Transcript Marie CCCI pres rotterdam

Cities & Climate Change Initiative
(CCCI)
Marie DARIEL-SCOGNAMILLO, Consultant
30 september 2010
Deltas in Times of Climate Change, Rotterdam International Conference
Overview
• Climate Change and Cities in Africa
• UN HABITAT Strategic Approach to CC /
Cities
• UN HABITAT Cities and Climate Change
Initiative – CCCI
• CCCI Methodology at the city level
• CCCI in Saint Louis
Climate Change & Cities in Africa
•
Fast-growing cities:
– The urban population of Africa is expected to
double from 370 million to over 750 million
between 2007 and 2030*.
– In East Africa, the world's fastest urbanising
region, the urban population will double in
only 9 years*.
– Proliferating unplanned settlements
•
Coastal densification of human land use
– Global movement of population from
hinterland to coasts
– Vulnerable settlements expanding to
lowlands & marshy / flood-prone areas
•
CC risks affect 40% of human settlements in
Africa:
– sea level rise,
– water scarcity,
– Climate variability, extreme weather:
droughts / heavy rainfalls, cyclones…
- Uncertainty of long-term climate forecasts
+ difficult downscaling
*: From UN-HABITAT (2008), State of African Cities 2008, Nairobi and UN-HABITAT (2009) Global
Report on Human Settlements 2009, London, Earthscan
The Impacts of Climate Change
on African Cities / Coastal cities
• Erosion in highly densified areas
w informal settlements;
• Wetlands and tidal flats may be
flooded
• Groundwater is at risk of
increasing salinization,
• Coastal aquifers at risk of
decreasing, affecting fresh water
supply and peri-urban agriculture
• Exacerbated food insecurity due
to lower agricultural production,
• Increase in vector and water
borne disease,
• Overall hotter temperatures and
urban heat islands
High vulnerability – Low response capacity
• Poor building and infrastructure
quality
• Poor drainage systems
• Lack of water/climate-proof
infrastructure & know-how
• Fragile livelihoods and access to
services (health)
• Planning failures (inappropriate
choices and limited enforcement)
=> response capacity and
preparedness are limited
African cities’ contribution to climate change
- Large numbers have no access to energy; small elites are intensive
energy consumers:
- private car vs public transport; congestion; lack of alternatives;
- building materials, construction technologies, inappropriate design;
- depletion of green areas, environmental services (wetlands, carbon sinks);
- use of firewood, pollution of water reservoirs, urban sprawl.
Despite the relative small level of emissions, there is vast scope for
improving present patterns to avoid high level of GHG emissions in
the future
UN HABITAT
 The United Nations Human Settlements Programme,
UN-HABITAT promotes socially and environmentally
sustainable towns and cities with the goal of providing
adequate shelter for all
 Habitat Agenda: increasing the resilience of cities to the
impacts of climate change
 « UN Acts as one »: concrete approaches for synergies
and strategic partnerships with other UN Agencies and
programmes
 Collaborates with other institutions to develop specific
tools and networks: Arcadis (“Shelter Initiative”), IIED,
ICLEI, Rockfeller Foundation, WB…
UN HABITAT Strategic approach
Cities and CC
• Cities contribute to climate change
• Cities are affected by climate change
=> Cities are part of the solution
•
-
Integrated approach for planning incl:
Comprehensive poverty reduction
Integrated adaptation
Disaster preparedness
Shift to green / low carbon / energy efficient economy and
development over longer term.
Cities and Climate Change Initiative
(CCCI)
• Launched in 2008
• Objective: to enhance climate change mitigation and
adaptation capacity of cities in developing & least developed
countries.
• Approach:
• Linking local climate change initiatives to national plans and budgets.
• Developing learning tools for enhancing local climate change
mitigation and adaptation capacity (eg. Planners’ Guide)
• Promoting participatory, cross-sectoral environmental planning
• Bringing together best practices/strategies to improve urban resilience
(e.g. Resource Cities Network) (www.climateactionmap.org)
Cities and Climate Change Initiative
(CCCI)
• 20 Pilot Cities Worldwide:
– First group of pilot cities (2008)
•
•
•
•
Sorsogon (Philippines)
Esmeraldas (Ecuador)
Maputo (Mozambique)
Kampala (Uganda)
– 5 Additional cities in Africa (beginning in 2009 or early 2010)
•
•
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•
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Burkina Faso Bobo Dioulasso
Kenya Mombasa
Namibia Walvis Bay
Rwanda Kigali
Senegal Saint Louis
– 10 Additional cities in Asia and Pacific (beginning in 2010)
CCCI Methodology at the city level
Consolidated
Institutionalization
Process Design
Political Decision
At the Global Level:
TOOLS / STRATEGIES
ADVOCACY
NETWORKS
Climate Change
Strategy and
Action Plan
City Consultation
Assessment
Risk Mapping /
Greenhouse Gas
Nat’l Consultation Emissions Monitoring
CCCI in Saint Louis, Senegal
 April 2010: Launch of CCCI
(with international Workshop)
 May 2010: CCCI Partner Cities
Meeting in Bonn (Resilient
Cities Conference)
 Aug-Sept 2010: Strengthening
human resources and
expertise
 September 2010: Arcadis
Study and water-related
vulnerability assessment
CC & St Louis
•
Scientific studies at the National
level (NAPA):
– T°: +1,5°C
– Shoreline: - 1-2m/y
•
Uncertainty of CC forecasts at
local level (lack of data for climate
model downscaling)
•
Local observations (link with CC
tbc):
– UCAD: sea-level rise observed:
+1m/year
– Rainfalls combined with high
watertable, clay soil and
– Communities: shrinking of the beach
+ houses eroded
CCCI in Saint Louis: Next Steps
• National dialogue and debates
on physical risks diagnostic
• Support to strategic planning
and climate action plan
• Planners’ Guide for CC: St
Louis/pilot
• Capacity building: training on
climate resilient urban
development + construction
techniques to build WITH water
• Support to the International
Workshop organized by the City
of St Louis on « CC and local
governance in Africa »
Thank you!
Cities and Climate Change Initiative (CCCI)
UN-HABITAT
www.unhabitat.org/ccci