Transcript Scott-650

The geospatial edge for disaster prevention, mitigation and response
Disaster Risk Reduction:
A Global Geospatial
Perspective
Greg Scott
Inter-Regional Advisor
Global Geospatial Information Management
United Nations Statistics Division
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Australian Disaster
Conference, 1999
Disaster Prevention for
the 21st Century
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Positioning geospatial information to address global challenges
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Positioning geospatial information to address global challenges
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with
more
events…
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Changing patterns
Globalization
Cost of infrastructure
and an escalating economic cost…
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Positioning geospatial information to address global challenges
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“Positioning
Positioning geospatial
geospatial information
information to
to address
address global
global challenges”
challenges
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• Economic losses from disasters since 2000 are in the range of $2.5 trillion, a
figure at least 50% higher than previous international estimates. These will
continue to escalate unless businesses take action to reduce their exposure
to disaster risks.
• Recent major events such as Hurricane Sandy in 2012, the 2011 floods in
Thailand and the 2011 Japanese earthquake and tsunami highlighted the
growing impact of disasters on the private sector.
• Damage and disruptions to transport, energy networks, and other critical
infrastructure interrupts business and imposes additional costs.
• In the years ahead, due to increasing globalization, trillions of dollars will
be invested in hazard-prone regions, mostly by the private sector (70-85%).
If that money fails to account for natural hazards and vulnerabilities, risk
will increase and will have consequences on global supply chains.
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Super-Typhoon Haiyan
• A turning point for disaster risk management.
• It is clear that the world is in uncharted territory when it
comes to disaster events like Typhoon Haiyan. There is a need
for a dramatic scaling up of our efforts to protect vulnerable
populations and exposed assets from the threat of natural
hazards.
• Changes to the built environment, combined with the
influence humankind is having on climate change, makes it
likely that we will see more unpredictable and unprecedented
weather events where storm surges, violent winds and heavy
rains will combine to undermine development efforts.
• This event will have a major impact on the discussions now
underway on a new global framework for disaster risk
reduction.
Margareta Wahlstrom
Special Representative of the Secretary-General
for Disaster Risk Reduction
12 November 2013
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UN-GGIM
A global geospatial initiative
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UN-GGIM: A global initiative
Formal inter-governmental UN Committee of Experts to:
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Discuss, enhance and coordinate Global Geospatial
Information Management activities by involving Member
States at the highest level. Reports to ECOSOC.
Make joint decisions and set directions on the use of
geospatial information within national and global policy
frameworks.
Work with Governments to improve policy, institutional
arrangements, and legal frameworks.
Address global issues and contribute collective knowledge as
a community with shared interests and concerns.
Develop effective strategies to build geospatial capacity in
developing countries.
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How can you measure and monitor
sustainable development…
…without location and geography
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Monitoring Sustainable
Development: Why Location
Matters?
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Monitoring Sustainable
Development: Why Location
Matters?
“I am pleased to see that the importance
of reliable, trusted geospatial
information is now recognised. The
United Nations has now established a
Committee of Experts of Member States,
which the UK co-chairs, to move this
agenda forward”
Rt Hon Nick Clegg MP,
Deputy Prime Minister,
United Kingdom Government, Rio+20, June 2012
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The Future We Want: 19th June 2012
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2nd High Level Forum on Global Geospatial
Information Management
4-6 February 2013, Doha, Qatar
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2nd High Level Forum on GGIM
Ministers emphasised global challenges including:
• Sustainable geodetic networks; mitigating and managing disasters;
population growth and food security; urban planning and sustainable
development; and privacy and confidentiality in the face of growing
public demands for data.
Participants affirmed the importance of:
• A reliable national geospatial information infrastructure in each
country built on internationally recognized standards that will
integrate, manage, and deliver geospatial information for timely,
evidence based and authoritative decision making and policy
formulation on location-based development issues, including
disasters and humanitarian needs;
• Greater use of geospatial information in sustainable development
with an initial focus on managing risks of natural disasters to urban
populations and developing effective mitigation strategies; and
• Authoritative core global reference datasets to support global
sustainable development activities, and to work jointly towards the
preparation, improvement and maintenance of these datasets.
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The Global Geodetic Reference Frame
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Chengdu Forum on Global Geospatial Information
Management
15-17 October 2013, Chengdu, China
Development and Applications in
Urban Hazard Mapping
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Chengdu Forum
“…there will be a consensus on the vital role
of geospatial information in all phases of
hazard and disaster risk management and
reduction. This will extend the ability for
nations to not only map their geography and
topography, but also those areas that are
vulnerable to natural hazards, particular in
urban environments. It will also provide better
understanding to decision-makers and
emergency responders”
Wu Hongbo
Under-Secretary-General for
Economic and Social Affairs
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Chengdu Forum Main Conclusions
1. GI needs to contribute to the post-2015 sustainable development agenda: disaster risk
reduction; sustainable development; and the global trend towards urbanization.
2. Provide leadership in raising the awareness and importance of GI in disaster
preparedness, mitigation, response and recovery, sustainable development and
safeguarding life.
3. Recognize the important role of standards and interoperability when using GI in
disaster phases. Need for standardization and terminologies across countries.
4. DRR requires a data driven and a geospatial approach – risk, hazard, exposure,
vulnerability, communities, infrastructure at risk, etc. It is also a statistical approach –
populations, addresses, postcode, census, village, etc. Need definitive population and
economic data to understand exposure and vulnerability.
5. New requirements for combining authoritative information, including access and
coordination, with response information from the crowd and citizens, particularly as it
applies in rapid response situations.
6. Institutional and policy barriers to data sharing fall away in response to disasters. At
other times there are data silos and security concerns. These concerns need to be
balanced with the need to make more data available.
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7th Session of the Open Working Group on
Sustainable Development Goals
The Role of Geospatial Information in Measuring and
Monitoring the Sustainable Development Goals
Disaster risk reduction, sustainable development, and global urbanization
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The SDGs will depend on human and physical geography. In order to measure
and monitor change and progress you must have access to fundamental and
consistent geospatial information – geography.
Not all targets will be equal and will require different means of measure.
Indicators will need to be linked to the targets and be well defined,
measurable over time, cost effective and clearly and easily communicated.
There will be a need to create a network of consistent global data – reliable
geospatial information – to measure and monitor trends, change and progress
over time in a standardized manner.
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7th Session of the Open Working Group on
Sustainable Development Goals
Concluding Remarks: Climate change and disaster risk reduction
The inter-connected nature of risks posed by climate change and natural
disasters was recognized. Strong actions on climate change mitigation
and adaptation are among the most effective means of reducing disaster
risks.
Without such actions, the frequency and intensity of, and the
vulnerability to, disasters will only intensify in coming years and decades.
There is a need for a range of solutions, including access to technology
and early warning systems for disaster management, and enhanced
stakeholder capacities at all levels. The role of good governance and
incorporation of lessons learned from indigenous knowledge was also
recognized.
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3rd High Level Forum on Global Geospatial
Information Management
22-24 October 2014, Beijing, China
‘The contribution of geospatial information to the
post-2015 development agenda’
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Taguig City, Metro Manilla, Philippines
Flood
Defences
“How can you manage that which you cannot measure?
This (data) can be used for measuring. How can you
monitor effectively that which you cannot map?”
Mr. Nereus Acosta, Presidential Advisor on Environmental Protection
Government of Philippines, September 2011
http://www.ga.gov.au/corporate_data/78597/78597_GMMA_1000.mp4
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Thank you
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