recap
3. Whiteboard Review
4. TAKS Review Booklet
Announcement: TAKS test is
Essential Questions
What do I need to know for the TAKS
test?
Thursday! Come to tutoring
for help finishing TAKS
booklet.
TAKS Review Booklet - PreAP
April 24, 2011
To complete TAKS Review Booklet:
• For each objective include AT LEAST 10
facts.
• Facts may include sentences, formulas,
labeled pictures, diagrams, or definitions.
• The Review Booklet will be a major grade
and is due on Thursday.
Come to tutoring to use the study guide to
find additional facts!
TAKS Review Booklet - GL
April 24, 2011
To complete TAKS Review Booklet:
• For each objective include AT LEAST 5 facts.
• Facts may include sentences, formulas,
labeled pictures, diagrams, or definitions.
• The Review Booklet will be a major grade
and is due on Thursday.
Come to tutoring to use the study guide to
find additional facts!
Elements, Compounds, and
Chemical Equations
Counting Atoms and Balancing
Equations
1. Counting Subatomic Particles:
Use the periodic table
• The atomic number is the same as the number
of protons.
• The number of protons is the same as the
number of electrons.
• The mass number is the protons added to the
neutrons.
Atomic Number = Protons = Electrons (APE)
Mass Number = Protons + Neutrons
Neutrons = Mass Number - Protons
1. Counting Subatomic Particles:
Find the number of protons, neutrons, and
electrons in:
Lithium
Atomic Number = Protons = Electrons (APE)
Mass Number = Protons + Neutrons
Neutrons = Mass Number - Protons
1. Counting Subatomic Particles:
Find the number of protons, neutrons, and
electrons in:
Lithium
Atomic Number = 3
Protons = 3
Neutrons = 4
Electrons = 3
Mass Number = 7
1. Counting Subatomic Particles:
Find the number of protons, neutrons, and
electrons in:
Gold
Atomic Number = Protons = Electrons (APE)
Mass Number = Protons + Neutrons
Neutrons = Mass Number - Protons
1. Counting Subatomic Particles:
Find the number of protons, neutrons, and
electrons in:
Argon
1. Counting Subatomic Particles:
Find the number of protons, neutrons, and
electrons in:
Lead
2. Counting Atoms in Chemical Formulas:
Examine the subscripts and coefficients
• Subscripts describe the number of that type of
atom. They appear after the element symbol,
are small, and written hanging below the
symbol.
• Coefficients describe the number of molecules
present. Coefficients apply to all elements in
the molecule. They are written before the
formula for the molecule and are large.
4H2O
Coefficient:
There are 4
molecules of
water.
Subscript:
There are 2 atoms
of Hydrogen in each
water molecule.
2. Counting Atoms in Chemical Formulas:
Examine the subscripts and coefficients
• Subscripts describe the number of that type of
atom. They appear after the element symbol,
are small, and written hanging below the
symbol.
• Coefficients describe the number of molecules
present. Coefficients apply to all elements in
the molecule. They are written before the
formula for the molecule and are large.
• H2O = 2 hydrogen and 1 Oxygen
2. Counting Atoms in Chemical Formulas:
Examine the subscripts and coefficients
• Subscripts describe the number of that type of
atom. They appear after the element symbol,
are small, and written hanging below the
symbol.
• Coefficients describe the number of molecules
present. Coefficients apply to all elements in
the molecule. They are written before the
formula for the molecule and are large.
• 3H2O = 6 Hydrogen and 3 Oxygen
2. Counting Atoms in Chemical Formulas:
Examine the subscripts and coefficients
Count and Draw the atoms in
the molecule.
NH4
2. Counting Atoms in Chemical Formulas:
Examine the subscripts and coefficients
Count and Draw the atoms in
the molecule.
NH4
N = Nitrogen = 1
H = Hydrogen = 4
2. Counting Atoms in Chemical Formulas:
Examine the subscripts and coefficients
Count and Draw the atoms in
the molecule.
2NH4
2. Counting Atoms in Chemical Formulas:
Examine the subscripts and coefficients
Count and Draw the atoms in
the molecule.
NH4
2. Counting Atoms in Chemical Formulas:
Examine the subscripts and coefficients
Count the atoms present:
C6H12O6
2. Counting Atoms in Chemical Formulas:
Examine the subscripts and coefficients
C6H12O6
Carbon – C – 6
Hydrogen – H – 12
Oxygen – O – 6
2. Counting Atoms in Chemical Formulas:
Examine the subscripts and coefficients
3C6H12O6
2. Counting Atoms in Chemical Formulas:
Examine the subscripts and coefficients
3C6H12O6
Carbon – C – 6 x 3 = 18
Hydrogen – H – 12 x 3 = 36
Oxygen – O – 6 x 3 = 18
2. Counting Atoms in Chemical Formulas:
Examine the subscripts and coefficients
2NaC2H3O2
2. Counting Atoms in Chemical Formulas:
Examine the subscripts and coefficients
2NaC2H3O2
Sodium - Na – 1 x 2 = 2
Carbon – C – 2 x 2 = 4
Hydrogen – H – 3 x 2 = 6
Oxygen – O – 2 x 2 = 4
2. Counting Atoms in Chemical Formulas:
Examine the subscripts and coefficients
KNO3
2. Counting Atoms in Chemical Formulas:
Examine the subscripts and coefficients
4KNO3
3. Balancing Equations:
Count the atoms in the reactants and the products.
• Count the total number of each type of atom on the
reactant (ingredient) side.
• Count the total number of each type of atom in the
product (what you make) side
• If the number of each type of atom matches, the
equation is balanced. If the numbers do not match
the equation is not balanced.
• Equations must be balanced to show that the same
atoms that go into a reaction are the atoms that
come out, THEY ARE JUST REARRANGED to make
new substances.
3. Balancing Equations:
Count the atoms in the reactants and the products.
2Cu + O2  2CuO
Reactants
Element
Copper
Oxygen
Products
3. Balancing Equations:
Count the atoms in the reactants and the products.
2Cu + O2  2CuO
Reactants
Element
Products
2
Copper
2
2
Oxygen
2
The Equation is Balanced!!!
3. Balancing Equations:
Count the atoms in the reactants and the products.
2H2O  3H2 + O2
Reactants
Element
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Products
3. Balancing Equations:
Count the atoms in the reactants and the products.
2H2O  3H2 + O2
Reactants
Element
Products
4
Hydrogen
6
2
Oxygen
2
3. Balancing Equations:
Count the atoms in the reactants and the products.
3Fe + 4H2O  4H2 + Fe3O4
Reactants
Element
Iron
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Products
3. Balancing Equations:
Count the atoms in the reactants and the products.
3Fe + 4H2O  4H2 + Fe3O4
Reactants
Element
Products
3
Iron
3
8
Hydrogen
8
4
Oxygen
4
3. Balancing Equations:
Count the atoms in the reactants and the products.
2Fe2O3 + 3H2  2Fe + 3H2O
Reactants
Element
Iron
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Products
3. Balancing Equations:
Count the atoms in the reactants and the products.
CaCO3  CaO + CO2
Reactants
Element
Calcium
Carbon
Oxygen
Products
3. Balancing Equations:
Count the atoms in the reactants and the products.
2NaCl  2Na + Cl2
Reactants
Element
Products
3. Balancing Equations:
Count the atoms in the reactants and the products.
CH4 + 2O2  CO2 + 2H2O
3. Balancing Equations:
Count the atoms in the reactants and the products.
C5H12 + 6O2  5CO2 + 6H2O
2. Counting Atoms in Chemical Formulas:
Examine the subscripts and coefficients
C6H12O6