Transcript D2 CDM Conf Presn

Addressing Underlying Risk Factors:
Caribbean Reducing Disaster Risk
Report
Ian King, Project Manager
Caribbean Risk Management Initiative
Barbados and the OECS
CDM Conference and Knowledge Fair
Barbados, 12 – 14 December 2006
CRMI Objectives
• Increased capacity for climate change
adaptation and DRR
• Risk reduction and climate change
adaptation integrated into development
• Increased investment in climate risk
reduction projects
• Horizontal cooperation and experience
sharing
Elements
• Caribbean Reducing Disaster Risk Report
• VCA
• Capacity Building in CC Adaptation and
Modeling
Background & Rationale for a Caribbean
RDR Report
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UNDP publication of global RDR Report – DRI
Barbados launch Feb.2004
Need for a report reflecting Car. SIDS:
– impact of disasters on Caribbean
– risk data, indicators, analysis
Build on experience & methodology of global RDR
report & other initiatives (WB, IADB, GRIP)
Advocacy tool & capacity building: contribute to efforts
to reduce disaster risk at various levels
Measure of individual & collective progress towards a
sustainable dev. approach through reduction of risks &
vulnerabilities
Disaster Risk Index (DRI)
Background & Rationale for a Caribbean
RDR Report
 In WCDR in Kobe, an appeal to international community
was made to:
(1)Ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and a local
priority with a strong institutional basis for implementation
Countries that develop policy, legislative and institutional frameworks for
disaster risk reduction and that are able to develop and track progress
through specific and measurable indicators have greater capacity to
manage risks and to achieve widespread consensus for, engagement in
and compliance with disaster risk reduction measures across all sectors of
society.
(4) Reduce the underlying risk factors
Disaster risks related to changing social, economic, environmental conditions
and land use, and the impact of hazards associated with geological events,
weather, water, climate variability and climate change, are addressed in sector
development planning and programmes as well as in post-disaster situations.
Linkages with the CDM
• Overall strategic objective of CDM integrated into
development processes and IR 5 – Hazard information
incorporated into development planning and decision
making
– Caribbean RDR demonstrate the relationship between
development and disasters both causal and effect
– Focus is on changing development practices that treat
vulnerability as an externality
• IR 2 – research, education & training support with
specific emphasis on local situation re hazards,
vulnerabilities and protective measures
– Defining vulnerabilities relevant to the Caribbean is integral to
this process
• The Caribbean RDR will serve the CDM as an advocacy
tool which we see as critical to the overall process.
Scope of Caribbean RDR
• Relationship between disasters and development
– Illustrating how vulnerability and disaster impacts are a
function of development patterns
• Impact of climate change and variability: frequency &
intensity of disasters in the region
• Economic & social factors affecting post-disaster
recovery efforts & sustainable livelihoods
• Linkages with the MDGs – including link between
poverty and vulnerability
• Disaster Risk Index (composite): long-term impact of
disasters
• Linking data, indicators & analysis to policy actions
Target Audiences
• National & regional policymakers, public
sector managers, development
practitioners, national civil defense
authorities
• Regional organizations
• Donors & international development
agencies
• Research institutions
• Populations & communities in the region
RDR Process - Principles
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Participatory & consultative
Local, national & regional ownership
Scientific rigor
Sustainability
Build on existing capacities & initiatives
Strengthen partnerships & community of risk
management practice
Strong advocacy/communications component
Encourage shift from analysis & recommendations to
implementation
Final product to have relevance, focus and be a practical
tool.
Strong emphasis on dissemination
Regional ownership and adoption
Caribbean RDR – Decisions
• Draft Concept note - early January 2007
• Finalise the TORs, lead investigators, core
group and various committees
• Develop outline of report development based on
GRIP structure
• Finalise governance arrangements
• Develop strategy for information dissemination
and engagement of the different publics
• Preliminary report by end 2007 and final by 1st
half of 2008
The Vulnerability and Capacity
Assessment (VCA) Methodology
Three fundamental questions that need to be asked
at country and regional levels:
(1) Are planning strategies for environment and
development in the Caribbean supported by the climate
record?
(2) What additional pressures will be placed on resources
as a result of projected climatic variability and change?
(3) What practical strategies may be engaged to reduce
vulnerability and enhance physical, social, economic and
ecological resilience?
The Vulnerability and Capacity
Assessment (VCA) Methodology
Objective
• To adapt and advance vulnerability
assessment methods that explicitly
incorporates uncertainty and risk into
system performance, technology
assessment and investment strategies
The Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment (VCA)
Methodology
The fundamentals in a simple assessment using the VCA
Methodology:
Step 1. What? Identifying the event and timescales of variability/change
• Probability, Magnitude, Frequency, Scope, Duration
Step 2. Who? Identifying exposure and capacity to withstand changes
• Proximate: Individuals, groups, communities,
• Quantifying economic - property risks and opportunities
Step 3. Why? Identifying the complex sources of risk
– Complexity and interrelatedness of natural, social, and development factors
– Why does a particular risk exist? Causal factors: What happened to make
vulnerability high/low?
– Whose decisions and choices are involved? Who is most affected by the
decisions and choices?
Step 4. Where and When? Time and space dimensions
• Dynamic change: Reversible, irreversible, cumulative or compounding
– Interconnected scales, beneficial outcomes
Step 5. How? Capacities
• Identify the resources available and what will be needed to build resilience
• Develop the programs, tools and mechanisms needed for capacity building
VCA Activities – St Lucia
• Collaboration between the UNDP CRMI and the
MACC
• Focus on water resources in southern St Lucia
• Initiate VCA process with other countries to follow
• Support for KAP questionnaire
• Collection and analysis of climate data
• Conduct community discussions regarding climate
change and variability issues and vulnerability
• Review of existing hazard maps and analysis of
existing studies
Results of VCA Process in St Lucia
• Analysis of questionnaire results
• Development of preliminary climate scenarios for
Eastern Caribbean including St Lucia through the MACC
and CCCCC and the UWI
• Review of water resources assessment study and
analysis in light of climate scenarios
• Draft analysis due by end of 2006
• Review and discussion of draft VCA report with local
steering committee and eventually presentation in public
forum in 2007 within the SPAP and 2nd National
Communications including associated pilot activities
VCA initiatives in other Countries
• UNDP supported a UWI Intern and now consultant who has provided the
local support to countries for implementation of the VCA
• St Lucia
– Focus on water resources in southern watersheds
• St Vincent and the Grenadines
– Focus on a vulnerable community and two of the islands of the Grenadines
– Link to and informing the SPACC and SNC
• Trinidad & Tobago
– Focus on Nariva Swamp, an important and threatened ecosystem
• Guyana
– Focus on Agriculture
• Belize
– Focus on water and tourism
• Jamaica
– Focus on water resources and in particular desalinization
Capacity Building
• Supporting UWI – CERMES MSc (CC
stream) and also the new Disaster
Management Centre
• Facilitating cooperation between CCCCC;
Cuban Institutions and Regional
Institutions incl. UWI in CC Modeling
• CRMI website at
http://www.onu.org.cu/crmi/
• Contacts
– Karen Bernard – Program Manager, UNDP
Cuba
– Ian King – Project Manager, UNDP Barbados
and the OECS
– Jane Mocellin – Disaster Reduction Advisor,
UNDP Barbados and the OECS