Transcript Water information basis

Marine and coastal thematic
assessment for the EEA’s 2010 State of the
Environment report
Trine Christiansen (EEA)
What is SOER 2010?
Thematic assessments
Understanding climate change
SOER 2010
- Synthesis -
Mitigating climate change
Country assessments
Country profiles
National and regional stories
Adapting to climate change
Biodiversity
Common environmental themes
Land use
Climate change mitigation
Soil
Land use
Marine and coastal environment
Consumption and environment
Assessment of global
megatrends
Nature protection and biodiversity
Waste
Material resources and waste
Social megatrends
Freshwater
Water resources: quantity & flows
Technological megatrends
Air pollution
Freshwater quality
Economic megatrends
Air pollution
Environmental megatrends
Urban environment
Political megatrends
Each EEA member country (32) and
EEA cooperating country (6)
assessed all six environmental
themes above.
EEA member countries and seas covered
Thematic assessment
•
•
•
•
•
State of marine ecosystems and habitats
Climate change impacts
State and impacts of chemical pollution
Fisheries
Environmental impacts from shipping and
other maritime sectors
• Maritime Policy and the Marine Strategy
Framework Directive
Nature Conservation: The Habitats and Birds
Directives
Conservation status of habitats in
Marine ecosystems
10%
40%
30%
20%
Favourable
Unfav-Inad
Unfav-Bad
Unknow n
Fish (39)
FV
Invertebrates (6)
Unknown
U1
U2
Mammals (64)
Reptiles (12)
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Nutrient Enrichment: winter nitrogen
Baltic Sea
Sweden (32)
Open sea (67)
Belgium (16)
Denmark (13)
France (1)
Germany (24)
Netherlands (20)
Norway (8)
Sweden (10)
Open sea (81)
NE Atlantic
North Sea
Denmark (20)
Estonia (5)
Finland (93)
Germany (14)
Latvia (8)
Lithuania (13)
Poland (16)
United Kingdom (1)
Mediterranean
Levels
Trends 1985-2008
Croatia (13)
Greece (6)
Italy (2)
Open sea (0)
Ireland (85)
Open sea (35)
0%
20%
40%
60%
80% 100%
% of stations
Decrease
No trend
Increase
Nutrient Cocentrations: winter phosphate
NE Atlantic
North Sea
Baltic Sea
Trends 1985-2008
Mediterranean
Levels
Denmark (20)
Estonia (5)
Finland (93)
Germany (15)
Latvia (8)
Lithuania (13)
Poland (14)
Sweden (35)
Open sea (67)
Belgium (21)
Denmark (13)
France (1)
Germany (24)
Netherlands (20)
Norway (8)
Sweden (10)
Open sea (81)
France (3)
Ireland (85)
United Kingdom (1)
Open sea (35)
Croatia (13)
Greece (6)
Italy (2)
Open sea (0)
0%
20%
40%
60%
% of stations
Decrease
No trend
Increase
80%
100%
Chl-aconcentrations and trends in ocean color
Levels
Trends
State and trend of 7 hazardous chemicals
EU-27 catch
Status of fish stocks
Supply gap
Aquaculture production
2 00000 0
EU15 & EFTA
1 80000 0
EU7, EU2 & othe rs
1 60000 0
1 40000 0
s 1 20000 0
e
n
n
o
tn
o
it 1 00000 0
cu
d
o
rP
8000 00
6000 00
4000 00
2000 00
0
1990
1 991
19 92
1993
1994
1 995
199 6
1997
1998
19 99
Year
200 0
2001
2 002
20 03
2004
2005
2 006
200 7
2008
Shipping
Illegal operational oil
discharges
Accidental oilspills
160000
20
Oil spilt
Number of accidents
18
140000
Number of accidents (> 7 tonnes oil spilt)
Tonnes of oil split (for accidents >7 tonnes)
16
120000
14
100000
12
80000
10
8
60000
6
40000
4
20000
2
0
0
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Year
Source: German Federal Pollution Control Authority
Cummulative Installations
2500
2000
2000
Energy output (MW)
Energy output (MW)
Development of marine renewable energy
1500
1000
500
0
1991
1992
1993
1994
1991
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
Year
Cumul a tive Ins tal l a tions
Year
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2009
Sea level rise
Land cover change from 2000-06
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
1
-1
-2
-3
Artificial Areas
ArableLand
Pastures
Forested Land
Semi-natural
OpenSpaces
Wetlands
Water bodies
Sea surface temperature is increasing
• All European Seas are getting warmer
at the surface!
• Temperatures are increasing more
rapidly in Europe’s seas than globally.
•
Plankton are
shifting their
distributions
northward
due to
warmer
temperatures
•
Warm water
species are
increasingly
found in
Northerly
waters
New EU policy context: Ecosystem based
management
Coastal area
EU Integrated Maritime Policy, incl. CFP
Marine Strategy Framework Directive for the Protection
and Conservation of the
Marine Environment
Marine Protected Areas
(e.g. Natura2000)
Water Framework Directive
Cyclical approach of Marine Strategy
Framework Directive
6 year cycle
To be repeated every 6 years
Criteria for GES
• Published September 1, 2010
• 50+ new indicators for the marine
environment
• No inter regional agreement on how to
report
• Major activity to establish reporting
process for data from initial assessments
Integrated Maritime Policy – Marine
knowledge 2020 - has identified Marine
Observations as a need
Policy relevant data
Marine Core Service data
Country data
Research data
E
uropean
Reference layers (maps)
M O
arine
bservation
D NET
ata
Wise-Marine
MSFD
work
The role of GMES – the Marine Core Service
and in-situ data
•
Marine core service
provides near real
time data on salinity,
temperature and
ocean currents for all
EU seas
•
Based on a
combination of
models, satellite and
in-situ observations
Distributing information & knowledge
DATA
INDICATORS
ASSESSMENTS
ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION SERVICES for
Decision-makers / The public / NGO’s / Researchers
Wise-Marine Concept/process currently being
discussed
GIS, indicator visualisation, and
interpretation for wider EU assessments
Marine Indicator
Products
Indicator
1
Methodologies
(as agreed in indicator
working group)
Methods and processes by
indicator/groups of indicators/themes
Prepared data
Data Reporting layer
Datafeeds or
reference sources
(examples)
25
EIONET
EMODNET
GMES
Indicator
2,3,4,…
Marine
Conventions
Reference
layers
National DC’s
EU Compliance
Check
•Initial assessment
•Determination of GES
•Establishments of
comprehensive targets
•Implementation of
monitoring programme
Common Reference
sources
data input: Sea Surface temperature
Analysis:
Assessment:
Over the past 25 years the rate of increase in sea
surface temperature in all European seas has been
about 10 times faster than the average rate of increase
during the past century. In five European seas the
warming occurs even more rapidly. In the North and
Baltic Seas temperature rose five to six times faster
than the global average over the past 25 years, and
three times faster in the Black and Mediterranean Seas.