Transcript Prezentacja programu PowerPoint

Facilitation of climate policy
in CEE and Turkey
for the post 2012 period
Session 2:
Regional Opportunities for CEE and Turkey
Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities
for the region/inputs from G20 process
BUDAPEST,
MARCH, 13 – 14 2008
Maria Kłokocka
Head of Division
of Climate Protection and Ecological Conventions
Ministry of the Environment,
POLAND
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Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities
for the region/inputs from G20 process
UNITED NATIONS FRAMEWORK CONVENTION
ON CLIMATE CHANGE
COP 14 - The Conference of the Parties and
CMP 4 - Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting
of the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol
POZNAN 2008 POLAND
1 - 12 December Poznań Climate Conference UNFCCC
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
2
Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities
for the region/inputs from G20 process
Planning the agenda for the COP 14 and CMP 4
The main bodies
COP 14 - The Conference of the Parties,
CMP 4 - Conference of the Parties serving as the meeting of
the Parties to the Kyoto Protocol
Subsidiary bodies:
SBSTA 29 - The Subsidiary Body for Scientific and
Technological Advice (SBSTA)
SBI 29 - The Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI)
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
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Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
Subsidiary bodies (2):
AWG - KP 6 (resumed)
The Ad Hoc Working Group of Further Commitments for
Annex I Parties under the Kyoto Protocol (AWG-KP) further
commitments for Annex I Parties to the Kyoto Protocol
beyond 2012.
AWG - LCA 3
The Ad hoc Working Group on Long-term Cooperative Action
under the Convention (AWG-LCA) - the aim of completing the
work by 2009.
The scenario for the Poznan Conference
will be considered by SBI 28.
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
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Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
Future processes/long term cooperative action under
Convention
“Bali Roadmap” - decision 1/CP.13, referred to as the Bali
Action Plan (BAP), the Parties inter alia agreed to launch a
comprehensive process to enable
‘the full, effective and sustained implementation of the
Convention through long-term cooperative action, now, up to and
beyond 2012’.
The process shall be conducted under a subsidiary body called
the
‘Ad-hoc Working Group on Long-term Cooperative
Action’ under the Convention, (AWG-LCA) which is
expected to reach an ‘agreed outcome’ at COP 15 in
Copenhagen, Denmark.
As agreed in Bali, a
progress report on the work of the AWG LCA will be submitted to COP 14.
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
5
Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
The AWG - LCA
first session in Bangkok
from 31 March to 4 April
to develop its work programme and
adopt other measures related to its
mandate.
Two additional meetings simultaneously
with sessions of the AWG-KP
June and August/September
Fourth session - in Poznan
during COP 14.
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
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Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
The role of Poznań
- Demonstrate the continuing focused engagement of the global
community in the Bali Roadmap process
- Mark the turning point in accelerating and building momentum in
the road to COP15 agreement
- Parallel elaboration and implementation of buildings blocks of BAP,
AWG KP work programme and KP review under art.9 as well as
other ongoing issues
Work to be done in brief:
1. workshops and sessions during 2008 (agreed elements in building
the future commitments).
2. building blocks (all ideas can formally be introduced, clarified and
discussed)
3. Sum up the key outcomes from other relevant high level climate
change meetings, especially G8, Major Economies Meeting and the
UN Secretary General thematic debate, for further consideration on
the UNFCCC and KP forum.
4. Clarify as much as possible the structure of the 2009 agreement.
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
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Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
Possible deliverables of Poznań cont.
- Ministerial Political declaration that a framework
agreement be finally reached in 2009;
- Progress on key elements AWG LCA: shared vision,
Mitigation, Adaptation, Technology and Finance
- (draft) Agreement on long-term goal and shared vision?
- Progress in AWG KP
- Decision resulting from the KP review under Art. 9
Key issues for COP 14/CMP 4 in Poznań.
- The transition COP between Bali and Copenhagen,
- COP 14 - expected to be a milestone towards
Copenhagen global agreement,
- Some decisions to take on most advanced key issues
- Consideration of Poznan Acion Plan?
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
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Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
Potential objectives for Poznan
four action areas at COP 14/CMP 4
(1) Mitigation
The objectives are to:
- Clarify options for sectoral approaches;
- Reach agreement in principle on the means
available to Annex I Parties to meet their mitigation
targets (including changes to existing mechanisms,
rules and methodologies applied);
and
- Develop agreement on the main policy approaches
for deforestation, forest degradation and forest
conservation.
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
9
Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
Potential objectives for Poznan
four action areas at COP 14/CMP 4
(2) Adaptation
The goals are:
> Agree broad objectives and targets relating
to adaptation;
> Establish the basis for the modalities for
national frameworks for adaptation;
> Identify what support and enabling
mechanisms need to be negotiated and included
in the agreed outcome in Copenhagen; and
> Identify ways to mobilise additional financial
resources for adaptation, including innovative
financing
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
10
Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
Potential objectives for Poznan
four action areas at COP 14/CMP 4
(3) Technology
The objectives are to:
> Identify options for technology transfer mechanisms
and assess their effectiveness;
> progress in the technical work of the EGTT to
inform negotiations on technology;
> progress in the elaboration of the strategic
programme of the GEF to scale up the level of
investment on technology transfer;
> Identify potential actions in the area of technology
research and development;
> Identify financing needs and mechanisms ;
> Identify actions to accelerate deployment and
diffusion of available technological solutions (e.g.
technology targets, technology roadmaps);
and
> Mobilise the private sector and UN/IGOs in the area
of technology and define specific areas
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
11
Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
Potential objectives for Poznan
four action areas at COP 14/CMP 4
(4) Finance
The objectives are to:
> Initiate negotiations on the future of the
CDM and JI and on the development of new
market-based mechanisms;
> Undertake the review of the Financial
Mechanisms and
> Develop common understanding among
Parties on the financial architecture needed
to sufficiently broaden the revenue base of
mechanisms supporting mitigation
and adaptation.
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
12
Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
On-going issues (1)
! Adaptation
Negotiations on the second phase of the of the Nairobi Work Programme
on Impacts, Vulnerability and Adaptation to Climate Change will
commence at SBSTA 28 (in June) and will conclude at COP 14.
! Adaptation Fund
Bali - decision to establish institutional arrangements to operationalize
the Adaptation Fund. The first report of the Adaptation Fund Board will
be made in Poznan.
! Development and transfer of technology
Progress by the EGTT will be important.
! Reducing emissions from deforestation in developing
countries
Deforestation, forest degradation and forest conservation - the issues
will continue to be part of the negotiations in Poznan.
! Fourth Review of the Financial Mechanism of the Convention
COP 14 - a review of the Convention’s financial mechanism, of which the
GEF is an operating entity.
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
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Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
On-going issues (2)
! Second review of the Kyoto Protocol pursuant to
its Article 9 Decision 7/CMP.2 .
The second review of the Kyoto Protocol at CMP 4 in Poznan and
should focus on:
1. Implementation by Parties included in Annex I to the
Convention (Annex I Parties) of their commitments under the
Kyoto Protocol.
2. Architectural aspects of the Protocol.
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
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Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
ad 1 - Implementation by Annex I Parties to the Convention
of their commitments under the Kyoto Protocol.
(a) Effectiveness in reducing GHG to date, in particular to achieve
emissions limitation or reduction commitments;
(b) Effectiveness of the flexibility mechanism in the meeting targets
of Annex I Parties, in particular regarding the clean development
mechanism (CDM);
(c) The provision of financial resources;
(d) Capacity-building;
(e) Technology transfer.
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
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Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
Ad 2 - Architectural aspects of the Protocol.
The role of the Kyoto Protocol In meeting the ultimate objective of the Convention;
The nature of commitments under the Kyoto Protocol including alternatives for their formulation;
The scope of Annex A to the Kyoto Protocol, including the treatment of emission from
international aviation and maritime transport;
The rules that govern the treatment of LULUCF, noting that related provisions have been agreed
only for the first commitment period of the Protocol;
Existing annexes and procedures for amending these, including the simplification of procedures
for Parties to be included in Annex B to the Kyoto Protocol;
The scope for, and effectiveness of, the flexibility mechanisms (CDM, JI and emission trading),
with the view to their enhancement, strengthening and scale up;
Provision on adaptation with a view to securing adequate and predictable resources to enhance
the capacity of developing countries, in particular the most vulnerable, to adapt to climate
change;
Privileges and immunities with a view to ensuring that members of constituted bodies are
adequately protected from claims before national courts in relation to the exercise of their
official functions.
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
16
Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
On-going issues (3)
! Capacity Building
Decision 2/CP.7 - comprehensive review of
the implementation of the framework for capacity building
in developing countries.
The next review - in Copenhagen.
Need for its closer linkage to the AWG-LCA
process.
It will be important politically to have a
positive outcome from the review of the CB
framework in Poznan (if so decided)
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
17
Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
Decision 3/CP.7
“Framework for capacity building in EITs, including
scope of activities”
Objective:
To build the capacity of EIT Parties to enable them to
effectively implement the objective of the Convention and for their
participation in the Kyoto Protocol
Capacity building must be country-driven, be consistent with their
national sustainable development strategies, reflect national
initiatives and national priorities
Must be primarily undertaken by and in EIT Parties in partnership
with others
Should contribute to the effective implementation of the Convention
by EIT Parties and the Kyoto Protocol
Should be results-oriented and implemented in an integrated and
programmatic manner to facilitate its monitoring and evaluation,
cost-effectiveness and efficiency;
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
18
Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
Scope and Priority List of Activities
from decision 3/CP.7
- National greenhouse gas (GHG) inventories;
- Projections of GHG emissions;
- Policies and measures, and the estimation of their effects;
- Impact assessment and adaptation;
- Research and systematic observation;
- Education, training and public awareness;
- Transfer of environmentally sound technologies;
- National communications and national climate action plans;
- National systems for estimation of GHG emissions;
- Modalities for accounting relating to targets, timetables and
national registries;
- Reporting obligations;
- Joint implementation projects and emissions trading.
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
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Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
For EITs, decision 3/CP.10 acknowledged
following key challenges:
- Insufficient financial and human resources;
- Need for capacity to be sustainable;
- Lack of active stakeholder participation;
- Need for increasing support from key decision
makers;
and
-
Integration of climate change policy into
national/sectoral policies.
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
20
Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
! Capacity Building for technology
transfer
- Establishment and and development of in-country
networking dialogue on technology needs and capacity
gaps;
- Establishment of Technology Information Network to
enable access to, and discussion of, adaptation and
other environmentally sound technologies including
mitigation;
- Establishment of academic programmes in relevant
and regional institutions;
- Institutional strengthening, training and education
- Cooperation in region
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
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Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
! Capacity Building for adaptation
-
More researches on better climate scenario,
- Dissemination of study reports;
- Development of adaptation project guidelines;
- Capacity - enhancement to address the impact of and
adaptation to climate change;
- Establishment of academic programmes in relevant
and regional institutions;
- Identification and promotion of traditional knowledge,
skills and practices which enhance adaptation;
- Institutional strengthening, training and education
- Cooperation in region
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
22
Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
! Education, training and public
awareness raising on climate change
-
Development toolkits for all levels (youths,
comunities, project managers, policy makers);
- Development of public awareness programmes;
- Learning from others; best practices, solutions,
lessons etc.
- In-country networking dialogue on public awareness
raising on climate change
- Cooperation in region
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
23
Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
Key factors:
- Enhance enabling environments;
- Improve information sharing;
- Enhance training, education& public awareness;
- Enhance national coordination and institutional
capacities;
- Improve negotiating effectiveness in the Convention
as well as KP;
- Cooperation in region;
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
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Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
REGIONAL PROBLEMS
- Awareness by decision makers;
- Assessment and use of potential of emission
reduction GHG;
- Decoupling economic growth from emission growth
(limits for economic development ?);
- Approaches to future obligations (national
circumstances and capacities);
- Long term emission reduction strategies;
- Problems with institutional arrangements;
- Limited resources and capacity;
- Communication barriers, data gaps;
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
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Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
WHAT CAN WE DO ?
- Strengthen institutional arrangements;
- Stakeholders participation;
- Best practices;
- Regional website role enhancement;
- Cooperation between regional experts;
- Development of climate change
awareness campaignes
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
26
Strategy toward COP14 and opportunities for the region/inputs from G20 process
THANK YOU
for your attention
More information:
Ministry of the Environment
Department of Global Environmental Issues and Climate
Change
POLAND
tel.: (+48 22) 5792 761
E-mail:
[email protected]
POLAND
Workshop
Facilitation of climate policy in CEE and Turkey for the post 2012 period
Budapest, March 13-14, 2008
27