Transcript Lecture 0

Instructor Anthony Johnson
Course Music 100
INTRODUCTION TO MUSIC
TIME & PITCH
MUSIC FUNDAMENTALS:
LISTENING
How to listen to music
What mood does each piece create?
What makes the pieces different from one another?
Pitch
Dynamics
Tone color
Scales
Rhythm
Meter
Tempo
Melody
Texture
Modulation
Instrumentation
form
How did this compare to how you normally
listen to music?
MUSIC: RHYTHM, METER,
TEMPO

Rhythm
 The way music unfolds in a given time frame, within a measure or bar.
 It is the main driving force in music both in popular and classical music over all cultures.
 It is the actual arrangement of durations referring to long and short notes in the context of
melody and harmony.
 Important to note that no other sport or art form deals with this concept as critically and as
refined as music

Beat
 This is the basic unit of measurement for time in music.(Ex. Marching Band Drum Line)
 These are the regular occurring pulses you feel when listening to, or performing music.
 Accents
 The strong and weak feeling beats within a piece of music.
 Simply put it is an organizational tool to keep music within a given pattern.
MUSIC: RHYTHM, METER,
TEMPO

Meter




The recurring patterns of strong and weak beats.
This is a pattern that is repeated over and over throughout the music.
It is the actual arrangement of durations referring to long and short notes in the context of
melody and harmony.
Important to note that no other sport or art form deals with this concept as critically and as
refined as music
 Different types of meter.
 Duple meter
 Grouped in twos, most likely heard in a march.
 Triple Meter
 Grouped in threes, the best example is the Star Spangled Banner
 Simple Meter
 This is when the main beats are divided in twos.
 Compound Meter
 This is when the main beats are divided in threes. This may have 2 or 3 min
beats with 6 or 9 quicker ones.
MUSIC: RHYTHM, METER,
TEMPO
 Rhythm and Meter
 As you now know rhythm refers to the time aspect of
music more specifically how long and short notes are
arranged within a musical passage
 Meter is the regular background against what all music is
set.
 Most of the time the two work co-dependently but in some
cases such as Gregorian chant they may work independently
in what is called non-metrical music where no underlying
pattern is discernable
MUSIC: RHYTHM, METER, TEMPO
 Syncopation
 Accents are displaced they are not where you might expect them to
be. Not on one but on two maybe four. So now we get strong
accents on weird beats.(Ex. Maple Leaf Rag Listen CD Tr. 10)
MUSIC: RHYTHM, METER, TEMPO
 Tempo
 The speed in which the music moves.
 The rate in which the basic beats follow on another.
 Measuring Tempo
 Measured by a machine called a metronome. When composers
give directions they give what is called a metronome marking,
which refers to the speed of the beat. They are designated in the
following terms. They can also be designated by a number such
as 60.(Ex. Rhapsody on a Theme Listen CD Tr. 11)
MUSIC: RHYTHM, METER, TEMPO
 Common Tempo Indications
 Adagio
 Slow
 Andante
 Medium Slow or walking speed
 Moderato
 Moderate
 Allegretto
 On the fast side, not to fast
 Allegro
 Fast
 Presto
 Very fast
MUSIC: RHYTHM, METER, TEMPO
 Less Common Tempo Indications
 Largo, Lento, Grave
 Slow, Very slow
 Larghetto
 Slightly faster than largo
 Andantino
 Little faster than andante
 Vivce, Vivo
 Lively
 Molto Allegro
 Faster than allegro
 prestissimo
 As fast as possible
QUESTIONS & DISCUSSION
Music is defined as the art of what?
How is musical timed measured?
The definition of rhythm as a general term is the?
What is an example of nonmetrical music?
Placement of accents away from their normal stresses is known as what?