Transcript Presentation

REPUBLICA ARGENTINA
Seminar of Governmental Experts
Bonn, May 17, 2005
REPUBLICA ARGENTINA
CLIMATE CHANGE:
IMPACTS AND MAJOR CONCERNS
CLIMATE CHANGE
IMPACTS AND MAJOR CONCERNS
Water shortage due to increasing temperatures
Glaciers receding
Sea level rise impact in Buenos Aires
Increasing frequency of extreme storms
THE PLATA BASIN
(shared with other 4 countries)
75% OF THE PRECIPITATION EVAPORATES.
ONLY ABOUT 25% RUNOFF TO THE RIVERS
A 4°C WARMING WOULD INCREASE
EVAPORATION BY 30%
AGRICULTURE
HIDROPOWER
NAVEGATION
WATER SUPPLY
ARE HIGHLY VULNERABLE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
GLACIER RECEDING
(48 out of 50)
Glacier Upsala
Picture from a plane, Nov, 1968
Landsat image, May 2004
GLACIER RECEDING
(48 out of 50)
25% OF ARGENTINA POWER INSTALLED
IN COMAHUE
Río CAPACITY
Negro vs. (RíoIS
Limay
+ Río Neuquén)
2000
Río Negro
Río Limay + Río Neuquén
1800
1600
3
caudal anual (m /s)
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1900
1910
1920
1930
1940
1950
1960
1970
1980
1990
2000
GENERATION HAS ALREADY BEEN DEPLETED BY 30%
AIACC Project
Sea level rise effect
Area flooded
with a return
period of
5 years
Year 2070:
1.5 M persons
affected
2050- 2100
Damages:
About 10 B U$S
PRECIPITATIONS
Precipitation events of more than 100 mm in
less than 48 hours in 16 stations of
central and eastern Argentina
CLIMATE CHANGE
For Argentina is vital to address climate change because:
• it is a new and additional barrier to sustainable
development
• its adverse effects divert resources essential to social
policies (housing, health, education and environment)
Thus, it is of the country’s interest to contribute to the
international climate policy regime after 2012
REPUBLICA ARGENTINA
MITIGATION
MITIGATION
In the last three decades:
• Hydroelectric power
(50% of electricity generation)
• Substitution of fuel oil for natural gas
in combined cycles
• The largest automotive fleet run with
natural gas (1,100,000 vehicles)
• Subsidies to Wind Energy
MITIGATION
RESULTS:
ENERGY MIX COMPARISON
1970
2003
80
70
60
50
%
40
30
20
10
0
Hidraulic
Energy
Nuclear
Natural Gas
Oil
Mineral
Coal
Wood
Bagasse
Others
MITIGATION
CARBON SEQUESTRATION
FORESTRY:
258.747 Ha (2000 - 2004)
Forest Promotion Law
MINIMUM TILLAGE:
14 M hectares
62% of the total crop land
MITIGATION
CLEAN DEVELOPMENT
MECHANISM
75 Projects in the pipeline representing
15 M tons of CO2 reductions
We believe that CDM is to be successful
Argentina can make a substantial contribution
After 2012, it is necessary to expand the
scope of CDM to include all possible means
of achieving emission reductions
REPUBLICA ARGENTINA
ADAPTATION
ADAPTATION
Argentina is
already working on adaptation
It has several Programs, i.e.:
• Water Management Infrastructure
• National Climate Scenarios Program
• National Adverse Effects Impact Program
Several major problems have been identified,
but there are severe financial constraints
due to heavy public debt
ADAPTATION
Argentina is
already working on adaptation
Like in other developing countries, adaptation
requires of international cooperation
Buenos Aires Program of Work on
Adaptation and Response Measures
is a proper initiative to conduct
and enhance this cooperation
REPUBLICA ARGENTINA
We should not wait till
2012 to think about the future