Transcript Food Security Presentation by IIT KGP

Brainstorming Workshop on
Sustainable Food Security through
Technological Interventions for
Production, Processing and Logistics
5th October, 2013
Gargi Hall, IIT Kharagpur
Sustainable Food Security through
Technological Interventions for
Production, Processing and Logistics
A Draft Proposal
By
Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur
Experts and Participants
Affiliation
Dr. S.S. Magar
Dr. B. S. Konkan Agricultural University, Pune
Dr. P. Chandra
Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal
Prof. N. Vishwanadham
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
Dr. B. Dinesh Kumar
Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad
Dr. S. Bhattacharya
Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalay, Mohanpur
Prof. D. Basu
Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalay, Mohanpur
Prof. G. K. Adil
Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay
Prof. C. Rajendran
Indian Institute of Technology, Madras
Prof. R. Shankar
Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi
Dr. P. Mishra
Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack
Prof. S. Dutta
Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi
Prof. U. B. Desai
Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad
Ms. J. Umadikar
Indian Institute of Technology, Madras
Dr. S. D. Kore
Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati
Dr. A. Barve
Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar
Food Production and Distribution in India
– Current Scenario
Food production in India......Current Scenario
• Projected increase in food productivity - 50% by 2020, 100% by 2040
• 25-35% Losses in handling, transportation and storage
• Only 6% of logistics is linked with ICT
• High leakage through PDS
• FCI requires 52-74 MT* storage against 30 MT of current capacity
• Cold storage requires 31 MT against 21.7 MT of current capacity
References
1) Challenges of food security and its Management, 2011, National Rainfed Area Authoroty, Planning Commission, Government of India.
2) Gahukar, R.T., Food Security in India: The Challenge of Food Production and Distribution, Journal of Agricultural & Food Information, 2011, Vol.-12, pp. 270-286.
3) Gulati, A., Gujral, J., .Nandakumar, T., National Food Security Bill Challenges and Options (http://cacp.dacnet.nic.in/NFSB.pdf).
4) Viswanadham, N., Improving India’s Food Supply Chain, Supply Chain management and Logistics 2.0, 2008, Vol.- 4(2), pp 29-32
* MT – Million Tonnes
5) http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2012/sustainable-approaches-to-reducing-food-waste-in-india.html
6) http://www.indianexpress.com/news/-india-will-have-to-double-food-production-by-2040-/1039151
Food Production and Distribution in India
– Major Challenges
• Colossal wastage
• Low yield
• Variable food grain quality
• Inadequate infrastructure for cold chain, storage, handling, and
transportation
• Poor database management
• Lack of control over quantity and quality to end customer –Not dense
monitoring
• Lack of traceability
Food Production and Distribution in India
– Required Approach
In order to overcome these tremendous
challenges in food production and distribution
system in India, a Comprehensive and Multidisciplinary research and innovative work is
required.
Food Production and Distribution in India
– Required Approach
Robust food supply chain
Biotechnological solutions
- Responsive and coherent supply
chain
- High yield seed variety
- Nutritional enrichment
- GM and non-GM crops
- Extensive usage of ICT for monitoring
and tracking
4 Pronged
approach
Harvesting and storage
- Cold chain
Productivity improvement
- Mechanization for high yield
- Waste reduction
- Water and nutrient management
- Maintaining food quality
- Climate change risk mitigation
Food Production and Distribution in India
– Framework for NFSA
Robust Food
Supply Chain
Biotechnological
Solution
•Procurement and Packaging
•Transportation and
Distribution
•Warehousing and cold chain
•ICT
•Functional Genomics
•Metabolomics
•Low Cost Nutraceuticals
•Diagnostics
Framework for
implementing
Food Security Act
Post-harvesting
and Storage
•Processing and Storage
•Quality assessment
Food Production
•Mechanization
•Water and Nutrients
•Climate change
Overview of the Proposal
Departments involved
Thematic
research areas
Key research issues
No. of
programs
Industrial Engineering and
Management
(Other participating
departments: Mechanical,
Civil, and computer Sci. &
Engg.)
Strategic and
operational
support
-Demand and requirement analysis,
- Procurement, packaging, storage,
transportation and distribution policies
- Information and communication technology
(ICT) for waste control
- Multi-model hierarchical strategic modeling
5
Agricultural and food
engineering
Food grain
production
- Mechanization in food production
- Water and nutrient management
- Climate change adaptations and mitigations
3
Post-harvest
processing and
storage
- Grain processing and storage
- Stored food grain quality
2
Biotechnological
solutions to
sustain NFSA
- Functional genomics
- Metabolomics
- Low cost nutraceuticals development
-Diagnostics
4
Department of Biotechnology
• Collaborative research would be pursued with other IITs.
• A pilot project will also be undertaken by adopting villages near IIT Kharagpur to
disseminate best practices in terms of key findings, technologies, innovation, and
methodology.
Operational Stages Related to Food
Supply Chain
Procurement
Transportation
Waste
handling
Waste
handling
Storage
Distribution
Procurement
Specific
Objectives
Key
Deliverables
Reliable demand
prediction
Development of
reliable demand
forecasting
methodology
Optimal packaging
strategy
Identification of
optimal
procurement
strategy
Classification
methodology of
varied packaging
Transportation and Storage
Specific
Objectives
Key
Deliverables
Adequate
modernized
storage facilities
Identification of
optimal network
for central/state
depots and cold
storage
Optimal
transportation
network
Optimal
Transportation
network (Rail/road
etc.) design
Improving existing
PDS system
Distribution
Specific
Objectives
Key
Deliverables
Optimal
replenishment
policies
Analytical tools
for identifying
inventory
requirements
Inventory
reduction
Coordinated
replacement policy
Eliminating
overstocking/
understocking
Waste handling
Specific
Objectives
Use of ICT for
traceability and
waste reduction
Key
Deliverables
Bar-coding or
smart tagging
system
ICT enabled
advanced
inventory
management
Centralized
integrated online
software system
WP 1: Strategic and operational
support to implement NFSA
Leading Department: Industrial Engineering & Management
Program 1: Demand, Procurement and Packaging requirements
Program 2: Storage and Transportation requirements
Program 3: Stock management & replenishment policy
Program 4: Information and communication technology (ICT) and
waste control in Logistics
Program 5: Multi-model hierarchical strategic modeling
Sustainable Food Security through
Technological Interventions for
Production, Processing and Logistics
Thematic Research Areas:
Food Grain Production
Post-harvest Processing and Storage
Lead Department:
Agricultural and Food Engineering Department
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
Food Grain Production & Post-harvest Processing
and Storage
Village
Adoption
Research
&
Innovation
Village adoption: Food Grain Production
Mechanization:
 Land preparation
Nutrient management:
Sowing/planting
 Need-based nutrient
Fertilizer and pesticide application
Integrated nutrient management
Harvesting
Water management:
Irrigation system
Ground water recharge
Water conservation
Climate change adaptation:
Crops and cultivars
Production practices
Weather-based advisory service
Village adoption: Post-harvest Processing and Storage
Grain processing & Storage:
 Primary processing of grains
Modernized grain storage system
Efficient management
Stored food grain quality:
Quality control system
Quality assessment methodologies
Research & Innovations in Food
Grain Production
Work Package:
Precision agriculture and sustainable
technologies for enhancing food grain
production
Mechanization in
Food Grain
Production
Water and
Nutrient
Management
Climate Change
Adaptations/Miti
gations
Programme 1: Mechanization in Food Grain
Production
Objectives:
Development of sensor-based technology for seed
metering and fertilizer application
Development of harvesting machine and pest
management tools
Skill building of
farmers with regard
to machine use
Machine suitable in
farmers field of
different land holding
sizes
Precision
nutrient and pest
management
Programme 2: Water and Nutrient Management
Objectives:
Development of technologies for enhanced
water use efficiency
Real-time irrigation and nutrient
management technologies
Application of nano-materials fertilizer for
production improvement
Technologies for
increasing WUE
ICT-based real time
irrigation and
nutrient management
Nano-materaial
based fertilizer
application
packages
Programme 3: Climate Change Adaptations and Mitigations
Objectives:
Analysis and understanding of climate change impacts on soil
health, water demand and food grain production
Identification of climate-resilient cultivars of cereal crops
Development of agro-adaptations/mitigations
Cultivars for rising
temperature
environment
Basic information
on production
Agro-adaptations on
water and nutrient
management
Research &
Innovation
Production system
adaptations
Target
Production
Research & Innovations in Post-harvest Processing &
Storage
Work Package:
Processing and storage technologies to
minimize post-harvest loss of food grains
Grain Processing
& Storage
Stored Food
Grain Quality
Assessment
Programme 1: Grain Processing and Storage
Objectives:
To develop processing and storage technology
To minimize storage losses by technology upgradation
Setting up of tertiary processing centres for RTE
meals for processing and packaging
Upgraded on-farm
processing
technology
Efficient storage
structure from farm
to national level
RTE
practices
Programme 2: Stored Food Grain Quality Assessment
Objectives:
Development of food grain quality control systems
and methodologies
Rapid methods for quality & safety assessment of
stored grains
Efficient handling system for online tracking with
modern techniques and methods
Capacity building
of farmers,
entrepreneurs
and stake holders
Rapid grain
quality assessment
methods
Efficient
handling
system
Programme
Collaborating
2: Partners
Stored Food Grain Quality Assessment
Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, ICAR,
Bhopal
Dr. B.S. Konkan Agricultural University, Pune
Central Rice Research Institute, ICAR, Cuttack
Bidhan Chandra Krishi Visvavidyalaya, Kalyani, West
Bengal
Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi
 Orissa University of Agriculture & Technology,
Bhunabeswar, Odisha
Indian Grain Storage Management and Research
Institute, Hapur, UP
Biotechnological solutions to sustain
National Food Security Act 2013
Leading Department: Department of Biotechnology
Goal:
‘Adequate quantity of quality food at affordable prices’ to the target people
Food for proper energy, better nutrition and appropriate healthcare
What are the different levels of R & D that need to be addressed ?
Level
Description
A
Yield improvement of crops (mainly cereals)
B
Nutritional quality improvement of plant products
C
Storage & Transport of plant products
D
Processed/packaged food with preservatives and supplements
for safe and extended shelf-life of food products
Requirement : short-term (3-5 years) & long-term (6-10 years) programs
Biotechnology can play significant role in these programs at all 4 levels
Specific Biotechnological Programs
Sl . No.
Sub-Program (Project)
1
Functional Genomics of rice crop for improvement of grain
yield and product quality
2
Metabolomics for developing biomarkers as a tool to
evaluate the superior phenotypes of cereal cultivars
3
Food security by reduced dietary intake: Low cost
nutraceuticals development from Rice, wheat and coarse
grains
4
Developing sensitive diagnostic kit for detection of
pathogens in stored food grains
Robust multidisciplinary projects involving different departments/centers of IITKharagpur along with research collaborators from outside.
Functional Genomics of rice crop for improvement of grain yield
and product quality
Bioinformatics
Rice genome
sequence
information
Predicted genes* involved in
grain yield & product quality
*Gene involved in grain yield:
Biotic & abiotic stress-tolerant, grain
size
&
weight, semi-dwarfism,
efficient nutrient uptake, male sterility
for hybrid seed
*Gene involved in product quality:
Nutrient-enrichment, toxin elimination
Expression profiling/
Microarray analysis
Allele mining from
wild type/ cultivated
accessions
Transgenic technology to
create ‘loss-of-function’ &
‘gain-of-function’ mutations
Identified/ characterized
sets of candidate genes
Functional / genic
molecular marker for
selective breeding of
desired trait in progeny
Field trail etc. Release
of cultivars
Genetically modified
plant with desired trait
in elite cultivar
Metabolomics for developing biomarkers as a tool to evaluate
the superior phenotypes of cereal cultivars
Rice wild type/
cultivated
accessions
Metabolomics
Identified sets of
metabolites correlated to
desired traits*
Development of targeted
diagnostic assays for
metabolite assisted
breeding of desired trait
in progeny
Field trail etc. Release
of cultivars
Low cost
nutraceuticals development from rice, wheat and coarse grains
Food
security
Coarse grains
through
Rice grains
reduced
dietary
intake:
Wheat grains
Biotechnological
processing for
preferred
carbohydrate
profile
Per capita
reduced
consumption
can
be
Dietary carbohydrate based energy
release may be improved
More prebiotic enriched
semi-processed grains
Gut microbiota will be better
managed to save 40% wastage of
carbohydrate
Fortification
with
probiotics &
micronutrients
Metabolic engineering of grain crop
carbohydrate will enable cost-effective
and efficient healthcare
Nutritional analysis, pilot testing in local
hospitals, municipality and medical
college with involvement of nutrition
experts, and packaging/shelf life testing
Developing sensitive diagnostic kit for detection of pathogens
in stored food grains
Stored grains and
food materials
Sensitive
Diagnostic Kit*
Identification of
pathogens and toxins
Segregation/ destruction
of infected food materials
Uninfected food
materials are ready for
public distribution
systems
*Kit based upon:
Biochemical,
Polymerase
chain
reaction, serological tests coupled
with sensitive image capturing device
Prospective Collaborating Partners
National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad
Bidhan Chandra Krishi Visvavidyalaya
Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack
Seed or agri-business companies
Others….
Thank you all