Transcript Presentation Title - International Policy Council

Stefan Tangermann
Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development
Presented by Ellen Terpstra, IPC
Agriculture and Food Security:
Ideas for the Multilateral Trading System
Beyond Bali
E15 Initiative "Strengthening the Multilateral Trading System"
Agriculture needs the multilateral system
• Uruguay Round was historical breakthrough on
agriculture
• Further progress is needed to make best use of
scarce resources to feed growing world population
• Ongoing Doha negotiations, including
achievements in Bali, are crucially important
– market access
– domestic support
– export competition
Stefan Tangermann, University of Göttingen
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New challenges of 21st century: markets
• Food markets: from
demand constrained
to supply constrained
2005 US $ per tonne
wheat price in international trade
700
600
500
400
300
• Use of agricultural
commodities for
bioenergy
200
100
historical
projected
0
• Dramatic price volatility
• Climate change impacts on food production
• Growing market share of developing countries
Stefan Tangermann, University of Göttingen
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New challenges of 21st century: policies
• Changes in agricultural policy regimes of major
countries
• Policies addressing climate change and
environmental issues
• Experiences with implementing AoA
• Spread of RTAs
Stefan Tangermann, University of Göttingen
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Ideas considered focus on ...
• Contributions the trading system can make to
– improving food security
– sustainable agricultural development
– strengthening well-functioning markets
– promoting transparency
• Three time horizons
– short term
– medium term
– longer term
Stefan Tangermann, University of Göttingen
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Ideas: short term
Food Security – new instrument of financial solidarity
• all developed and emerging countries make financial support available,
in proportion to their overall trade-distorting domestic support (OTDS),
for projects to improve food security in poor countries
Export restrictions
• more transparency, consultations
• exclusion from export restrictions of food aid for countries in
emergency
Transparency regarding support to biofuels
Improved monitoring and surveillance under AoA
More assistance to developing countries regarding SPS measures (e.g.
Standards and Trade Development Facility)
Stefan Tangermann, University of Göttingen
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Ideas: medium term
Rules on export taxes
Further development of green box rules
Improved transparency of SPS measures
Treatment of agriculture in RTAs
Stefan Tangermann, University of Göttingen
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Ideas: longer term
Disciplines on support for biofuels
Incentives for compliance with monitoring rules
Green box focus on public goods
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Ideas: international co-operation
to improve food security
Work towards more market transparency, including
stock levels
Assistance for (small, targeted) emergency reserves
Assistance for establishment and financing of social
safety nets
Assistance for raising agricultural productivity in
developing countries
Stefan Tangermann, University of Göttingen
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Conclusions
• World agriculture and food system faces new
challenges
• Improving food security is crucial
• Importance of Doha negotiations on agriculture
(including progress in Bali) has become even more
obvious
• There is low hanging fruit that can be picked early
... but also more demanding business
Stefan Tangermann, University of Göttingen
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E-15 Participants
Stefan TANGERMANN , Theme Leader, University of Göttingen
Ricardo MELÉNDEZ ORTIZ, Convener, Chief Executive, ICTSD
Miguel RODRIGUEZ MENDZOA, Convener, Senior Associate, ICTSD
Ellen TERPSTRA, Co-Convener, President, IPC
Christophe BELLMANN ,Group Manager, Programmes Director, ICTSD
Manzoor AHMAD, Senior Fellow, ICTSD
Ken Ash, Director for Trade and Agriculture, OECD
Lara Birkes, ICTSD Senior Fellow
David BLANDFORD, Professor, Penn State University
Bipul CHATTERJEE, Consumer Unity & Trust Society
Pedro DE CAMARGO NETO, Brazilian Pork Industry and Exporter Association
Eugenio DIAZ BONILLA, IFPRI
Christian HAEBERLI, Senior Research Fellow, WTI 44
Nicolas IMBODEN, Partner and Co-Founder, IDEAS Centre
Sebastien JEAN, Scientific Advisor, CEPII
Tim JOSLING, Freeman Spogli Institute, Stanford University
Willem-Jan LAAN, Director, Global External Affairs, Unilever
Stephen MBITHI MWIKYA, Fresh Producers Exporters
Association of Kenya
Seth MEYER, Economist, Food and Agriculture Organization
Raul Montemayor, Federation of Free Farmers Cooperatives
Sophia MURPHY, Institute for Agricultural Trade Policy (IATP)
Hongxing NI, Agricultural Trade Promotion Centre, China
Herbert OBERHAENSLI, Nestle
Carlos PéREZ DEL CASTILLO Chair of the Consortium Board,
CGIAR Centres
Stefan Tangermann, University of Göttingen
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