Transcript What will be the impacts of Climate change?

Specification StatementFuture climates are likely to present
major challenges to the UK and
especially to people in the developing
world
What will be the impacts of Climate
change?
To understand that people everywhere will face
climate change in the future
To understand some predicted global impacts
To gain an insight into possible risks for the UK and
Bangladesh
What impact may
climate change have
on this patter? How
will this affect us?
Possible Global Impacts
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http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/in_depth/629/629/6528979.stm
Climate concerns
• While the outcomes may vary from country-to-country, the
report said some "broad consequences" could be predicted:
• agriculture and rural development will bear the brunt of climate
risk
• extreme poverty and malnutrition will increase as water
insecurity increases
• more extreme weather patterns will increase the risk of floods
and droughts
• shrinking glaciers and rising sea levels will reduce access to
fresh water
• Because industrialised nations have focused their climate change
initiatives on reducing the amount of greenhouse gases being
pumped into the atmosphere, support for adaptation in
developing countries has been "piecemeal and fragmented", the
report says.
http://www.youtube
.com/watch?v=NBA
colFLOs8 video of
possible impacts
and solutions
TaskWatch the video and make notes on
1) possible impacts of climate change on a global
scale
2) Ways to prevent worst scenarios happening
• Large increases in numbers facing water
scarcity.
• Projected reductions in the areas for growing
crops, and in length of the growing season, mean
increased risk of hunger. In some areas, yields
could be reduced by up to 50% by 2020.
• Rising sea levels threaten large cities.
Degradation of coral reefs and mangroves is
likely, with impacts on local fisheries and
tourism.
• Rising temperatures, coupled with over-fishing,
will decrease the supply of fish from large
lakes, with important impacts on food supplies.
• Arid or semi-arid areas in northern, western,
eastern and parts of southern Africa are
becoming drier, while equatorial Africa and
other parts of southern Africa are getting
wetter, the report says.
• The continent is, on average, 0.5C warmer than
it was 100 years ago, but temperatures have
risen much higher in some areas - such as a part
of Kenya which has become 3.5C hotter in the
past 20 years, the agencies report.
Africa
Small low rise Islands
• Sea level rise is likely to
worsen floods, storm surges
and coastal erosion, with
impacts on the socio-economic
wellbeing of island
communities.
• Beach erosion and coral
bleaching are likely to reduce
tourism.
• There is strong evidence that
water resources in small
islands are likely to be
seriously compromised.
• Increased invasion by nonnative species is likely.
Explanation of the effects of global warming in
both MEDCs and LEDCs
Possible Impacts on the UK
• By 2080, London will be between 2C and 6C hotter than it is now,
Every part of the UK is likely to be wetter in winter and drier in
summer, according to the projections.
• Summer rainfall could decrease by about 20% in the south of England
and in Yorkshire and Humberside by the middle of the century.
• An effective global deal at December's UN climate talks in
Copenhagen could keep the summer temperature rise in southern
England to about 2C, the projections suggest.
• But if greenhouse gas emissions rise quickly, that figure could be as
high as 12C,
• "This research confirms that not only is climate change already
having a serious impact in Britain, but that we are also locked into
further impacts, and that these impacts will get much worse unless
we act now to tackle the problem."
The effects of global warming in the UK
By 2020
• http://www.bbc.co.uk/sn/climateexperiment/whattheymean/the
uk.shtml weather forecast
• Excess summer heat- watch the clip and answer these questions• Why will the problem be worse in cities?
• What are they doing on London Underground to try and combat
rising temperatures?
• What happens to train tracks and tar on roads in hot weather?
• http://www.bbc.co.uk/sn/climateexperiment/whattheymean/the
uk.shtml What will happen to Summers in the SE?
• What downsides are there to the proposed new reservoir at
Abingdon?
• http://www.bbc.co.uk/sn/climateexperiment/whattheymean/the
uk.shtml Why are cars a problem?
By 2050?
• http://www.bbc.co.uk/sn/climateexperiment/whattheymean/the
uk.shtml weather forecast• What changes will there be in Summer?
• Winter? White Christmas?
• http://www.bbc.co.uk/sn/climateexperiment/whattheymean/the
uk.shtml
• What may happen to some of the wildlife in the Scottish
Highlands? Ptarmigan? Salmon? Sled dogs?
• http://www.bbc.co.uk/sn/climateexperiment/whattheymean/the
uk.shtml
• What will happen to farmers and animals in Devon? Olives?
Almonds?
By 2080?
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http://www.bbc.co.uk/sn/climateexperiment/whattheymean/theuk.shtml
What will happen to winters? Summers? Which areas will be at risk from
sea level rises?
http://www.bbc.co.uk/sn/climateexperiment/whattheymean/theuk.shtml
How will buildings change?
What is BedZED? What is it like? Why doesn’t it need heating? Why is this
good? Where does hot water come from? How does it save water?
http://www.bbc.co.uk/sn/climateexperiment/whattheymean/theuk.shtml
How many cm do people predict sea levels in SE UK will have risen by? What
will the impacts of this be?
What will the impact be of the Thames barrier being breached?
Why is it bad to be building on the Thames Gateway- a flood plain of the
river Thames?
http://www.bbc.co.uk/sn/climateexperiment/whattheymean/theuk.shtml
What are the worst case scenarios post 2080?
If Greenland Ice sheet is lost how much would sea level rise by?
What impacts would this have on the UK?
What would the consequences be if the frozen peat bogs storing methane
thawed out?
What could happen to the Amazon rainforest?
Why will we suffer if climate change impacts on other countries?
How are we responsible for Iman- a shrimp farmer in Bangladesh?
Iman Ali Gain is a 65
year old shrimp farmer
in SW Bangladesh
He lives in a mud
house in the coastal
region of
Munshiganj,
Over the past 3
decades the sea level
around his house has
risen 3 metres
His drinking water is
tasting more of salt
every day
Iman’s sons have left
him in order to find
work in the big cities in
India he now sees them
only twice a year
He and other locals
have repaired the
breach in the
protective
embankment
themselves with silt
from the river bed
Bangladesh has a
population of 145
million and is only
marginally larger than
the UK which has only
65 million people
1/3 of Bangladesh
lies in a delta where 3
main rivers meet the
sea at the Bay of
Bengal. Land lies
below sea level there
If sea level rises by
another metre Iman
and up to 40 million
others will have to leave
their homes as they will
be permanently
submerged below water
Iman used to be a
rice farmer in a
paddy fields he
would feed himself
and his family and
then sell excess
crop for money
Iman has had to
Since abandoning rice
abandon rice farming farming he has been a
as his paddy fields
shrimp farmer, he
became increasingly
makes more cash but
contaminated with sea has more to spend it
water from the rising
on as he no longer
sea
feeds on his own
crops
3 months ago a tidal
river burst its banks
and left him in water up
to his chest
Bangladesh- a victim of it’s geography?
Bangladesh- a victim of it’s geography?
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Bangladesh has three great rivers the Brahmaputra, the Padma and the Meghna
around 230 smaller rivers flow into these.
As there are so many people living in the country, they have to use every bit of
land available for farming, even the riverbanks. These riverbanks are prone to
erosion and people frequently plunge into extreme poverty when they lose their
land and homes due to erosion.
floods are an annual event, and seem to be becoming more frequent. In 2004, a
deluge destroyed 80% of the country's crops, killed 747 people and left 30
million homeless or stranded.
Temperature increase caused by climate change will mean that more snow will
melt in the Himalayas each summer. This water will run into the rivers increasing
the chances of flooding and river erosion. If the snow melts fully, it will mean
increased flooding.
The country could receive 14% more rainfall by 2028, meaning more land will be
flooded. Many of those living in coastal areas will have to move inland where the
population is already high. So overcrowding will be worse
Increased sea levels mean that salt is getting into the soil, making fields near
the coast useless for farming. The salt is also killing off mangrove forests that
are a vital protection against cyclones, storms and tsunamis.
Climate change could also increase the number and intensity of tropical storms
in the area.
Predictions suggest that climate change could mean that by 2050, 15 million
people may be made environmental refugees in Bangladesh. Comprehensive flood
control and emergency measures must be taken immediately.
Task One
Watch the video and make notes on the following1) Why is Bangladesh so vulnerable?
2) What might the effects of climate change be on
Bangladesh?
3) What are people doing to try and cope with
predicted effects?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TpiR-lpYCV0&feature=related
24 minute docu ‘does anyone care if Bangladesh drowns?’
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6lQxJijXnRg&feature=relate
d 1st part of above docu
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_NMB4xU2ppE&feature=relat
ed 2nd part of above docu
What has happened?
How will this affect
Bangladeshi’s who
live their?
How will it impact on
other places in the
world?
• Experts say one-third of
Bangladesh’s coastline could be
flooded if the sea rises 1 meter
(3.3 feet) in the next 50 years,
washing away the homes and farms
of at least 20 million Bangladeshis.
That number is about the same as
Australia’s population.
• “We are taking steps to face the
threats of climate change.
Bangladesh needs $4 billion to build
embankments, cyclone shelters,
roads and other infrastructure in
the next 15 years to mitigate the
threats,” said Mohammad Aminul
Islam Bhuiyan, the top bureaucrat
in the government’s Economic
Relations Division.
• And even those farther inland will
not be safe from the effects.
Saline water will creep deeper
inland, fouling water supplies. Crops
and livestock will also suffer,
experts say.
• Scientists tell us that the most profoundly damaging
impact of climate change in Bangladesh will take form
in floods, salinity intrusion and droughts, all of which
will drastically affect crop productivity and food
security.
• We will also face riverbank erosion, sea water level
rise and lack of fresh water in the coastal zones.
• The prognosis is more extreme floods in a country
already devastated by floods; less food for a country
in which half our children already don't have enough
to eat; and less clean water for a country where
waterborne diseases are already responsible for 24%
of all deaths.
• The last two decades have witnessed ever more
frequent and intense flooding. In 2004, 38% of our
country was ravaged by floods, which destroyed more
than three quarters of our crops, left 10 million
people homeless, and in their wake diseases such as
dysentery and diarrhoea. It is the equivalent of the
Thames flooding Westminster, the South Bank and
the City of London repeatedly, washing away
businesses and homes, leaving families desperate and
desolate and some people dead.
• Were the Earth to warm by just one degree Celsius,
11% of Bangladesh would be submerged, putting the
lives of 55 million people in danger.
http://vimeo.com/groups/10716/videos/5027546 Geetu
a fisherman- his story
How has Climate change affected Geetu?
Who helped him?
Where do you think he would be if he did not receive
the help?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h
3wAS5qgncA
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What impacts is climate change having in the area?
What impacts does salinisation have on the crops?#
Why is shrimp farming getting harder?
What are the several problems climate change is
imposing on Bangladesh?
• Why will many people be displaced by end of century?
• Why are Bangladeshi people not responsible for the
situation?
Case study summary: Bangladesh
Answer these summary questions in as much detail as
possible?
• Why is Bangladesh so vulnerable to the impacts of
climate change?
• Describe all possible impacts on Bangladesh from
Climate change- sea levels, impacts on people, the
environment, the country itself
• How can we in the west aid Bangladesh?
• Why have developed countries not been very good at
helping countries such as Bangladesh?
Exam question
Explain how increasing greenhouse gas
emissions threaten people living in coastal
areas (6)