Transcript ppt - Vula
EGS1003: Section on International Environmental Justice and the Climate Change Challenge Mary Lawhon ([email protected]) This work by Mary Lawhon is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. To some extent, there is a general agreement that carbon markets are one way through which to respond to climate change This is intentionally a very vague sentence! So, how do we do this? (the following slides are based on a synthesis of Bond 2010, 2011, and Lohman 2006) Efficient ◦ Costs can be shared internationally ◦ The best technologies will succeed Fair ◦ Not about government deciding who gets what, but based on willingness to pay Tried & tested ◦ There are precedents for market-based (environmental) regulation Based on ecological modernization Clean Environment is Good for Business Environmental protection is a source of economic growth Green products are a new market By Sean Wilson/ SEI By Sean Wilson/ SEI Proper incentives Reconceptualisation by business & govt & society North should transfer technology to South for environmental protection Powerful public commitment to science Strong environmental consciousness Rights and assets worth billions of dollars were created by Kyoto Eventually these rights get taken away to reduce carbon emissions Who gets these property rights? And how do they get them? How to we measure/enforce? Property conjured up by regulation Dependent, even more than ordinary private property is, on: ◦ a centralised, complex system of government control ◦ belief/assurance in the rights that go with the property (that it won’t be taken away) Theoretically: creates an incentive for new investments in technologies In practice, much of the costs are simply passed on to consumers (with companies making profits) There is now a growing interest- from politicians as well as business- in developing carbon markets But for whose benefit? And with what impact for the climate? And the poor? Lohman, Larry. 2006. Carbon Trading: A Critical Conversation on Climate Change, Privatisation and Power. The Corner House. http://www.dhf.uu.se/pdffiler/DD2006_48_carbon_trading/carbon_trading_web.pd f