Transcript Climate Resilient Cities : a Primer on Reducing

Climate Resilient Cities
A Primer on
Reducing Vulnerabilities to
Disasters
Kuala Lumpur, December 4, 2008
Dr. Jerry Velasquez,
Senior Regional Coordinator
UNISDR Asia and Pacific
Overview of presentation
The “Primer” – What is it? Why have one?
Climate change and disasters in the region
The links between CC and DRM
Hot spots and identifying priorities
City case studies and key lessons learned
The Climate Resilient Cities program
The Role of National Governments
Discussion
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What is the Primer?
The Primer outlines city typologies
Integrates climate change with DRM
Presents a “hot spot” tool for identifying cityspecific priorities for action
Identifies both adaptation and mitigation
strategies at the local level, based on learning
from regional and global sound practices
Applicable to a range of cities
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Objectives of the Primer
To understand the issues and impact of climate
change at the city level
To engage in a participatory approach to
establish vulnerabilities
To learn about the why and the how through
illustrative examples from other cities
To build resilience to future disasters into
planning and adopt no-regrets actions
To understand the requirements for moving
from theory to practice
To engage in partnerships and learning
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Why focus on cities in East Asia?
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Source: World Bank, 2005.
Region prone to multiple hazards
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Largest increase in incidence
of natural disasters
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Largest amount of damage
from several types of disasters
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Climate change and DRM
Climate Change exacerbates the
frequency and intensity of
hydrometeorological disasters
CC can add new disaster risks
DRM includes seismic activity/volcanoes
while CC also addresses gradual
average changes in Climate
DRM and CC adaptation greatly overlap
and can strategically reinforce each
other
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Climate change and DRM
Sea level rise
Temperature
Precipitation
Natural hazards (incl earthquakes, etc)
Extreme events
What are the effects and impacts?
What are some mitigation and
adaptation sound practices?
Goal is to become more RESILIENT
over time
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Why focus on cities?
Cities disproportionately contribute to
climate change  mitigation
50% of global population, 80% of GHGs
Cities disproportionately suffer the
impacts of climate change and
disasters  adaptation
Port cities: 9% of global GDP exposed
4 of top 10 exposed (pop) cities in EA
Cities are also the front line in terms
of preventive action and emergency
preparedness and response
Sichuan, New Orleans, etc.
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Urban poor at greatest risk:
What can local govts do?
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Is your city a Hot Spot?
The Primer provides criteria for
determination of a Hot Spot using its
City Information Base:
Vulnerability to different
consequences of climate change in
urban areas
Preparedness and response capacity
to different natural hazards in urban
sector
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The Primer:
The “Hot Spot” exercise
RESILIENT
“Given”
• Geographic location
• City size and growth rate
• Governance structure
• Disaster history
HOT
“Influentiable”
• City management
• Financial resources
• Built environment
• Disaster response systems
• Economic impact of disasters
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City description and size
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Cities have a choice as to
their physical footprints
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Building resilient cities:
Learning from experience
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Sound practices overview
City
Geography
Tokyo
Coastal, Very High EQ Hazard
Very large
New York
Coastal
Very large
Jakarta
Coastal, Moderate EQ Hazard
Very large
London
Coastal
Large
Milan, Italy
Inland Plateau
Large
Singapore
Coastal
Large
Hanoi
Inland, River
Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam Coastal
Population
Medium
Medium
King County/Seattle
Coastal, High EQ Hazard
Small
Albuquerque, USA
Inland Plateau
Small
Venice, Italy
Coastal
Small
Rockville, USA
Inland Plain
Dongtan, China
Coastal, Moderate EQ Hazard
Very Small
--
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What to extract from the profiles
City Profiles of Sound Practices (on CD)
Detailed Profiles
WHY?
HOW?
IMPLEMENTATION
DETAILS
Short Profiles
POLICY
DETAILS
COORDINATION
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Sound practices and lessons
1. Organizational structure & Information
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Base
Institutional mechanism
Ownership by line departments
Climate change strategy
Public awareness
Accounting and reporting of GHG inventory
Hazard risk financing
DRM system considering CC impacts
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Sound practices and lessons
9. Mitigation: Energy sector
10. Mitigation: Transport sector
11. Mitigation: Built environment & density
12. Mitigation: Forestry and urban greenery
13. Mitigation: Financial mechanisms
14. Adaptation: Infrastructure
15. Adaptation: Water conservation
16. Adaptation: Public health
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Action based on experience
and risk assessment
Hot Spot assessment can be used to
prioritize vulnerabilities, not judge
Specific local action programs can draw
upon experience of other cities
Not all actions are expensive, neither
time intensive
No-regrets strategies are important and
can be complemented by specific
investments
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Creating a virtuous circle
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A multi-year program:
Climate Resilient Cities
Reach as many cities in East Asia
as possible to support them in
developing and implementing
THEIR climate resilient strategies
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Program Objectives
To disseminate the Primer tools in EA cities
To develop Implementation Tools for Action
(ITA)
To identify and strengthen partners for
implementation to go to scale
To facilitate implementation of climate
resilience programs in 100 cities in East
Asia
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Program Components
A. Develop local resilience action plans
Populate Hot Spot risk assessment matrix and compile
City Information Base (Primer tools)
Identify priorities for action & design feasible programs
B. Strengthen national and local partners for
implementation scale-up in initial countries
Identify and engage national/ local partners at outset
C. Scale up implementation of resilience action plan
development to 100 cities in East Asia
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Local Resilience Action Plan
(LRAP): What is it?
How can resilience help the city achieve its vision?
Populate Hot Spot risk assessment
Identify particularly vulnerable areas,
populations, sectors, capacities
Compile City Information Base – identify and fill
information gaps
City masterplans
Socioeconomic profile
Hazard profile
Future growth map
City institutional map
Identify priorities for action
Design feasible programs with investment financing
strategies
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What role can national
governments play?
National governments very important
Must enable cities and subnational regions
Provide support, funding, required changes
in national laws and regulations
Commit to applying learning from initial
demonstration cities to other cities
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What next?
Are you a Hot Spot?
Are you willing to become resilent?
Take the Primer,
Learn about the process
and be one of first implementing cities!
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Climate Resilient Cities
www.worldbank.org/eap/climatecities
Email: [email protected]
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