Transcript Disaster Risk Reduction

Disaster Risk Reduction
General concepts
UB
REP
LI C O F M A CE DO N
IA
DIRECTORAT
E
TE
RO
UE
CTION AN
D
RESC
P
Vlatko Jovanovski,MDMa
Protection and Rescue Directorate
ul.Vasko Karangeleski 8, 1000 Skopje
[email protected]
+389 75 457 538
Content
• Disaster risk reduction
– Evolution
– Core elements
• DRR challenges
– Climate change
– Urbanization
– Information management
• Conclusion
DRR a moving agenda
International
Decade on
Natural Disaster
Reduction
United Nations
International
Strategy for
Disaster
Reduction
(UNISDR)
Global Platform
for DRR
1990-1999
2000
2007
1994
2005
Yokohama
Strategy – World
Conference on
Disaster Risk
Reduction
World Conference
on Disaster Risk
Reduction - Kobe
Hyogo Framework for Action
2005 - 2015
• Make DRR national priority;
• Identification, assessment and monitoring
of disaster risks;
• Using knowledge and innovation for DRR;
• Reducing underlying factors and
• Strengthening preparedness capacities.
DRR definition
“The conceptual framework of elements
considered with the possibilities to minimize
vulnerabilities and disaster risks throughout a
society, to avoid (prevention) or to limit
(mitigation and preparedness) the adverse
impacts of hazards, within the broad context of
sustainable development.”
Source UNISDR,2009
Disasters as social constructions
Pakistan floods, 2010
Hurricane Katrina, 2005
Haiti earthquake, 2010
Great East Japan earthquake,2010
Iceland volcanic erruption,2010
Conceptual framework for DM
Disaster Management (DM)
Resp
Disaster Risk Reduction
Risk Assessment
Risk
Analysis
Prevention
Mitigation
Preparedness
Risk
Eval.
Sustainable development
Rec.
Another Risk Model
Concept of Risk
Risk(R)
HAZARD(H)
VULNERABILITY(V)
DISASTER
Modified from C.Wamsler, Lund
Univerisity 2012
Risk Assessment
• Answers the questions:
– What can happen?
– How likely is that to happen?
– What will the consequences
be?
• Challenges
– Risk perception
– Time
– Agent
– Multi-hazard
Risk assessment products
Yes
Large
Tsunami
Geographic
extent
Small
Scenario 1
Early warning
system
successful?
No
Yes
Scenario 2
Scenario 3
Early warning
system
successful?
No
Scenario 4
Risk assessment outcomes
Source:I.Davis,2012
Challenges
• Urbanization
– More than half of the world’s current
population lives in cities
– By the year 2015 there are expected to be 60
megacities in the world, each with a
population of 10 million or more people
– High concentrations of resources and people
within cities also mean that the economic
social, and environmental costs of extreme
events are high in urban areas
Challenges
• Climate change
– increase the frequency and magnitude of
many types of extreme events, including
floods, droughts, tropical cyclones and
wildfires
– change the nature of many types of hazards
– may lead to relocation within and between
countries
Challenges
• Digital era
– Number of cell phone users is bigger than the
total world population
– Use of social media in disaster management
“The difficulty in securing and
maintaining resources for disaster
risk reduction is that if it is
successful, nothing happens and
nobody knows about it”
John Tomblin,1988