Transcript SDC V&A PROGRAMME - InsPIRE Network for Environment

ENHANCING ADAPTIVE CAPACITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE
IN SEMI-ARID REGIONS OF INDIA
An International Workshop on
Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change:
From Practice to Policy
May 11-12, 2006
New Delhi, India
Dr. N. Sai Bhaskar Reddy
12th May ‘06
BASIC Project, India Workshop
1
Project
“VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT AND ENHANSING ADAPTIVE
CAPACITY TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN SEMI-ARID AREAS OF INDIA”
V & A
P R O G R A M M E
Supported by : Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC),
Global Environment Facility (GEF)
Duration: 4 years (2005 to 2009)
Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan States
Institutional set-up
National consortium lead
Lead partner is MSSRF
Co-partners are AFPRO and MANAGE
International consortium support services
INFRAS and INTERCOOPERATION Switzerland
12th May ‘06
BASIC Project, India Workshop
2
Semi-arid regions ?
• These climates are
characterized by the fact
that precipitation is less
than potential
evapotranspiration.
• Characterized by
relatively low annual
rainfall of 25 to 60
centimeters and having
scrubby vegetation with
short, coarse grasses; not
completely arid.
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
3
Why semi-arid area was chosen ?
• Climate extremes are an
expected characteristic of semiarid lands.
• The people living in the semi-arid
areas are particularly vulnerable
to droughts, which trigger
frequent subsistence crises -sharply increasing crop
failures, dislocation, famine,
poverty, increases stratification
and the social inequities.
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
4
Peoples Voices
Increase in migration in our village
is due to lack of rains, the
agricultural labor are migrating to
urban areas.
- Mr. Balaram Reddy, Karimnagar
People are shifting out of agriculture
and taking up other means of
livelihood activities due to lack of
water. In this context food security
has become another important issue
- Mr. Sheshagiri Rao, Bharat
Krishak Samaj Mahabubnagar
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
5
Enhancing Adaptive capacity
1. The general ability of institutions,
systems, and individuals to adjust
to potential damage, to take
advantage of opportunities, or to
cope with the consequences.
2. Most populations know from local
history the frequency and likely
consequences of extreme climatic
events. And most populations in
highly variable or extreme climatic
zones shape their livelihood
systems to buffer against potential
catastrophes.
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
6
Internal
measures
Mitigation
(Kyoto Protocol)
Joint Implementation
Flexible
mechanisms
UNFCCC
International Emissions Trading
Clean Development Mechanism
Step I: Assessment of impacts and vulnerability
Adaptation
Step II: Capacity building
Step III: Adaptation measures
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
7
The process of adaptation
At the appropriated level
Preparation (incl.
training/training needs
evaluation)
Vulnerability
assessment
12th May ‘06
Implementation of
adaptation
measures
Basic Project, India Workshop
8
Objectives of Policy and Advocacy
• To foster dialogue and
improve communication
between all kind of
interfaces in order to
better address climate
changes.
• Agree with partners on
a common conceptual
framework regarding
the way forward.
• To ensure bottom-up
linkages through policy
dialogue at national and
international level .
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
9
•
Nationally support process
that would influence the
systems within the
government, through
dialogue on a meaningful
platform
•
Internationally support
process which would lead
to simplification of protocols
and mechanisms in favor of
the poor
•
Support to partners for
documenting best practices
/cases to influence policies
12th May ‘06
BASIC Project, India Workshop
10
Intervention areas
International Policy dialogue, networking
and
subregional
Phases and possible activities
Inception
Implementation
Outreach
Contribution to and par- > UNDP-GEF 2nd National
ticipation in internatio- Communication Process
nal V&A workshops
> Link with GEF projects
(UNDP, UNFCCC, etc.)
in the region
National
Policy dialogue and assessment of vulnerabilities and
coping mechanisms and capacities
> Dialogue with MoEF,
MoA
> Developing an adaptation framework
State
Developing adapted tools
and methods for V&A
assessment
> Vulnerability "atlas"
> Innovative extension
and communication
approaches
Local,
community
Optimized delivery systems
(extension services) for sustainable livelihood systems
with focus on water, agriculture and rural energy
12th May ‘06
> Documentation of exi- > Barrier appraisal and
sting delivery systems, identification of imsituation analysis,
proved delivery systems
> Documentation of exi- > Awareness and capasting tools,
city building
technologies, approaches > Pilot activities, action
to enhance adaptive
learning
Basic Project, India Workshop
Translating action learning results into policy dialogue
Levels
11
Policy and Advocacy - Process
Other national and international partners for selected activities
SDC - Steering and trust management
National Level
Steering Committee
–GOI (Agriculture and MoEF), NGOs, Research Institutions, SDC, other
donors, etc.
State Level
Advisory Committees (for Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan States)
–GoAP, NGOs, Research Institutions, District Collector, etc.
National Forum on Advocacy
Vulnerability Atlas by MSSRF
A Website for sharing the learning’s
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
12
V & A Programme - Goal
To secure the livelihoods
of rural poor & vulnerable
communities by promoting
adoption measures that
builds & enhance their
capacity to better cope with
adverse impacts of climate
change & by promoting
their disaster preparedness
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
13
Project Objectives
• To build community level
capacities with regards to best
practices and technologies in the
agriculture, water & energy
sector
• To optimize the service delivery
system & services at selected
sites of AP & Raj
• To promote policy dialogue, &
advocacy at different levels
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
14
Salient features of the V & A
Programme
• Process oriented, allowing a multi-level,
learning-action-reflection cycle
• Holistic approach (funds, functionaries and
functions): systemic livelihoods
• Interlinking levels: community level with
state, national, regional, and international
level
• Focus on ‘optimising delivery systems' at
local community level, i.e. the role of
extension services in enhancing the coping
capacity of local liveli-hood systems against
the adverse impacts of climate change.
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
15
Thematic Focus
Agriculture
(Food Security)
Water
(Availability &
Quality)
Rural Energy
(Biomass)
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
16
Field level interventions
ACTIVITY
CAPACITY
BUILDING
RESEARCH
FACILITATION
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
17
Duration/Period:
• 2005: Inception phase:
– Finalise work plan, plan activities, start first
activities
• 2006-2007: Implementation phase
– Research, action learning, pilot activities at
community level,
• 2008: Outreach & dissemination phase
– Translate action learning and pilot activity results
into policy dialogue.
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
18
Scope of Activities
• Research
• Capacity Building
• Partnership
Building
• Infrastructure
Building
• Demonstration of
relevant
ideas/technologies
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
19
Research
Documentation of
Best Practices
Review of
Institutional
Functions,
Policies
Research
Situational
Analysis
12th May ‘06
Vulnerability
Profile
Knowledge
Gaps
Appropriate
technologies
Basic Project, India Workshop
20
Capacity Building
Training
• Institutional
Level
• Community
Level
Education
• Awareness
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
21
V & A Programme
Andhra Pradesh
Mahabubnagar
District
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
22
DISTRICT PROFILE
1. Geographical area
: 18.45 Lakhs Ha.
2. Population : Male
: 17.81 Lakhs
: Female : 17.28 Lakhs
: Total
: 35.09 Lakhs
3. Literacy
: 38.67%
4. Forest area
: 16%
5. Rainfall (Normal)
: 604 m.m.
6. Cattle population
: 19.10 Lakh Cow Units
7. All the blocks are declared as Drought Prone
Areas
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
23
12th
0
May ‘06
5152
5253
5354
5455
5556
5657
5758
5859
5960
6061
6162
6263
6364
6465
6566
6667
6768
6869
6970
7071
7172
7273
7374
7475
7576
7677
7778
7879
7980
8081
8182
8283
8384
8485
8586
8687
8788
8889
8990
9091
9192
9293
9394
9495
9596
9697
9798
9899
9900
0001
0102
0203
0304
0405
0506
0607
0708
0809
0910
1011
1112
1213
1314
Rainfall Mahaboonagar District 1952-2003
1300
1200
1100
1000
y = -4.6207x + 851.14
R2 = 0.1374
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
Basic Project, India Workshop
24
CAUSE OF DROUGHT SITUATION
• Skewed distribution of
rainfall – 40% deficit
from June-August which
is the sowing season
• Depletion of ground
water situation
• Untimely heavy rains
during Sept – Oct
affects the crops
• Lack of Rainfall during
November-December
adversely affects Rabi
sowings
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
25
LIVELIHOODS
 Low productivity of lands and small land holdings leading
to disguised unemployment, increasing the vulnerability.
 The district is traditionally known for its migrant laborers
one of the important causes are:
Non-sustainable traditional occupations
 Wage rates are low and also women are paid less
than men.
About 1.75 lakhs small farmers and 2.94 marginal
farmers are dependent on wage employment.
About 3.20 lakhs agricultural laborers who are below
poverty line are also dependent on agricultural wage
employment.



12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
26
Activities at Village level
• Situational Analysis Phase – I
report of Andhra Pradesh is
prepared.
• Situational Analysis Phase – II
Secondary Data
Best Practices / Story lines
Participatory Situational Analysis
Bio-physical Studies
Participatory Action Plan
Capacity Building
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
27
Framework for situation analysis
Policies/Structures
Vulnerability
Adaptability
Rural Poverty
Livelihoods Diversification
Community Empowerment
Energy
Bio Diversity
Agriculture Production
Water Resources
Climate Change
Appropriate Skills
Water Management
SCENARIO 1
12th May ‘06
Human / Social
Natural
/ Environmental / Physical
Basic Project, India Workshop
Economic / Political
28
Village level Awareness Campaigns
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
29
Participatory Action Planning
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
30
Exposure / Awareness - Farmers
•
Exposure and awareness field
visits - Farmers, Women and youth
Sustainable Agricultural Practices,
agricultural implements, farm
animals, kitchen gardens, food
processing, non-farm livelihood
options, Agro-meteorology
information, agri-buisness, agriclinics, non-farm based livelihoods,
etc
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
31
Water Management action plan with
community participation
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
32
Soil testing by village youth
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
33
Home Gardens
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
34
Good Stoves – Community participation in design and adaptation
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
35
Good Stove Design
www.bioenergylists.org
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
36
Low-Cost Wood Gas Stoves designed
with community participation
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
37
Village Knowledge Centers
Information
Knowledge
(Locale Specific and Demand Driven)
VHF
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
38
Establishment of Automatic Weather
Stations in the Project Villages
12th May ‘06
Basic Project, India Workshop
39
Thank
12th May ‘06
you .
Basic Project, India Workshop
.
40