Transcript Atomic Theory of Matter

John Dalton’s Atomic Theory of
Matter
Designed Literally To Explain Why
Matter Acts the Way It Does
Atomic Theory of Matter
• John Dalton, an English school teacher from
the early 1800s, came up with the idea
– Gold behaves like gold, because its atoms behave
this way
Atomic Theory of Matter
• 1. Each element is composed of extremely
small particles called atoms.
• 2. All atoms of a given element are identical;
– the atoms of different elements are different and
have different properties (including different
masses).
Atomic Theory of Matter
• 3. Atoms of an element are not changed into
different types of atoms by chemical
reactions;
– atoms are neither created nor destroyed in
chemical reactions.
• 4. Compounds are formed when atoms of
more than one element combine;
– a given compound always has the same relative
number and kind of atoms.
Gold
How Atoms Behave
• Every element has their own UNIQUE atom.
• Each unique atom has its own unique
Characteristics
• This is why some elements are a gas at room
temperature while others are liquids, and still
others are solid
• Every type of atom has its own, unique:
– Mass
-Attractive Forces
-Atomic #
– Melting Point
-Boiling Point
– Freezing & Condensation Point -Flash Point