Transcript No Slide Title

CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
European Climate Change
Programme: legislative action
fluorinated gases
Phil Callaghan
European Commission
DG ENV.E.1
1
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
Overview
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
• EU commitments under Kyoto Protocol
• European Climate Change Programme consultation and implementation
• Proposal for legislation on fluorinated gases
2
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
Kyoto commitments
• EU has legally-binding target to reduce
greenhouse gases by 8% below 1990 levels
by 2008-2012
• Member States have national legallybinding targets: some have cuts, some
freeze emissions and some can increase
emissions
• Spain can increase emissions 15%
3
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
EC progress 2000:
total emissions
120
Index
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
110
100.0
100
99.5
96.5
90
92.0
80
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
Greenhouse gas emissions
Target path 2010
GHG target 2010
CO2 emissions
2010
2012
CO2 target 2000
4
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
EC progress 2000:
member states
Spain
26.2
Ireland
17.5
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
Portugal
16.6
Belgium
10.0
Austria
9.2
Denmark
8.8
Greece
8.7
Italy
7.2
Netherlands
5.6
-1.7
France
-3.9
Sweden
-4.1
Finland
United Kingdom
-6.7
Germany
Luxembourg
-8.6
-31.1
0.5
EU-15
-40.0
-30.0
-20.0
-10.0
0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
5
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
Projected Progress: 2012
• Without additional measures at Community
and Member State level greenhouse gas
emissions will increase by about 1% (on 1990
levels), instead of declining by 8%
• Which is why the Commission launched the
European Climate Change Programme in 2000
6
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
European Climate Change
Programme
(ECCP)
• Objective: how to reach -8% target (340 Mt
CO2 eq) cost-effectively?
• Multi-stakeholder process: working groups
with Member States, industry and NGOs
• The ECCP reports provide the basis for the
Commission to develop legislative and other
proposals
7
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
ECCP: summary of results
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
• Some 40 cost-effective policies and measures
with an emission reduction potential of some
664 - 765 Mt CO2 eq (± twice EU target)
• Overall costs for EU target in 2010:
3.7 € bn / 0.06 % of EU GDP
hypothesis : maximum cost - effectiveness
(EU/MS)
8
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
ECCP: reduction potential in
2010
Marginal cost
€20/tCO2 eq
Emissions
1990 or 95
Mt CO2
equivalent
1422
Baseline
emissions for
2010 with
existing
measures
-6%
Cost-effective
potential beyond
baseline
projection for
2010
-13%
Energy sector
Industry
Transport
Households
Services
Agriculture
Waste
Total
757
753
447
176
417
166
4138
-9%
31%
0%
14%
-5%
-18%
1%
-12%
-4%
-6%
-15%
-4%
-13%
-9%
9
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
ECCP:implementation of first
phase
• Communication on the ECCP in October
2001 sets out the key measures for the
implementation strategy
• Includes proposal for legislative action on
fluorinated gases
10
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
ECCP: working group
recommendations
• clear statement on importance of reducing
fluorinated gas emissions
• regulatory framework to improve
containment and monitoring of fluorinated
gases
• promotion of appropriate alternative
technologies
• improve knowledge of different technology
choices
11
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
Fluorinated gases:emissions
• Emissions about 65 million tonnes carbon
dioxide equivalent in 1995 (2% of total
emissions)
• Forecast to increase to around 98 million
tonnes carbon dioxide equivalent in 2010
(2-4% total emissions)
• Increase explained by phase-out of ODS
12
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
Emissions by sector 2010
• Emissions increase 50% 1995 to 2010
• Emissions will be 98MTCO2 eq. or 4% total EU
GHG emissions 2010
• Main sources of emissions:
Industrial emissions
Refrigeration & a/c
Mobile a/c
Foams
Solvents
Aerosols
= 14 MTCO2 eq. (IPPC)
= 21 MTCO2 eq.
= 15 MTCO2 eq.
= 9 MTCO2 eq.
= 8 MTCO2 eq.
= 5/7 MTCO2 eq.
13
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
Outline of Commission proposal
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
Commission proposal will address 3 aspects:
1. Containment
2. Data reporting
3. Use controls
14
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
Approach
• Put in place cost-effective legislative
framework across EU
• Consistent policy for all economic
enterprises
• Workable and flexible to take account of
national and sectoral circumstances
• After considering all options have decided
to promote separate new EC Regulation
15
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
Containment
• Recovery - mandatory for most equipment
• Recycling or destruction - mandatory
• Disposable containers - banned except for
medical and laboratory uses
• Annual inspection for leakage - mandatory
• Duty on users to minimise leakage
• Minimum qualifications - set by MS
16
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
Data reporting
•
•
•
•
•
Data reported to Commission
Production
Imports
Exports
Uses
17
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
Use bans
• Early bans - based on ECCP report
• Establish criteria for future bans
- safety and health
- cost-effectiveness
- technical feasibility
• Management Committee to consider future
bans and derogations
18
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
Cost benefit analysis (1)
• Containment Study - Enviros
• Analysis based upon Netherlands
Regulations (STEK) and further scenario
based upon 2037/2000
• EU + Member State + Sector level
• Final report in November 2002
• EC STEK = 15 MTCO2 eq./€24.5 TCO2
eq.in 2010
19
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
Cost benefit analysis(2)
• Data Reporting and Use Bans Study Ecofys
• EU + Member State + Sector level
• Interim report early September 2002
• Final report November 2002
• EC bans = 6 MTCO2 eq./€0 TCO2 eq. in
2010
20
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
CLIMATE CHANGE UNIT
Consultation and timetable
• Ongoing - working group continues to meet
(May, June and September)
• December - DG ENV begins to draft
legislation and explanatory memorandum
• Commission adopts proposal Spring 2003
21