Transcript GEF International Waters Focal Area (IWC5 Presentation)

GEF International Waters Focal Area
International Waters (IW)
includes transboundary river
lake, and groundwater
basins; also oceans, coasts,
Large Marine Ecosystems
and connected river basins
1995 GEF Operational StrategyInternational Waters
• 2 Long-term Goals for the IW focal area:
-Collective,
multi-state management of transboundary
water systems
-Implementation of the full range of technical,
economic, financial, regulatory, and institutional reforms
and investments contributing to sustainable use of
those transboundary waters
GEF International Waters
Portfolio of Approved Projects
(FY 1992-2009)
*182 Projects with 172 Collaborating Countries
*$1.1 Billion in GEF Grants; $4.8 Billion in Cofinancing
Emphasis for GEF 5 in IW will be Scaling Up On-theGround Operations Continuing Current Trend
4500.0
Cumulative Trend of GEF Grants and Co-financing in International
Waters
4214.5
4000.0
US$ in Million
3500.0
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
1500.0
1042.7
1000.0
209.6
500.0
0.0
167.1
1991-1996
1997-2000
2001-2004
2005-2008
GEF Allocation
Co-financing
GEF-5 Programming Document
GEF Replenishment: Third Meeting
October 14-15, 2009
Paris, France
Draft GEF 5 International Waters
Objectives
$500 million Scenario
Objective 1: Catalyze multi-state cooperation to balance conflicting water
uses in transboundary surface/groundwater basins while considering climatic
variability and change
Objective 2: Catalyze multi-state cooperation to rebuild marine fisheries and
reduce pollution of coasts and Large Marine Ecosystems (LMEs) while
considering climatic variability and change
Objective 3: Support foundational capacity building, portfolio learning, and
targeted research needs for ecosystem-based, joint management of
transboundary water systems
$660 million Scenario
Objective 4: Promote effective management of Marine Areas Beyond
National Jurisdiction (ABNJ) directed at preventing fisheries depletion --joint
with Biodiversity
International Waters Allocation
International Waters Allocation
• $500 million
$1 billion co-financing
• $660 million
$1.7 billion co-financing
Objective 1: Freshwater
System Outcomes
Regional institutional frameworks
for adaptive management;
adoption/ implementation of
reforms in 60% of States and limited
demos in 50% of States in 8-9
transboundary systems
Regional institutional frameworks for
adaptive management; adoption/
implementation of reforms in 65% of
States and limited demos in 60% of
States in 9-10 transboundary systems
Objective 2: Coastal and
Marine System Outcomes
Regional institutional frameworks
for adaptive management;
adoption/ implementation of
reforms in 70% of States and limited
demos in 50% of States for 8-10
LMEs
Regional institutional frameworks for
adaptive management; adoption/
implementation of reforms in 75% of
States and measureable demo
investment results in at least 60% of
States for 10-11 LMEs with global
policy impact
Objective 3: Foundational
Multi-state agreed actions on
Capacity Building & Portfolio reforms/investments for 9-10 new
Learning Outcomes
waterbodies
Multi-state agreed actions on
reforms/investments for 10-11 new
waterbodies; IW portfolio
performance improved through
KM/learning
Key Implications of Draft IW Strategy
• New IW projects to incorporate considerations of climatic
variability and change
• New freshwater basin projects to incorporate both surface
water and groundwater in true spirit of IWRM &
floods/droughts/floodplain management
• New Coastal and LME projects to incorporate ICM &
consider sea level rise/flooding/reefs/fisheries/ blue
carbon/blue forests(mangroves, kelp, seagrass, marshes)
• GEF IW projects will be more costly with capacity building
and foundational work on aquifers, IWRM, ICM, climatic
variability, & legal frameworks
• Results at community scale, gender issues, and experiencesharing/ learning will be stressed
Figure 6: Global Observed Temperatures
Combined global land, air, and sea surface temperatures
1860 to August 1998 (relative to 1961–1990 average)
Source: The U.K. Meteorological Office. 1997. Climate Change and Its Impacts: A Global
Climate Risks and Development: The “Poor Countries’ Danger”
Six Climate Threats
Top 12 Countries Most at Risk from Each
Drought
Flood
Storm
Low Income
Coastal 1m
Coastal 5m
Agriculture
High Income
Middle Income
Malawi
Bangladesh
Philippines
All low-lying
Island States
All low-lying
Island States
Sudan
Ethiopia
China
Bangladesh
Vietnam
Netherlands
Senegal
Zimbabwe
India
Madagascar
Egypt
Japan
Zimbabwe
India
Cambodia
Vietnam
Tunisia
Bangladesh
Mali
Mozambique
Mozambique
Moldova
Indonesia
Philippines
Zambia
Niger
Laos
Mongolia
Mauritania
Egypt
Morocco
Mauritania
Pakistan
Haiti
China
Brazil
Niger
Eritrea
Sri Lanka
Samoa
Mexico
Venezuela
India
Sudan
Thailand
Tonga
Myanmar
Senegal
Malawi
Chad
Vietnam
China
Bangladesh
Fiji
Algeria
Kenya
Benin
Honduras
Senegal
Vietnam
Ethiopia
Iran
Rwanda
Fiji
Libya
Denmark
Pakistan
It Will Get Worse
Potential Impact on Agriculture — Projected Percentage
Change in Agricultural Productivity in 2080
Note: Scenario: SRES A2.
Source: Cline 2007.
Mountain Water Systems Melting Creates
Downstream Water Conflicts
Water Stress in Critical Regions will Increase
Climate change can affect water availability & demand patterns and
aggravate water stress.
Percentage Change in Runoff by 2050
•
•
•
•
Many of the major “food-bowls” of the world are projected to become significantly drier
Globally there will be more precipitation
Higher temperatures will tend to reduce run off
A few important areas drier (Mediterranean, southern South America, northern Brazil, west
and south Africa)
Temperature Increases in EAST CHINA SEA
Large Marine Ecosystem
Mean Annual SST and
Annual Anomalies of SST
IW SAG 4/10/07 - 22
C P U E (C a tc h p e r H P )
0.8
0.7
• Yellow Sea LME
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
19681970197219741976197819801982198419861988199019921994
Y ear
Large T raw l
M edium T raw l
Large Stow
Startling Estimates of Nitrogen Export to Coasts Now Being
Refined in a GEF-supported Project- GEF/UNEP/IOC-UNESCO
Global Decline in Fisheries-related Biodiversity in
LMEs
Change in Catch Potential in 2030 (% relative to
2005)
< (-50) (-31) – (-15) (-6) – 5 16 – 30 51 – 100
GEF Portfolio of Transboundary Groundwater Projects in Africa
Protection of the North West Sahara Aquifer
System (NWSAS) and related humid zones
and ecosystems (UNEP/OSS)
Formulation of an Action Programme for the
Integrated Management of the Shared
Nubian Aquifer (UNDP/IAEA)
Developing Renewable Groundwater
Resources in Arid Lands: a Pilot Case - the
Eastern Desert of Egypt (UNDP)
Managing Hydrogeological Risk in the
Iullemeden Aquifer System (UNEP/OSS)
Mainstreaming Groundwater Considerations
into the Integrated Management of the Nile
River Basin (UNDP/IAEA)
Groundwater and Drought Management in
the SADC region (World Bank)
Climate Change Adaptation:
• GEF receives guidance from COP of UNFCCC
• Supported further development of:
– Least Developed Countries Fund (LDCF)
– Special Climate Change Fund (SCCF)
– Strategic Priority for Adaptation (SPA)
• Funding: provided $270m for adaptation through LDCF,
SCCF, and SPA
• GEFSEC Serves as Secretariat for Adaptation Fund
Board (Kyoto Protocol)
GEF International Waters Ecosystem-Based Approach
to Management of LMEs at Multiple Scales
• Across LMEs in Region (Alternatives to Shrimp Trawling-FAO &
Oceanic Fisheries/Tuna UNDP/FFA/WCPFC)
• Large Marine Ecosystem Scale ( South China
Sea LME-UNEP)
• Coastal Municipality/Provincial ICM scale
(Da Nang, Vietnam - UNDP PEMSEA)
• River Basin Linkage Scale (GPA Mekong River
Basin/delta - World Bank)
• Local Community-based Demo Sites (Phu Quoc Fish Refugia
Vietnam- UNEP)
GEF IWLEARN.net is being updated
Please read the draft GEF 5 IW Strategy
Let us know your thoughts: what do your
countries need to cope with climatic
variability? What can your project do to help?
How can GEF help you?