Transcript CO 2 - Rotary International 2016 Presidential Conference

Water is essential to life!
Water is at the core of
sustainable
development!
* The Future We Want
Outcome Document UN Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio + 20)
Freshwater accounts for only
2.5% of the world’s water
Water availability versus
population*
* The United Nations World Water Development Report, 2003
Water Security Framework*
* ADB, Asian Water Development Outlook 2013
WHO and UNICEF Joint Monitoring
Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation:
- Over last 2 decades, 2.3 B people gained access to
improved drinking water source, of which 1.6 B now have
piped water supply on premises.
BUT
- 748 Million do not have Improved drinking water source
- Estimated 1.8 B people drink water contaminated with E
coli.
World Water Development Report 2015
WHO and UNICEF Joint Monitoring
Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation:
- Over last 2 decades, 1.9 B people gained access to
improved sanitation
BUT
- 2.6 B still do not have Improved sanitation.
- Open defecation still widely practiced.
World Water Development Report 2015
All these challenges
are and will continue
to be aggravated by
climate change.
What’s it all about? Global Fever
(Sources: Climatic Research
Unit of the University of East
Anglia, Hadley Centre of the
UK Meteorological Office,
Data set TaveGL2v, Jones
and Moberg, 2003)
Climate Change
Observed facts, future projections and risks in a warming world
Warming trends of the last century
Prof. Dr. Anders Levermann, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research
Increasing levels of GHGs
in the atmosphere make
for a warmer world leading
to abrupt changes in
climate!
Greenhouse gases
(GHGs) trap heat from
the sun to keep the
Earth warm.
Methane
Carbon Dioxide
CO2
CH4
Nitrous Oxide
NO2
SF6
H2O
Water vapor
HFCs
CO2
N2O CO2
CO2 HFCs
N2O
CO2 CH4
CH4
HFCs
N
O
PFCs
SF6CO2
CH
2
CO2 4 CH4
CO2CO2
SF6CO2
CO2CO
SF6
2
PFCs
The Greenhouse Effect
* Al Gore - TED Talks
The Hottest Year Ever Measured …….
2015
January 2016 was the hottest JANUARY on record
The first time any month has been more than 20 F
above average for that month. *
* Al Gore - TED Talks
.....Leading to more excessive rainfall and stronger typhoons
Climate Change Consequences
• More extreme weather –
longer, more intense droughts,
stronger typhoons, excessive
rainfall
• Rainfall variability –
timing and volume
* Rising Sea Levels - intensify flooding
and increase the salinity of rivers, bays
and groundwater tables.
Climate Change
Impacts on Water
Management
• Reduced rainfall decreases available water supply.
• Excessive rainfall leads to:
- higher turbidity - many treatment plants are unable
to process
- flooding which disrupts treatment and distribution
systems, wash away pipes, etc.
* Strong typhoons damage water systems.
Climate Change Impacts on
Water Management
• Hotter temperatures increases water demand
– Showering and bathing frequency increases
– Water use increases in cooling towers used in
Water
Resource
commercial
buildings
and industrial factories to
Impacts:
remove heat and
humidity
• Changes in water supply
• Hotter temperatures
cause increase in agricultural
• Water quality
irrigation (The
heat sucks
up the
moisture from the
• Increased
competition
for water
soil)
• Hotter temperatures increase evaporative losses on
surface water supplies and reservoirs
CONCLUSION
• Business as usual is NOT AN OPTION!
• Unless action is taken now:
- WATER will be at greater risk!
- the standard of living will suffer far worse
consequences
- poverty will be exacerbated
- there will be more damage to property & lives lost
- decades of growth can be wiped out
CONCLUSION
• Climate change action
will require concerted
effort of governments &
their partners (PRIVATE
SECTOR. NGOs,
communities,
development partners)
to manage and adopt to
a changing & more
invasive environment
SHARED
RESPONSIBILITY
WE MUST PLAN and WORK TOGETHER.
Under the framework of
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
1. Reduce GHG
(Mitigation)
2.
Reduce risk
(Adaptation)
Some Mitigation Measures
to reduce GHG emissions
Energy and Water
Conservation
TOILET
A leaky toilet can send even
more money down the drain.
Check your toilet. Make sure
it doesn’t leak. Test by
putting a few drops of food
color in the tank. If the water
in the bowl gets colored,
you have a leak. Call the
plumber.
SHOWER
Take shorter showers. Even women with
long hair should be able to take a 4-minute
shower. Turn the shower off while you soap
Up and shampoo. Turn it on again to remove
the lather. If you can replace the
showerhead with a modern low flow
showerhead. It’s not expensive and you
may not even the notice the difference,
although you will be using less water.
KITCHEN
.
Re-use vegetable washing water
for watering plants. Wash dishes
in a large container using a
sponge, then rinse in another
container of clean water. Don’t
keep the faucet open with
running water. Wasting water
will cost you money.
facebook.com/besecureph
twitter.com/usaidbesecure
• Get involved in PROTECTING the
watersheds
• GROW MORE indigenous trees - don’t just
plant, take care of seedlings up to 3 years old
Mitigation ALONE is not enough!
Impacts of Climate Change are
affecting us now. We need to
ADAPT to this “NEW NORMAL” to
reduce risk & build resiliency.
Maximize rainwater
harvesting, storage and use
Gawad Kalinga (GK) Fisherman’s
Village, Bayawan City
•
•
•
•
•
•
GK Mapahiusa Village,
Tanjay City
Cistern in GK
Pinagbayanan, Quezon
Under parks in Tokyo
Dual purpose underpass in Kuala Lumpur
Extensive water reservoirs in Singapore
Collection of run-offs in China
6-storey high structure under the Burgos Circle in Taguig City, Phil.
Some Malls, Hotels and industries already collect and use rainwater
Allow rainwater to recharge the aquifer –
don’t pave everything - use pavers
Water Demand Management (WDM)
- making the most of the water that you have
WDM
Any method — whether technical, economic, administrative,
financial or social — that will accomplish one (or more) of the
following five things:
(1) Reduce the QUANTITY (Water efficiency) or QUALITY of water required to
accomplish a specific task.
(2) Adjust the nature of the task or the way it is undertaken so that it can be
accomplished with less water or with lower quality water.
(3) Reduce the loss in quantity or quality of water as it flows from source
through use to disposal.
(4) Shift the timing of use from peak to off-peak periods.
(5) Increase the ability of the water system to continue to serve society
during times when water is in short supply.
WDM
• The use of public policy, laws, rates, measures and
practices to reduce water use for the goal of securing
long-term, reliable, affordable and safe supply of water
for the benefit of society and the environment
• Maintains public health and safety
• Equal importance to supply-side water management
Examples - Policy Level:
- require all new developments to have rainwater harvesting and
storage;
- require developers to use pavers for sidewalks and parking areas;
- strictly regulate groundwater abstraction
- set plumbing standards for water fixtures & require labeling
- set water rates at levels which encourage conservation
Why do we need WDM?
• Population and economic growth add to a growing
demand for water
• Fresh water supplies are limited, seawater
desalination is still very costly
• Over abstraction of ground water and surface
waters supplies can have permanent detrimental
effects
• WDM can greatly mitigate the effects of emergency
water shortages and droughts
Temperature - Adaptation
Sound Practices
More Greening
Green Walls
Temperature - Adaptation
Sound Practices
More Greening
Green Roofs
More Urban Greening
Sea level rise - Adaptation
Sound Practices
• Build as far away from the highest high tide (away
from the shore)
• Increase the ground level of water projects to factor
in likely increase in sea-level
• Relocate high risk facilities (pumping stations, etc)
• Expand natural barriers - mangroves (effective
protection against storm surge)
Water sources
Energy sources
Crops to be planted
Sources of livelihood
• Raise the awareness and understanding
of climate change of people within your
sphere of influence - family, community,
office, companies, church, etc.
• Implement concrete actions at all levels starting with yourself.
We have no choice.
We have to adapt to this more invasive
environment to ensure our very survival!
VOTE EARTH!
Be Part of the
EARTH HOUR +
• Switch off your lights from
8:30pm to 9:30pm on the 3rd
Saturday of March
• Better yet, Go Beyond the
Hour!
Join the Celebration of Earth Day April 22
Be part of the Movement to save Mother
Earth!
Participate in Earth Day activities in your
area or organize one.
AVOID the
UNTHINKABLE!
ADAPT to the
UNAVOIDABLE!