Transcript Why agricultural research matters

WLI 6 TH A NNUAL R EGIONAL C OORDINATION M EETING
C OOPERATIVE R ESEARCH IN THE R EGION ,
AND C APACITIES FOR E NHANCED
PARTNERSHIP
Ibrahim Shaqir, Director
Office of International Research Programs
November 2014
TODAY
USDA

USDA Organizational Overview

USG, USDA, ARS Priorities

Researchable Issues and USG Initiatives

ARS International Research


Activity and Collaborating Countries

Programs and Bi-Lateral Cooperation

Project and Multi-lateral Collaborations

Global Partnering
Emerging Opportunities for Water Research Collaboration
USDA
USDA ORGANIZATION
USDA and ARS
ARS is one of four
agencies in the USDA
Research, Education,
and Extension mission
area.
The others are:
The National Institute of
Food and Agriculture (NIFA),
• The Economic Research
Service (ERS), and
• The National Agricultural
Statistics Service (NASS)
Thomas Vilsack,
USDA Secretary
Dr. Cathie Woteki,
Under Secretary, Research,
Education, and Extension (REE)
•
Dr. Chavonda Jacobs-Young,
Administrator
Agricultural Research Service
Dr. Steven Shafer,
Associate Administrator,
National Programs
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
Dr. Simon Liu,
Acting Associate
Administrator, Operations
U.S. G OVERNMENT
S CIENCE I NITIATIVES
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
STEM Enhancement
Open Data, Gov, Science
Climate Change
Scientific Advancement
Spurring Innovation
International Partnering
Harnessing US Expertise
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
USDA
USDA Secretary Initiatives

Rural Development

Bioeconomy

Climate Change Adaptation

Multiple Cropping Systems

GM/non-GM coexistence

Administrative
Streamlining/Cost Savings
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
USDA
USDA R ESEARCH P RIORITIES
 Local and Global Food Supply and
Security
 Crop & Animal Production
 Crop and Animal Health
 Crop and Animal Genetics, Genomics,
Resources
 Biotechnology
 Consumer & Industry Outreach,
Policy, Markets, Trade
 Responding to Climate & Energy Needs
 Responding to Climate Variability
 Bioenergy/Biofuels and Biobased
Products
 Sustainable Natural Resources Use
 Water Availability: Quality & Quantity
 Landscape-Scale Conservation &
Management
 Nutrition & Childhood Obesity
 Food Safety
 Education & Science Literacy
 Rural Prosperity / Rural-Urban
Interdependence
ARS
ARS R ESEARCH P RIORITIES
 Environmental Stewardship
 Crop Breeding and
Protection
 Animal Breeding and
Protection
 Food Safety
Comparing varieties of alfalfa used
for bioenergy in Minnesota.
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
 Human Nutrition
 “Big Data” Management
ARS
ARS P ROFILE
•USDA in-house science research
(U.S. NARI)
•2,200 scientists and post docs
•Farm-to-table research scope
•90 laboratories
•Information and technology
transfer
•$1.1 billion annual budget
(+$107 mill in 2014)
•National Program Focus
•Partnerships/mechanisms
•International collaborations &
Overseas Labs
•NAL & National Arboretum
•800 research projects
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
•6,200 other employees
•Administration and stakeholder
priority setting process
“...we listen – and respond – to those
with a stake in the outcome.”
ARS Program Distribution
National
Agricultural
Library
2%
Crop
Production
and Protection
39%
Animal
Production
and Protection
14%
Nutrition,
Food Safety,
and Quality
27%
,0
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
Natural
Resources
18%
ARS
ARS Lab Locations
ARS
RESEARCH
FACILITIES ARE
IN ~90 U.S.
LOCATIONS
AND IN
A RGENTINA ,
A USTRALIA ,
C HINA , AND
F RANCE
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
ARS National Programs
Animal Production
and Protection
• Food Animal
Production
• Animal Health
• Veterinary,
Medical, and
Urban
Entomology
• Aquaculture
Nutrition, Food
Safety and Quality
Natural Resources &
Sustainable Agricultural
Systems
Crop Production
and Protection
• Human Nutrition
• Water Availability &
• Food Safety
(animal and plant
products)
• Watershed
Management
• Quality and
Utilization of
Agricultural
Products
• Soils, & Emissions
• Plant Genetic
Resources,
Genomics, and
Genetic
Improvement
• Climate Change,
• Bioenergy
• Agricultural &
Industrial Byproducts
• Pasture, Forage, &
Rangeland Systems
• Agricultural System
Competitiveness &
Sustainability
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
• Plant Diseases
• Crop Protection and
Quarantine
• Crop Production
• Methyl Bromide
Alternatives
ARS I NTERNATIONAL R ESEARCH
P RIORITIES
ARS
International





Food Security (including Biosecurity
Engagement)
Climate Change/Natural Resources
Management/Invasive Species
Bioenergy/co-products
Nutrition
Food Safety
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
ARS
International
M ECHANISMS FOR C OLLABORATION

Memoranda of Understanding

Grants

Various cooperative agreements

CRADAs, etc.

MTAs

Informal – scientist to scientist
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
ARS International Collaborations-FY2013
Western
Hemisphere, 425,
23%
Africa, 99, 5% Central Asia, 64, 3%
East Asia, 342, 19%
South Asia, 53, 3%
Oceana, 125, 7%
Europe, 642, 35%
MENA, 89, 5%
1,842 International Research Activities; 44 Unique ARS Locations
Includes 124 Projects with Brazil, 33 with Embrapa
ARS TOP 5 I NTERNATIONAL
R ESEARCH A CTIVITIES
ARS
International





ARS Overseas
Research
Biosecurity
Engagement Program
(BEP)
USDA/USAID- Feed
the Future (FtF)
Bilateral Partnering
Global/Multilateral
Partnerships
(AgMIP, GFRA)
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
BIOSECURITY
ARS: O VERSEAS R ESEARCH

European Bio Control Lab (France, with Greece satellite)

South American FUEDEI (Argentina, Foundation)

Sino-American Bio Control Lab (China, CAAS agreement)

Australian Bio Control Lab
(Australia, CSIRO agreement)

Cotton Winter Nursery,
Tecoman, Mexico
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
BIOSECURITY
PARTNER : S TATE , DOD
B IOSECURITY E NGAGEMENT
ARS supports the threat reduction mission to:

Reduce dual-use of biological
technologies

Capacity Building for infectious disease
surveillance, diagnostics, and control
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
BIOSECURITY
PARTNER : S TATE , DOD
B IOSECURITY E NGAGEMENT
Post SARS/AI, BEP expanded focus:

SE Asia (Indonesia, Viet Nam,
Philippines, Thailand
Zoonotic Disease Research:


Middle East/North Africa (Yemen,
Egypt, Algeria)
FMD, Brucella, Newcastle disease,
parasitology, Rift Valley Fever (RVF):
Pakistan, India, Thailand,
Philippines, Indonesia, Vietnam,
Kenya, South Africa, Egypt, Yemen

Sub Saharan Africa (Kenya, South 
Africa)

South Asia (India, Pakistan)
Training Diagnostic techniques for
Newcastle disease, Avian influenza:
Middle East, Southeast Asia,
Central Asia and Caucasus
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE

Biological safety and security:
Pakistan

International RVF workshop

2012 Brucellosis workshop – Africa
FOOD SECURITY
PARTNER : USDA/USAID N ORMAN B ORLAUG
C OMMEMORATIVE R ESEARCH P ROGRAM
F EED THE F UTURE

Ug99 wheat stem rust

Livestock production & health

Pulse production

Mycotoxins
E MBRAPA - L ABEX
INTERNATIONAL
PARTNERING

Established 1998 with ARS

Brazil Scientists to ARS

Improves bi-lateral
relationship and
cooperation

Synergizes research
efforts and resources

Enhances economic growth
via tech transfer
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
Labex US – Collaborative Work 2012-2013
6 Focus Areas/Clusters of Excellence - Long Term, 2 to 3 yrs
13 Visiting Scientists - Mid Term, 6 to 18 months
6 Visiting Scientists - Short Term, < 6 months
10 Capacity Building Activities - Short and Mid Terms
2 Courses, 1 Symposium, and 6 Workshops
10 Science Without Borders Proposals
37 Scientist Visits from Brazil
21 Scientist Visits from US to Brazil
40+ Publications in Journals
81+ International Institutional Interactions
87+ National Institucional Interactions
RDA- RAVL
INTERNATIONAL
PARTNERING

Established 2004

RAVL- Virtual Lab

Korean Scientists to ARS

Research and
development on plant
genomics and
adaptation to climate
change, and GMO
biosafety
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
Global Effort
Research Agenda for Global Research
Collaboration Platforms
Complex researchable problems
 Address biology, physics, social, economic,
political or other human concerns that
affect acceptance, implementation, and
adoption of new technologies
 Open, engaged culture allows ideas from
engaged participants of any level
 Science-driven solutions

Examples
Global/Multilateral Partners=
Synergy
Global Foot & Mouth Research
Alliance
Global Strategic Alliances for
Research Coordination on Major
Infectious Diseases of Animals
and Zoonoses (STAR-IDAZ)
Global Research Alliance on GHG
GRIN Global
Borlaug Global Rust Initiative
International Research Initiative
for Wheat Improvement (G20Paris, June 2011)
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
Models: Regional Solutions Scaled for Global Impact
Examples
Agricultural Model Intercomparison
and Improvement Project
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
Models: Regional Solutions Scaled for Global Impact
AgMIP Crop Model Intercomparison
Pilot Studies
45˚
0˚
= Wheat location
= Maize location
= Rice location
= Sugarcane location
-45˚
-90˚
0˚
90˚
• Wheat (27 models), Maize (25), and Rice Model (~15) Pilots underway
• Pilots under development for sugarcane, millet/sorghum, soybean,
groundnut, potato, and livestock
Rosenzweig et al., 2012
WLI T UNISIA – USDA
L INKAGES
Examples

ARS Partner Labs: Hydrology and Remote Sensing, Vegetable
and Forage Crops Production Research, Soil and Water
Management Research

Three Tunisian Post Docs in USDA Labs

USAID or US State Dept. Funding for Future

Capacity building (3 Post docs): rangeland restoration, small
ruminant health, marginal water use

MENA- WISP- engage USAID, NASA, USGS, and USDA

Tall Fescue Production: USDA ‘inducer system’ that promotes
fodder growth

Reintroduction of Tunis sheep breed from US collection
Examples
P HYSICAL I NFRASTRUCTURE

Web site: http://www.merimis.org/

Weather stations

Weighing lysimeter
Examples
ARS Models: some examples

SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool)

PGA-BIOECON is the Parallel Genetic Algorithm for
Computation of Biophysical and Economic Multiobjective

EPIC (Environmental Policy Integrated Climate) model

WEPP is the Water Erosion Prediction Project model

WEPS, the Wind Erosion Prediction System

AGNPS is the AGricultural Non-Point Source Pollution

CQESTR

RZWQM2 (Root Zone Water Quality Model)
Global Opportunities- resource sharing and synergy, global scalability?
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
Models: Regional Solutions Scaled for Global Impact
B IOTECHNOLOGY AND TRENDS IN
Resources
CROP RESEARCH

Vision to conduct scientific research leading to future advances
in crop production, quality and safety

Serves as a bridge between fundamental research for basic
understanding of plant function and development of safe
biotech applications.

The three research components:
1.
Functional utilization of plant genomes (eg, development
of multiple plant model systems )
2.
Biological processes that improve crop productivity and
quality (eg, controlling ripening, insect resistance
mechanisms)
3.
Plant biotechnology risk assessment
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
Resources
RESEARCH
COMPONENTS
 Crop genetic
improvement
 Crop genetic and
genomic resources and
information
management
 Crop biological and
molecular processes
R ESEARCH P IPELINE
Conventional Breeding
OUTPUTS
 Enhanced germplasm and
varieties
 Enhanced genetic, genomic,
bioinformatic, genetic resource
research, management, and
breeding capacities
 Enhanced knowledge and
toolkits
Biotechnology Breeding
CONTRIBUTIONS & PRODUCTS
 Genetic raw materials, germplasm
 Genetic, genomic, bioinformatice, and breeding tools,
techniques, and analytical approaches
 Data and information
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
USDA-ARS, USDA-NIFA, FS, NSF, DOE, ARPA-E
Resources
S POTLIGHT
ARS LOCATIONS
Bushland, TX
Ft. Collins, CO
ON
E MERGING S CIENCE
CROP ET & WUE
Alfalfa, Turfgrass,
Cotton, Sorghum,
Corn, Soybean,
Sunflower, Winter
wheat
Wheat, Sunflower,
Corn, Dry Beans,
Alfalfa
ARS LOCATIONS
ET RESEARCH
Bushland, Lubbock,
Parlier, Maricopa
Reference
Evapotranspiration
Methods
Bushland, Lubbock,
Maricopa
Evaporation &
Transpiration Partitioning
Bushland, Lubbock, Ft.
Collins, Stoneville
Tillage Effects
Deficit Irrigation &
Application Method
Effects
Lubbock, TX
Dawson, GA
Cotton, Peanut, Grain
Sorghum
Maricopa, AZ
Cotton, Wheat,
Camelina, Lesquerella
Bushland, Dawson,
Lubbock, Ft. Collins,
Parlier, Sidney, MT
Parlier, CA
Broccoli, Garlic,
Lettuce, Pepper,
Onion, Fruit trees
Beltsville, Bushland,
Lubbock, Maricopa,
Stoneville
Spatial Evapotranspiration
Stoneville, MS
Cotton, corn, soy
Parlier, Riverside
Water Table & Salinity
Effects
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
Resources
S POTLIGHT
ARS LOCATIONS
ON
RESEARCH
E MERGING S CIENCE
ARS LOCATIONS
Riverside, CA
Maricopa, AZ
Parlier, CA
Waste Water Reuse
Bushland, TX
Columbia, MO
Florence, SC
Maricopa, AZ
Stoneville, MS
Site-Specific Variable
Rate Irrigation with
Plant & Soil Feedback
Sensing
Bushland, TX
Columbia, MO
Dawson, GA
Florence, SC
Fort Collins, CO
Kimberly, ID
Maricopa, AZ
Stoneville, MS
Water Use Efficiency as
Bushland, TX
Affected by Cultivar,
Maricopa, AZ
Management &
Stoneville, MS
Environment, including
drought stress
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
RESEARCH
Beltsville, MD
Bushland, TX
Maricopa, AZ
Stoneville, MS
Remote sensing of
Evapotranspiration and
Yield - WUE
Bushland, TX
El Reno, OK
Fort Collins, CO
Temple, TX
Modeling of
Evapotranspiration and
Yield – Water Usage
Effectiveness
Plant and Soil Sensor
Development
Agricultural Research:
collaboratively leading America and
the world to a stronger future
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE