Transcript Total area

Soil and Water Management
for Agriculture
to Ensure Food Security in Thailand
Dr. Tatsanee Muangkaew
Director of International Organizations and
Strategy Division
Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives
Office of Agricultural Economics
August 2012
Presentation Outline
1
Current situation of soil
and water management
2
Future policy towards
soil and water
management
3
Successful implementation
in soil and water
management
2
1
Current Situation of
Soil and Water Management for Agriculture
Land utilization and agricultural
land use
Water resource
Challenges in soil and water
management
3
Land Utilization
Total country area: 51.3 million ha (514,000 sq.km)
9.84 mil.ha,
19%
24.31 mil.ha,
47%
agri_area
forest
non-identify
17.16 mil ha,
34%
4
Agricultural Land Use
Agricultural area 47%: 24.31 million Ha
1%2% 2%
1%
resident
3%
rice
21%
orchard and perenial tree
field crops
vegetables and flowers
grazing field
22%
48%
non-identified
others
5
Water Resource
10 years average annual rainfall ( 2002-2011): 1,495
mm
Average annual rainy day:
Average annual runoff :
 Per capita surface runoff:
161 days
213,424 mil.m 3
3,335 m3
(64 mil. of
population)
 water retention capacity : 76,002 mil.m3
(35.6% of
runoff)
 maximum active storage: 56,000 mil.m3
6
Water use
15.0%
1.6%
Total water requirement 152,151 mil.m3
( in 2010)
agriculture
18.4%
ecosystem maintenance
consupmtion
65.0%
industry
 Irrigation area
19.3%: 4.7 mill.ha
24.3
Mill ha.
Of Ag.area
Rainfed area
80.7% :19.6 mill ha
- Large and medium
Scale :3.87 mil.ha
- Small scale: 0.83 mill ha
Benefited area: 1.8 mil.ha
7
Challenges in Soil and Water Management
Soil
Water
•
•
•
•
Soil erosion
Soil degradation
Soil salinity
Soil acidity
• Water scarcity/competitive
use
• Flood /drought
• Water distribution
8
2
Future Policies towards
Soil and Water Management for Agriculture
Concept of natural resources management
under 11th Thailand Agriculture and Cooperative
Development Plan
“Efficiency, Balance, and Sustainability”
Preparedness for climate change adaptation
and participatory management
9
Development guideline
 Develop of agri. resources and agri. infrastructure
efficiently
- Rehabilitate and improve degraded soil
- Implement land use system according to soil
and water potential
- Increase water use efficiency for agri.,
increase water retention capacity, and expand irrigation area
- encourage community participation in water
management and integrated between agencies involved
10
Development guideline
 Promote efficiency and sustainable use of
natural resources
- encourage farmers to proper use of agrochemical to
prevent chemical residue and environment contamination
together with promote use of organic fertilizer.
- supervise and control agrochemical distribution
11
Development guideline
 Promote participation of farmers in agri.
resources management
- encourage communities to protect their agri.
resources
by many ways of incentives
- promote communities self management of agri.
resources
in terms of maintenance, conservation, restoration with
equal access, balance, and sustainable use
12
Development guideline
 Preparedness for impacts of climate change
and natural disaster
- Integration with all relevant sectors in terms of data and
information coordination for promptly decision
- planning for disaster, warning system, situation monitoring
and information distribution to target people
- infrastructure preparation such as maintenance, repair,
improve water ways and irrigation system to prevent and protect
farmland and urban area.
13
Water management Strategy
Irrigation
infrastructure
Upstream
Check dam
Reservoir
Increase retention
efficiency
Middle stream
Improve existing project
Water management
Floodgate
Up
Down stream
• Reservoir management
Middle
Pumping station
• Forest conservation
Water distribution
system
• Dam physical structure
inspection
• Land use zoning
Down • Cropping system planning
14
e
3
Successful implementation
in soil and water management
Use Vetiver grass for soil and water conservation
15
Saline soil management
by growing selected salt tolerant and halophyte crops
ใชว้ ัสดุปร ับปรุงดิน
tomato
onion
cantaloupe
broccoli
16
United Nations Public Service Awards
Thailand Irrigation Management has got United Nations Public Service Awards
(2011 and 2012) under category: Fostering Participation in Policy-Making
Decisions Through Innovative Mechanisms
2011 award: Participatory Irrigation
management, Daressalam,Tanzania
2012 award: integrated drought
prevention and mitigation, New York,USA 17
2012 United Nations Public Service Awards
Mae Yom Operation and Maintenance Irrigation Project
Objective: integrated drought prevention and mitigation
Activities: participatory approach irrigation management with
stakeholders and knowledge transfer to farmers and young generation
Achievement: drought prevention and
mitigation for agriculture area
18
Thank you