Transcript Climate Change L2 - Nicole

Climate Change
Lesson 2
SNC2P
Nicole Klement
Review of Lesson 1
The Spheres
Topography –Landforms
• Land forms such as mountain ranges play a large
role in weather. As warm or cold air rises it meets
at the peak of a mountain to create unique weather
systems
Why is there more
atmospheric pressure at sea
level compared to on top of a
mountain?
What would happen to
atmospheric pressure in hot
weather?
What about cold weather?
Mountains
When mountain climbers are climbing to reach the summit, what can they
expect in terms of temperature changes?
What can they expect in terms of temperature changes?
If the mountain is near a body of water (lake or ocean) will the weather be the
same on both sides of the mountain?
Remember, for each 100m rise above sea level a 1C drop in temperature can
be expected…..
The Hydrosphere
• The HYDROSPHERE is a
term used to describe
ALL the earth’s water:
• Lakes
• Oceans
• Rivers
• Water vapour
• Etc.
• Because water can hold
temperatures for longer
than air. Large bodies of
water are called HEAT
SINKS.
• Ever wonder why the
water in a lake is still
warm in October?
The Water Cycle
•
•
•
•
Water has three states:
Liquid
Solid
Gas
• Due to waters cycling
between these three
states there is a term
called the WATER cycle
which describes the
movement and CYCLE of
water on earth.
The Hydrosphere - Water
• Water masses, currents
and the water cycle play
a large role in weather.
• We will watch this PBS
clip to better
understand one
glacier’s role in water
currents and weather
Hot Planet-Cold Comfort
•
What is the Great Atlantic Conveyor Belt and
what happens to global warming if it shuts
down? Join Alan Alda as he explores some of
the possible outcomes of climate change.(PBS ,
Runtime : 26:23)
•
http://www.learn360.com/ShowVideo.aspx?ID=
130847
More from the PBS video
Water Currents
• Ocean Currents – are
formed by wind action and
differences in density within
the ocean water
• When water in the ocean
flows in one general
direction, it forms a current
• Some currents flow along
the surface of the ocean
while other flow deep
under the ocean
Effects of Ocean Currents
• Warm water causes more
evaporation and therefore
more clouds form (this
leads to more rain)
Water Currents
Causes of Ocean Currents
• 2 factors affect ocean currents
1. Energy from the sun
2. Density of water
• Most of the oceans currents are a result of the Sun’s energy
• The sun heats up the atmosphere, causing winds
• Winds that blow across the surface of the ocean cause water to move
• Cold water is denser than hot water (cold water sinks to deep parts of
the ocean while warmer water rises to the surface of the ocean)
Motions of the Oceans
Effects of Ocean Currents
• Warm water causes more evaporation and
therefore more clouds form (this leads to
more rain)
Global Winds
Global winds are caused by extreme pressure differences
• They are less dense than normal winds (this allows them to
reach speeds of 500 km/hr)
• There are 4 different prevailing global winds on Earth
1. Northeast Trade Winds
2. Southeast Trade Winds
3. Westerlies
4. Easterlies