Transcript Innovative use of space technologies in forestry sector

Innovative use of space technologies
in the energy, environment and
environmental monitoring,
meteorology, agriculture and forestry
sectors
Aire Olesk
Estonian Trainee in ESA-ESRIN
University of Tartu/Tartu Observatory
Pärnu 26.08.2013
Driving force behind Innovation in Space
Technologies
The changing Earth monitoring the
progress
Not only science, but politics,
economy and daily life of
citizens profit from satellite data
Improved understanding and
predictions, ensuring
sustainability
Global coverage, rapid
measurement
capability and
continuity
Space Technologies and Applications
Earth
Observation
weather
forecasting,
environmental
monitoring,
mapping,
emergencies
Satellite
navigation
navigation,
surveying,
search and
rescue, precise
agriculture
Telecommunications
NanoSats
miniaturized
television,
satellites for
radio, internet, space research
military
(for example
ESTCube-1)
Integrated Applications
The benefits of space-based
(EO)platforms

Global coverage

Frequent revisit and up-to-date
information

Large range of swath size
(e.g. coverage in a single acquisition)
and resolution ranging from less than
a metre to km-s
Sentinel-1

Ability to see through cloud and at
night (e.g Synthetic Aperature Radar)

Rapid disaster management (prediction and monitoring, real-time
decision-making)

Large store of archived data and continuity of missions allowing long
term research into e.g. climate change, biomass etc.
Innovative use of space technologies in
the energy sector
DInSAR

Measuring the subsidence at underground mining areas

Measuring the geological stability of oil and gas fields
and pipe-lines, of large urban areas and single buildings

Subsidence information for power line poles and bridges
Data: TerraSar-X, Tandem-X, Radarsat-2, Sentinel-1, Cosmo-Skymed, SMOS etc

EO satellites also produce 'sunshine maps'
to help site solar power plants and benchmark their operating efficiently'

Hydroenergy prediction (amount of
precipitation, water capacity and speed
of melting)

Wind speed and storm predictions (wind
and solar farms)

Exploration and exploitation of oil and gas
Innovative use of space technologies in
the energy sector
Mean subsidence/rise
of buildings in Tartu
(mm per year)
Period: 1993-2001
Source: ERS-1/-2
Innovative use of space technologies in
the environment and environmental
monitoring sector
Atmosphere
Cryosphere
GOME-2 is
observing
the
recovery of
the ozone
layer
Land Cover
Ocean
Cryosat
has
revealed
the loss of
ice in Arctic
regions
Disaster management
Land cover
mapping
supports
management
of urban areas
and detecting
land cover
change
EO satellites
help to
monitor and
assist the
destruction
caused by
tsunamis/eart
hquakes
SMOS monitors
the salinity and
amount of
water held in
the surface
layers
Tectonics
SAR allows us
to see the
volcanoes
“breath” and
detect the
ground
displacements
Helping relief efforts in Japan
- map of terrain displacement
InSARsynthetic
aperture radar
interferometry
Possible to
detect ground
motion down to
a few
millimetres
Innovative use of space technologies in
the environment and environmental
monitoring sector
Arctic sea-ice thickness based on two
months' worth of data from the ESA’s ice
mission, CryoSat-2.
The first SMOS global map of soil
moisture and ocean salinity
Innovative use of space technologies in
meteorology sector

Accurate weather prediction and long term
global climate change (EUMETSAT)

Short term and long term atmospheric
changes on both, local and global scale

Weather warnings (monitor the
volcanic eruptions and ash clouds,
hurricanes, dust storms)

Satellites monitor the air we breath
The mean density of nitrogen dioxide over Europe
between January 2003 and June 2004, as measured
by the SCIAMACHY instrument on ESA's Envisat
satellite. Source: ESA, University of Heidelberg
Storm Ulli, EUMeTrain 2012
Agriculture
Food security and
precise
agriculture
EU subsidies for
farmers
- Improve agricultural
yield forecasting
capabilities (crop health,
nutrient deficiency,
weather, soil, growth
speed)
- Grassland cutting
detection
- Steer tractors with
centimetre-accuracy to
improve farming
- Conservation of
landscapes and
biodiversity
Vegetation
classification and
monitoring
- Growth stages and
indices (e.g Leaf
Area Index)
- Fire damage
mapping
Soil fertility
- Soil moisture,
erosion, irrigation,
draught
assessment, types
of stress
Innovative use of space technologies in
forestry sector
Global observations
Carbon accounting
Forests
cover about
30% of
Earth's land
surface
area
Change detection
Forests
absorb,
release and
store
carbon
Biomass
Storm and
forest fires
damage
estimation,
deforestation
Forest
height and
stem
volume
estimation
Innovative use of space technologies in
forestry sector
• Timber value estimation
• Reforestation validation
• Selective logging
• Thinning and clearcut detection
• Carbon stock for GHG inventories
• Storm/fire damage estimation
Country-wide forest biomass estimates from PALSAR Lband backscatter in 2010, Source: Regio Ltd, ESA
Logging detection in Estonia in 2011-2012
Source: Regio Ltd, DMCii
Innovative use of space technologies in
forestry sector
Earth’s Northern Biomass
mapped and measured

In higher resolution than ever
before (pixel = 1 km on ground)

About 70 000 ENVISAT images from
2009-2011 combined to create the
pan-boreal map for 2010

Will be continued by the future
Sentinel-1 mission

ESA’s seventh Earth Explorer is a
Biomass mission (first P-band SAR
mission, plus an experimental
“tomographic” phase to provide 3D
views of forests)
Copernicus – The European Earth
Observation Programme
-
Copernicus - one of the two largest EU/ESA space programmes (in addition
to Galileo) to stimulate innovation in European industry
-
Collects data from multiple sources: earth observation satellites and in
situ sensors such as ground stations, airborne and sea-borne sensors
-
Copernicus (previously GMES) services address six main thematic areas:
Land Monitoring, Marine Monitoring, Atmosphere Monitoring,
Emergency Management, Security, Climate Change
-
Based on the Copernicus services, many other value-added services can
be tailored to more specific public or commercial needs.
-
This will create new business opportunities and has a huge potential for job
creation, innovation and growth.
-
A free and open data policy
-
Promotes growth and competitiveness in the EU
ESA’s Artes 20 programme
Integrated Applications
Promotion (IAP) - the
development of operational
services for a wide range of
users through the combination
of different systems
Cross-fertilisation across
disciplines (e.g. impact of
Climate on Health, on Energy,
on Transport, etc...)
Example: Coastal flood
warning system for the
Baltic Sea (Pärnu City
Government and Regio Ltd)
Integrated Applications
-
Severe floods in January 2005 in Pärnu
caused by strong storms and heavy rain
-
50 MEUR damage according to Estonian
government estimations
Proposed IAP Solution:
–
Web application presenting the flood
forecast information
http://space.regio.ee/iap/web/app.php/
–
Cellular network text service disseminating
the flood warning messages
–
Flood maps presenting the current situation
and the evolution of the flooded area based
on forecast
Educational and outreach projects
–
ESTCube-1 is the first
Estonian satellite, launched
in May 2013
–
Built in Estonia by students
from Tartu University,
Estonian Aviation Academy,
Tallinn University of
Technology and University
of Life Sciences
–
The main mission of the
satellite is to test the
electric solar wind sail
–
It also helps to build
Estonian infrastructure for
future space projects and
to educate space
engineers
Image by ESTCube-1
Thank you for your attention!
Studies are supported by European Social Fund’s Doctoral Studies and
Internationalisation Programme DoRa, which is carried out by Foundation
Archimedes.