Transcript Population Media Center (PMC)

Using Entertainment to Improve Lives:
Results from Sierra Leone
Since the first Earth Day, the
population has doubled. By 2050,
the population will have tripled.
1st EARTH DAY: 1970
Population: 3.6 billion
44th EARTH DAY: 2014
Population: 7+ billion
World Population Growth
12,000,000,000
Actual Numbers
10,000,000,000
Projected Numbers
6,000,000,000
4,000,000,000
2,000,000,000
Year (AD)
2050
2000
1900
1800
1700
1600
1500
1400
1300
1200
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
1
Population Numbers
8,000,000,000
“Human population reduction is not a quick fix
for environmental problems.”
- Corey Bradshaw and Barry Brook
“Slowing population
growth could provide
16-29% of the emissions
reductions suggested to
be necessary by 2050 to
avoid dangerous climate
change.”
- Brian O’Neill, PNAS in 2010
“Each child adds about
9,441 metric tons of
carbon dioxide to the
carbon legacy of an
average female, which is
5.7 times her lifetime
emissions. A person’s
reproductive choices must
be considered along with
his day-to-day activities
when assessing his
ultimate impact on the
global environment.”
- Paul Murtaugh and Michael Schlax
“Rapid population
growth exacerbates
vulnerability to the
negative consequences
of climate change, and
exposes growing
numbers of people to
climate risk. Population
growth is also one of the
drivers of the growth in
greenhouse gases that
contribute to climate
change.”
- Kathleen Mogelgaard
Saving a gigaton of
carbon by reducing
our 2050 population
by 1 billion, through
education for women
and family planning
information and
services, would cost
1,000 times less than
any of the other
technical options nuclear power,
renewables, or
increased car
efficiency.
Family planning "should absolutely be seen as a
climate resilience strategy in poor regions."
- Andrew Revkin
Access to Family Planning
• Since 1960, the contraceptive use rate
increased from 10% to 56%
• Total World Population: 7.3 billion
• Total Reproductive Age Population Married
or in Union: 2.3 billion
• Total Users of Modern Contraceptives: 1.3
billion
• Total Non-Users of Modern Contraceptives:
1.0 billion
• Total Unmet Need for Modern Family
Planning Methods: 0.4 billion
• Net Non-Users Who Don’t Want to Space
or Limit Childbearing: 600 million
• Top Reason for Non-Use:
Want More Children
Why are women pregnant if they
don’t want to be?
• Gender Inequality
• Lack of education
• Lack of control/male or family
opposition
• Fear of side effects of birth control
• Fatalism
• Religious Opposition
0.5
0.1
0.0
Benin 2006 DHS
Burkina Faso 2003 DHS
Cameroon 2004 DHS
Central African Republic 1994-…
Chad 2004 DHS
Congo Democratic Republic…
Cote d'Ivoire 1998-99 DHS
Eritrea 2002 DHS
Ethiopia 2005 DHS
Gabon 2000 DHS
Ghana 2008 DHS
Guinea 2005 DHS
Kenya 2008-09 DHS
Lesotho 2004 DHS
Liberia 2007 DHS
Madagascar 2008-09 DHS
Malawi 2004 DHS
Mali 2006 DHS
Mauritania 2000-01 DHS
Mozambique 2003 DHS
Namibia 2006-07 DHS
Niger 2006 DHS
Nigeria 2008 DHS
Rwanda2005 DHS
Senegal 2005 DHS
Sierra Leone 2008 DHS
Tanzania 2004-05 DHS
Togo 1998 DHS
Uganda 2000-01 DHS
Zambia 2013-14 DHS
Zimbabwe 2005-06 DHS
REASON FOR NOT USING CONTRACEPTION SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Main reason not to use a method: lack of access
5.0
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
% 2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.7
0.6
0.10.1 0.2
0.8
0.2 0.1 0.2
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.7 0.6
0.1
1.0
0.7
0.1 0.2
0.5
0.1
0.2 0.1
0.30.30.3 0.2 0.4
0.6
0.1
REASON FOR NOT USING CONTRACEPTION SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Main reason not to use a method: fear of side effects
30.0
27.2
26.0
25.0
26.1 26.1
23.1
20.6
20.0
% 15.0
18.2
17.5
15.8
14.5
11.8
10.0
7.8
6.2
6.1
5.0
3.8
2.2
0.5
0.0
11.1
10.8
5.9
2.92.7
2.0
8.18.5
6.4
5.0
4.2
4.1
3.2
2.2 2.4
8.3 8.0
2.3
9.1
REASON FOR NOT USING CONTRACEPTION SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Main reason not to use a method: health concerns
25.0
19.3
20.0
17.2
14.9
15.0
13.6
%
10.8
10.0
8.2
7.1
5.0
3.93.4
2.8 2.7
2.11.9
1.8
0.6
0.0
8.1
7.3
4.3
10.9
10.8
10.3
10.2
8.0
5.0
5.5
4.0
2.1
6.4
3.02.73.2
6.3 6.0
3.4
2.31.9
REASON FOR NOT USING CONTRACEPTION SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Main reason not to use a method: knows no method
25.0
20.0
19.3
15.0
%
11.7
10.8
10.0
4.7
5.0 3.73.9
2.8
8.78.3
4.4
2.9
0.7
0.0
9.1
8.6
3.9
2.02.42.3
1.4
3.8
1.2
4.2 3.8
2.9
11.3
8.1
4.8
1.0
0.2
4.8
2.6
1.61.8
0.80.8
REASON FOR NOT USING CONTRACEPTION SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Main reason not to use a method: religious prohibition
25.0
21.5
20.0
14.6
15.0
12.5
%
10.0
8.2
5.6
5.0 3.83.6
0.0
7.9
9.0
7.9
6.3
5.6 5.6
3.5
3.1
2.0
1.7
4.0
2.8
11.3
10.6
9.3
4.9
3.2
0.7 1.2
4.2
1.21.4
0.3
4.2
4.1
2.8
2.2
1.7
1.2
REASON FOR NOT USING CONTRACEPTION SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Main reason not to use a method: spouse opposed
16.0
14.4
14.0
12.0
10.0
% 8.0
9.0
7.2
9.8
9.1
6.8
6.4
6.0
5.6
5.4
6.0
5.2
5.1
4.84.6 4.4
4.7
4.2
3.9
3.73.8
4.0 3.2
3.2
3.0
2.6
2.5
1.9
1.5
1.5
2.0
1.2
0.0
8.3
7.4
4.9
4.7
2.5
3.4
2.6
%40.0
20.0
10.0
Benin 2006 DHS
Burkina Faso 2003 DHS
Cameroon 2004 DHS
Central African Republic 1994-95 DHS
Chad 2004 DHS
Comoros 1996 DHS
Congo (Brazzaville) 2005 DHS
Congo Democratic Republic 2007 DHS
Cote d'Ivoire 1998-99 DHS
Eritrea 2002 DHS
Ethiopia 2005 DHS
Gabon 2000 DHS
Ghana 2008 DHS
Guinea 2005 DHS
Kenya 2008-09 DHS
Lesotho 2004 DHS
Liberia 2007 DHS
Madagascar 2008-09 DHS
Malawi 2004 DHS
Mali 2006 DHS
Mauritania 2000-01 DHS
Mozambique 2003 DHS
Namibia 2006-07 DHS
Niger 2006 DHS
Nigeria 2008 DHS
Rwanda 2007-08 DHS
Senegal 2005 DHS
Sierra Leone 2008 DHS
South Africa 1998 DHS
Swaziland 2006-07 DHS
Tanzania 2004-05 DHS
Togo 1998 DHS
Uganda 2006 DHS
Zambia 2013-14 DHS
Zimbabwe 2005-06 DHS
REASON FOR NOT USING CONTRACEPTION SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Main reason not to use a method: wants more children
80.0
70.0
70.6
60.0
60.3
50.0
49.4
37.4
17.5
12.9
40.7
30.0
39.8
31.3
19.0
12.8
35.0
25.9
24.6
18.9
8.2
23.8
18.7 17.6
15.9 17.1 16.5 14.3
15.7
15.2
10.8
9.3
7.8
2.0
28.0
15.6
7.9
10.3
6.9 6.7
0.0
Importance of Gender Equality
Gender equality is a basic
human right.
Empowering women is vital to
advancing development,
reducing poverty, improving
reproductive health, and
stabilizing population numbers
worldwide.
PMC Overview
• Population Media Center (PMC)
uses entertainment-education
• Works globally with broadcast
media (radio, TV, online, print)
• Non-profit, non-governmental
organization, 501(c)(3)
PMC Effective Because
• Uses multiple media
• Addresses multiple issues
• Focuses in countries with
highest need
• Uses local producers and
writers
• Works with national &
local broadcasters
Some of the Issues We Address
Human Health
• Family Planning
• HIV/AIDS/STIs
• Reproductive Health
• Maternal & Child Health
• Nutrition
• Female Genital Mutilation
Human Rights
• Gender Equality
• Access to Education
• Domestic & Other Violence
• Child Marriage
Environment
• Climate Change
• Reforestation
Proven To Work Around World
Impacted more than 50 countries worldwide.
Character-Driven: 3 Types
Positive Characters
Negative Characters
Transitional Characters
• Guided by remarkable
morality and embody the
positive values in the
“values grid”
• Are icons (an ideal to
which the audience can
aspire)
• Are constantly rewarded
for their positive deeds
• Embody the negative
values in the values grid
• Negative behavior is
slightly exaggerated
• Are regularly punished
for their bad behavior
• Occasionally suffer
internally and regret their
actions but DO NOT
CHANGE
• Most similar to target
audience
• Faced with real-life dilemmas
• Are rewarded or punished for
good or bad actions (oscillate)
•Struggle to change their
behavior
• Eventually move toward
positive behaviors and are
rewarded
Photo by Tom Getting
Photo by Ellen Morgan
Photo by Mark Pelleiter