Transcript Morocco`s renewable energies for defence against desertification

Morocco's renewable energies
for defence against desertification
Gerhard Knies*, Abdelaziz Bennouna**
*Hamburg Climate Protection Foundation HKF, Hamburg, Germany
** CNRST- TEER Rabat Morocco
• In this presentation, the renewable energies of Morocco
will be analysed wrt. their potential to limit GLOBAL
CLIMATE CHANGE and it’s expected most dramatic
implication :
DESERTIFICATION
• G.K. is physicist in elementary particle physics, and since
6 years co-founder and president of the Hamburger Climate
Protection foundation HKF. My special interest:
Synergies from North-South co-operation
Tetuan May 8th, 2002 FIER
The topics
1. General features of Global Climate Change (GCC)
2. Morocco - EARLY VICTIM of GCC
3. Water - bottleneck for domestic development in NA
4. The main climate changers - CO2 emitters
5. Polluters - Victims
6. Potential and technologies for wind and solar radiation
7. The SOLARTRON: water, electricity, and farm land
8. Clean energy for Europe - big business for Morocco?
9. 3 strategic steps for Morocco
Tetuan May 8th, 2002 FIER
Polluters - Victims
Main polluters are not main victims (nations)!
– Large polluters with low climate sensitivity
– small polluters with high climate sensitivity victims
– early climate victims cannot defend themselves against GCC by
national measures : nationalised approaches not adequate.
Joint solution: co-operative co-generation of
– clean electricity for Europe and
– desalinated water for Morocco (NA)
– by renewable energies
 Climate Protection Alliance
Morocco (+NA) and Europe (+ former SU).
Tetuan May 8th, 2002 FIER
How much SAHARA is needed for solar
collectors?
For 1000 TWh/a electricity
(10% of EU power + gasolin
consumption)
by Solar-thermal power plants
a total area of 3600 km² for
collectors is needed (60km x
60km).
COLLECTOR
1 unit
IRRIGATED AREA
24 units
With their waste heat 40
Billion m³ desalinated water
can be produced in cogeneration, enough for irrigating 80.000km² of desert with
500 mm water, as shown with
the 2 pink rectangles ( 40.000
km² each)
Could a North-African Climate Alliance strengthen the
national efforts of Ma, Al,Tu, Li, Eg ? If yes - create one!
Tetuan May 8th, 2002 FIER
Synergy of a climate alliance
• Organise Climate protection
as if there were no borders!
• North Africa (“MED”) has
empty space, sun, wind,
• people to build collectors
• Europe has technology,
capital and demand
Tetuan May 8th, 2002 FIER
What can Morocco do? - 3 Strategic Steps
1. ) Domestic Solar Start-up Program:
 10 MW demo – plant now  2000 MW in 10 years
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collector technology (solar steam generator) will mature
solar energy costs will fall
SOLARTRON as core of ”SOLAR OASIS” program: power, fresh water, shade, green land
build collector parts in Morocco: money for domestic jobs instead for oil imports (in Germany, there are now 35.000 jobs in
the wind industry).
 begin to produce and to export solar/wind technology and electricity.
2.) North-African Solar Technology Club

Solartron concept attractive for many countries
 Libya, Egypt, Jordan, Iran .... already interested !
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DUN
More users, more developers, faster cost reduction
They all support Morocco’s defence against desertification.
3. ) Climate Protection Alliance with EU, electricity, technology and capital exchange
•

Establish frame of legal regulations and political confidence
Make clean electricity
 technically reliable
 available by demand (thermal storage)
 supplementary to EU-resources (summer/winter)
 at lower costs than from EU resources
Tetuan May 8th, 2002 FIER
The „ECO-ALITION“ Europe - North Africa
•
Solar/wind energy
cheaper than oil
•
Water for North Africa
•
Solar oasis along coasts
•
Clean electricity and
hydrogen for EU
•
Generates jobs in NA
instead of CO2 in EU
•
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Pursue Your Vision
Build Your Dream
DESERTEC Foundation
Reduces conflicts for the
will support DISEM.
limited oil&gas fields
Stops climate change
and desertification.
Tetuan May 8th, 2002 FIER