Transcript Response to Government Priorities and International Obligations

PORTFOLIO COMMITTEE PRESENTATION
RESPONSE TO GOVERNMENT PRIORITIES AND
INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS AND LONG
TERM TARGETS
1
THE PRESENTATION OUTLINE
• RESPONSE TO GOVERNMENT PRIORITIES
• RESPONSE TO NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN
(NDP), MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
(MDGS) AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL
OBLIGATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS THEREOF FOR
LONG TERM TARGETS
• COMPLIANCE WITH PROMOTION OF
ADMINISTRATIVE JUSTICE ACT / PROMOTION
OF ACCESS TO INFORMATION ACT (PAJA/PAIA)
• LEGISLATIVE PROGRAMME
2
RESPONSE TO GOVERNMENT PRIORITIES
Priority
response
Infrastructure
development
Adequate instruments to improve efficiency and effectiveness of environmental impact assessment system across the
country. These will include an efficient authorisation process for the rollout of Government’s Long Term Infrastructure Build
Programme, development GIS system to identify sensitive environments and Environmental Management Frameworks
(EMFs) where certain areas are identified as critical development areas with increasing development pressures.
Mining
Participation in mining Intergovernmental Task Team and the Project Executive Committee to ensure that the rehabilitation
of land as a result of acid mine drainage is done in accordance with the National Environmental management Act.
Facilitate implementation of the Biodiversity Act and Section 48 of the National Environmental Management: Protected
Areas Act in order to improve decision-making on which sensitive areas should be protected and where compromises could
be reached.
Job creation and Intensify implementation of the Expanded Public Work Programme (EPWP) for the environment and culture sector. Support
Green Economy and catalyse investment in the accelerated implementation of the green and low carbon economic growth path informed by
complementary national and sector policies, such as the Climate Change policy, Sustainable Development policy, Integrated
Resource Plan (IRP), Industrial Policy Action Plan (IPAP), New Growth Path and the Strategic Infrastructure Programmes.
Commence the process of developing a set of indicators for natural resources, accompanied by publication of reports on the
Environmental
sustainability and health of identified resources to inform policy. The department will focus on alignment of sector plans with the national climate
change policy and implementation of identified interventions to facilitate a transition to a low-carbon economy and society. We
resilience
will continue enhancing our regulatory frameworks and integrating sustainable development principles into country policies and
programmes to prevent ecological degradation, promote conservation (terrestrial and marine), and sustainable use of natural
resources.
Fighting crime
and corruption
Collaborative law enforcement effort to combat and reduce wildlife crime (integrated approach and cooperation with justice
cluster as well as international cooperation with recipient and transit countries). Development and implementation of
enforcement strategy. Implementation of fraud prevention policy
3
RESPONSE TO GOVERNMENT PRIORITIES
Priority
Health
response
Effective air quality management; Chemicals and Waste Management (General, Hazardous & Medical waste)
Rural Development Contribution of environmental assets towards rural development; Cooperation towards resolution of land claims in protected areas and
stewardship sites & post settlement support
Building a capable Local Government support and provision of basic services : Coastal and Open-space planning, Air quality management, Waste
and developmental management and services
state
Implementation of the National Skills development strategy; support continuous review of environmental curriculum linked to sector
Education and
Skills development demands. Implementation of the Biodiversity Human Capital Development Strategy and the Kids in Parks Programme.
4
LONG TERM TARGETS
•
•
•
•
National Policies or strategies such as NDP (2030 horizon), NSSD,
National Environmental Sectors and Sub-sectors policies and strategies e.g
NBSAP, and sub-sector policies and strategies (e.g Climate Change Policy
(2011), White Paper on Environmental Management (1996) developed after
CONNEP process; Oceans Green Paper, etc
International obligations eg MGDs, MEA commitments and obligations
DEA initiated process in Strategic Plan and based on above and
Environment Outlook Report identify key "impact" or "change" indicators
against which progress in medium and long term will be tracked.
5
Response to The National Development Plan
6
OVERVIEW FROM AN ENVIRONMENTAL
PERSPECTIVE
•
•
DEA has to mainly respond to Chapter 5 of the National Development Plan:
Environmental Sustainability and Resilience
“From an environmental perspective South Africa faces several related
challenges, some of which are in conflict. The country needs to:
– Protect the natural environment in all respects, leaving subsequent
generations with at least an endowment of at least equal value.
– Enhance the resilience of people and the economy to climate change.
– Extract mineral wealth to generate the resources to raise living
standards, skills and infrastructure in a sustainable manner.
– Reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve energy efficiency.”
7
CHAPTER 5 REQUIREMENTS AND
RESPONSE ACTIONS
•
•
•
•
A target for the amount of land and oceans under protection (presently about
7.9 million hectares of land, 848kms of coastline and 4 172 square kilometres of
ocean are protected).
– Using the reports available on the management of the conservation estate,
establish the desirability of the retention of current expansion targets on the
basis of conservation effectiveness, efficiency and economies of scale.
– Develop a Strategic Infrastructure Plan to support socio-economic
development through ecotourism
Achieve the peak, plateau and decline trajectory for greenhouse gas emissions,
with the peak being reached around 2025.
By 2030, an economy-wide carbon price should be entrenched.
Zero emission building standards by 2030
– The development and rollout of a “Greening Government” programme
aimed at reducing government’s overall carbon footprint associated with, at
least, transport and building-related emissions
8
CHAPTER 5 REQUIREMENTS AND
RESPONSE ACTIONS cont.
•
•
•
•
•
Absolute reductions in the total volume of waste disposed to landfill each year.
At least 20 000MW of renewable energy should be contracted by 2030.
– The convening and chairing of a Renewable Energy Rollout Facilitation
Forum specifically aimed at fostering coordination, cooperation and
coherence between all stakeholders involved in the rollout of South Africa’s
renewable energy programme
Improved disaster preparedness for extreme climate events.
– Staging and monitoring periodic extreme climate event response exercises
or simulations
Increased investment in new agricultural technologies, research and the
development of adaptation strategies for the protection of rural livelihoods and
expansion of commercial agriculture.
Action 31. An independent Climate Change Centre, in partnership with
academic and other appropriate institutions, is established by government to
support the actions of government, business and civil society
– In line with the Climate Change Response policy, DST is in the process of
establishing a climate change chair to effectively support government,
business and civil society climate-related action. Thus, the NPC must align
its thinking in this regard with the DST to avoid duplication
9
CHAPTER 5 REQUIREMENTS AND
RESPONSE ACTIONS cont.
•
•
•
•
•
Put in place a regulatory framework for land use, to ensure the conservation and
restoration of protected areas.
– NPC provides a forum for the discussion and debate of significant contested
land use – agriculture, mining, conservation, industrial, residential, etc.
Carbon price, building standards, vehicle emission standards and municipal
regulations to achieve scale in stimulating renewable energy, waste recycling
and in retrofitting buildings.
– The development and promulgation of vehicle emission standards under the
Air Quality Act
Carbon-pricing mechanisms, supported by a wider suite of mitigation policy
instruments to drive energy efficiency.
All new buildings to meet the energy efficiency criteria set out in South African
National Standard 204.
Channel public investment into research, new agricultural technologies for
commercial farming, as well as for the development of adaptation strategies and
support services for small-scale and rural farmers
10
CHAPTER 5 REQUIREMENTS AND
RESPONSE ACTIONS
•
Develop a set of indicators for natural resources, accompanied by publication of
annual reports on the health of identified resources to inform policy.
Considerations in setting long term targets and responding to
soil quality challenges
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Are our soils generally good for our health and well-being?
Is soil quality improving or declining?
Where is there poor and/or contaminated soil and what is causing it?
Are our waste and pollution governance interventions measurably improving
the quality of the soil, and if not, why not?
Is poor soil quality affecting us in terms of public health, reduced opportunity,
ground water pollution, etc.?
Is poor soil quality affecting the natural environment?
How much is poor soil quality costing us, i.e. what is the externalised cost of
contaminated or depleted soils?
Is current soil quality a significant national economic, social or environmental
concern that could measurably undermine the country’s development?
11
CHAPTER 5 REQUIREMENTS AND
RESPONSE ACTIONS
Considerations in relation to marine, aquatic and terrestrial biodiversity,
environmental infrastructure and ecosystem goods and services
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Is our biodiversity, environmental infrastructure and ecosystem goods and
services generally in good health?
Is our level of biodiversity being maintained or is it in decline?
Where is biodiversity, environmental infrastructure and ecosystem goods and
services being degraded and what is causing it?
Are our conservation governance interventions measurably improving our
biodiversity, environmental infrastructure and ecosystem goods and services, and
if not, why not?
Is reduced biodiversity and degraded environmental infrastructure and ecosystem
goods and services affecting us in terms of public health, reduced opportunity,
negative economic impacts, reduced ecosystem goods and services, etc.?
How much is reduced biodiversity and degraded environmental infrastructure and
ecosystem goods and services costing us, i.e. what “free” natural goods and
services have to be met through goods and services that now need to be paid for
and at what cost?
Is the current state of our biodiversity, environmental infrastructure and
ecosystem goods and services a significant national economic, social or
environmental concern that could measurably undermine the country’s
development?
12
CHAPTER 5 REQUIREMENTS AND
RESPONSE ACTIONS
Considerations for indicators and responding to ambient air quality
challenges
• Is the air we breathe generally good for our health and wellbeing?
• Is air quality improving or declining?
• Where is there poor air and what is causing it?
• Are our air quality governance interventions measurably
improving the quality of the air, and if not, why not?
• Is poor air quality affecting us in terms of public health,
reduced opportunity, acid deposition, etc.?
• Is poor air quality affecting the natural environment?
• How much is poor air quality costing us, i.e. what is the
externalised cost of air pollution?
• Is current air quality a significant national economic, social or
environmental concern that could measurably undermine the
country’s development?
13
Examples of graphic
representation of Strategic long
term indicators stemming from
NDP Chapter 5
14
Case Study –NAQI (Cont.)
National Indicator (PM10-SO2)
1.1
National average
above NAAQS
1.0
National average
below NAAQS
Enhancement
and protection
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
2000
2002
2004
2006
Year
2008
2010
15
16
Next Steps in Developing indicators
• The South African National Environmental
Information Meta-Database –
– The compilation of a database of metadata on all of
the significant national information and knowledge
management systems relating to the environmental
management system, natural resources and natural
resource quality, pollution release and transfer, land
use and land use change, etc.
– Consultation with Stats SA
– Consider information in The Various “State of…”
reports
• Convene National Indicator Development
Workshop
17
Relevant Objectives and/or Actions from
Other NDP 2030 Chapters
•
Chapter 3: Economy And Employment
– Green Jobs, EPWP, biodiversity offsets? –
• The unemployment rate should fall from 24.9% in June 2012 to 14% by
2020 and to 6% by 2030. This requires an additional 11 million jobs.
Total employment should rise from 13 million to 24 million.
• The proportion of adults working should increase from 41% to 61%.
• The proportion of adults in rural areas working should rise from 29% to
40%.
• The labour force participation rate should rise from 54% to 65%.
– Green Economy, transition to a low-carbon economy and society, fostering
innovation in green product and service development? –
• Gross Domestic Product (GDP) should increase by 2.7 times in real
terms, requiring average annual GDP growth of 5.4% over the period.
GDP per capita should increase from about from about R50 000 per
person in 2010 to R110 000 per person in 2030 in constant prices.
• Exports (as measured in volume terms) should grow by 6% a year to
2030 with non-traditional exports growing by 10% a year
18
Relevant Objectives and/or Actions from
Other NDP 2030 Chapters (Cont.)
•
Chapter 3: Economy And Employment (Cont.)
– EPWP – the Working For… programmes –
• Public employment programmes should reach 1 million by 2015 and 2
million people by 2030.
– Acceptable minimum environmental quality standards (e.g. air, water and soil
quality, waste and sanitation services, green space) –
• 2. Develop proposals for an acceptable minimum standard of living and
proposals on how to achieve this over time.
– Drive and facilitate sustainable development –
• 3. Remove the most pressing constraints on growth, investment and job
creation, including energy generation and distribution, urban planning etc.
•
Chapter 4: Economic Infrastructure
– The efficient and effective implementation of the environmental impact
management governance system (including environmental authorisations) for new
developments / implementation of SIPs proactive authorisation process
19
Relevant Objectives and/or Actions from
Other NDP 2030 Chapters (Cont.)
•
Chapter 4: Economic Infrastructure (Cont.)
– Facilitation of electrification programmes through air quality offsets? –
• The proportion of people with access to the electricity grid should rise to
at least 90% by 2030, with non-grid options available for the rest.
– Conservation, restoration, rehabilitation of environmental infrastructure that
provides water-related environmental goods and services (e.g. wetlands) –
• Ensure that all people have access to clean, potable water and that
there is enough water for agriculture and industry, recognising the
trade-offs in the use of water.
– Public awareness around the climate and environmental advantages of
using public transport, leading by example, support for the use of economic
instruments (e-tolling)? –
• The proportion of people who use public transport for regular commutes
will expand significantly. By 2030, public transport will be user-friendly,
less environmentally damaging, cheaper and integrated or seamless
– Priority Area Air Quality Management –
• 14. Ensure domestic security of coal supply for existing power stations
through industry compact, more comprehensive coal field planning and
20
opening up the Waterberg for coal mining.
Relevant Objectives and/or Actions from
Other NDP 2030 Chapters (Cont.)
•
•
Chapter 4: Economic Infrastructure (Cont.)
– Mainstreaming shale gas-related environmental impact management –
• 16. Enable exploratory drilling to identify economically recoverable coal
seam and shale gas reserves, while environmental investigations will
continue to ascertain whether sustainable exploitation of these
resources is possible. If gas reserves are proven and environmental
concerns alleviated, then development of these resources and gas-topower projects should be fast-tracked.
Chapter 6: Inclusive Rural Economy
– Encourage labour intensive, low impact agriculture (organic, low-tillage, low
input, etc.); Encourage the development of niche export markets for organic
and/or organically derived products –
• An additional 643 000 direct jobs and 326 000 indirect jobs in the
agriculture, agro-processing and related sectors by 2030.
• Maintain a positive trade balance for primary and processed agricultural
products.
21
Relevant Objectives and/or Actions from
Other NDP 2030 Chapters (Cont.)
•
Chapter 8: Transforming Human Settlements
– Green cities, sustainable development –
• Strong and efficient spatial planning system, well integrated across the
spheres of government
• Upgrade all informal settlements on suitable, well located land by 2030.
• More people living closer to their places of work.
• Better quality public transport.
• More jobs in or close to dense, urban townships.
• 42. Reforms to the current planning system for improved coordination.
• 43. Develop a strategy for densification of cities and resource allocation
to promote better located housing and settlements.
• 44. Substantial investment to ensure safe, reliable and affordable public
transport…
22
Relevant Objectives and/or Actions from
Other NDP 2030 Chapters (Cont.)
•
•
•
Chapter 10: Health Care For All
– Effective air quality management –
• Significantly reduce prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases.
Chapter 11: Social Protection
– The wind farm versus food security debate –
• 76. Identify the main elements of a comprehensive food security and
nutrition strategy and launch a campaign.
– EPWP and the Working For… programmes –
• 80. Expand existing public employment initiatives to create
opportunities for the unemployed.
Chapter 13: Building a Capable and Developmental State
– Regional waste treatment facility – waste to energy?
• 98. Develop regional utilities to deliver some local government services
on an agency basis, where municipalities or districts lack capacity.
23
Conclusions on National Development
Plan
•
•
There is great alignment between our current work and that directed or
implied by the NDP 2030, however to ensure 100% alignment there is a
need for some re-alignment and re-prioritisation
The development, monitoring and reporting of environmental indicators is
crucial
24
Response to Millennium Development Goals
(MDGs)
25
OVERVIEW OF THE MDGS
• Millennium Declaration signed in September 2000 at the Millennium
Summit (189 Countries and 147 Heads of State).
• The eight MDGs call for
- a dramatic reduction in poverty and marked improvements in the health and
well-being of the poor.
The 8 MDG Goals are:
1. To eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
2. To achieve universal primary education
3. To promote gender equality and empower women
4. To reduce child mortality
5. To improve maternal health
6. To combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
7. To ensure environmental sustainability (underpins the achievement of the
majority of the other seven goals)
8. To develop a global partnership for development
26
INTRODUCTION CONT…
• MDGs act as guidelines and indicators for measuring levels of
development
• Reference period for MDGs 1990 - 2015
• For South Africa, start of reference period is 1994
1994
1997
2000
2003
2005
2007
2009
2012
2015
Characteristics of MDGs:
• Time-bound goals
• Quantifiable targets
• Internationally agreed upon indicators
27
SUMMARY OF GOAL & TARGETS WITH
INDICATORS
Ensure environmental
sustainability
Indicators
DEA
Target 7a and b: Integrate the
Proportion of land area covered by forest
principles of sustainable
development into country policies CO2 emissions, total, per capita and per $1 GDP
Consumption of ozone-depleting substances
and program and reverse the
Number of legally designated landfill sites
loss of environmental resources Proportion of terrestrial and marine areas protected
Reduce biodiversity loss,
achieving, by 2010, a significant Proportion of fish stocks within safe biological limits
Proportion of Threatened Species (MDG Indicator)
reduction in the rate of loss
Proportion Ecosystem Threat status (domesticated)
Proportion of Natural Habitat
Target 7c: Halve, by 2015, the
proportion of people without
Proportion of population with sustainable access to an
sustainable access to safe
improved water source, urban and rural
drinking water and basic
Proportion of population with access to improved sanitation
sanitation
SANBI
Goal 7
Target 7d: Have achieved, by
2020, a significant improvement Proportion of households with access to secure tenure
28
in the lives of at least 100 million Proportion of urban population living in slums
Proportion of households with access to electricity
slum dwellers
DEA’S INSTITUTIONAL RESPONSE TO
TARGET 7a AND 7b
• Section 24 of the Constitution: All South Africans have a right to an
environment that is not harmful to their health or well-being and to have the
environment protected for the benefit of present and future generations.
Key policy instrument developed:
• National Framework for Sustainable Development (NFSD) - 2008
• National Strategy for Sustainable Development (NSSD) - 2012
• Various policies and Acts developed and implemented to protect and
enhance the environment includes;
• National Environmental Management Act;
• National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act;
• National Environment Management: Protected Areas Act;
• World Heritage Convention Act
• National Biodiversity Framework
• National Environmental Management: Waste Act & National Waste
Management Strategy
29
• White Paper on Climate Change Policy
Goal 7: To ensure environmental
sustainability
Ensure environmental sustainability
DEA reporting responsibility
Target 7a and b: Integrate the
principles of sustainable development
into country policies and program and
reverse the loss of environmental
resources.
Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by
2010, a significant reduction in the rate
of loss
• CO2 emissions, total, per capita and
per $1 GDP (PPP)
• Consumption of ozone-depleting
substances
• Proportion of terrestrial and marine
areas protected
• Percentage of permitted landfill sites
30
Current status, targets and actions
as related to each indicator
31
CO2 emissions, total, per capita and per
$1 GDP (PPP) (DEA) – Information
submitted for report
Category
CO2 emissions in
total (Million
Tons)
1994
Baseline
2010
Report
Status
2012
Report
Status
258.4
356.5
(2007)
369.4 (2009)
CO2 emissions
per capita (Tons)
6.84
7.39
(2007)
7.49
(2009)
CO2 emissions
per 1$ GDP (Kg)
0.79
0.69
(2007)
0.70
(2009)
Target
A 34%
reduction of
“Business as
Usual” by 2020
and 42%
reduction by
2025
32
WHAT STEPS ARE BEING TAKEN
Climate change
• Implementation of the National Climate Change Response Policy,
including:
• (i) analysing mitigation potential in key economic sectors as the
basis for the establishment of desired emission reduction outcomes
(DEROs) and optimal mix of measures for achieving the DEROs
• (ii) developing a set of long term adaptation scenarios for key
sectors, on the basis of a set of consensus locally relevant climate
scenarios, that would inform an integrated approach to SA’s
adaptation response;
• (iii) developing a national monitoring and evaluation system that
tracks South Africa’s transition to lower carbon and climate resilient
economy and society.
33
Consumption (recommended imports and
exports) of ozone-depleting substances
(DEA)
Category
1994 Baseline
2010 Report
Status
2012
Report
Status
205.1
209.2
(2008)
400.1
(2010)
(ODPTons)
14.4
(2003)
0
(2009)
-6.9
(2010)
MeBr
601.2
225.9
(2008)
0.0
(2010)
HCFC
(ODPTons)
BCM
(ODPTons)
Target
Freeze by 2013
and phase out
by 2040
Phase out by
2015
34
WHAT STEPS ARE BEING TAKEN
Consumption of ozone-depleting substances
Development of ODS regulations
•
Development of Regulations for the Phase out and management of ODSs.
HCFC Phase-out Management Plan
•
DEA is presently in a process of implementing the HCFC Plan.
Methyl bromide management plan
•
Industry receives their yearly quota allocation from DAFF. The allocation is then
submitted to DEA by Industry for consideration in issuing a Recommendation to
import or export. Thereafter ITAC issues permits with conditions specified in the
recommendations from DEA
ODS Recommendations and Permits
•
Conditions will be included on the DEA recommendations to ensure effective
control of imports into South Africa and thus achieving phase-out targets
Training of SARS Customs Officials
•
Training is intended to capacitate SARS Customs Inspectors with knowledge and
understanding of chemicals that are imported into the country through the ports of
entry, chemical labeling, chemical handling, ITAC permits that are issued to
industry, etc
35
DEA: Proportion of terrestrial and marine
areas protected
Category
Terrestrial
(%)
Marine (%)
1994
Baseline
2010
Status
2012 Status
5.18
6.20
6.71 (7.7% when
including private
protected areas
0
6.54
7.34%
Target
17% (terrestrial and inland
waters - including conservation
areas)
10% (by 2020)
Figures presented for 2012 status to be regarded as interim values as some privately owned protected areas
still needs to be added to the database (Current list consist of 1189 areas covering 1.587 mil ha), in process of
calculating conservation estate to be added and unknown where measurement of territorial waters should be
taken from (2010 data used the inland water line to 12nm, whilst 2012 calculations calculated this from the
coast). Thus current direct comparison between 2010 and 2012 marine protected area information not
possible/advisable
36
WHAT STEPS ARE BEING TAKEN
Proportion of terrestrial and marine areas protected
•
•
•
•
•
•
National Protected Area Expansion Strategy (NPAES)
Provincial Protected Area expansion strategies – 5 completed, one draft
SANParks – Land acquisition plan
National Environmental Management: Protected Areas Act
National Protected Areas Database
National Biodiversity Framework:
– providing for an integrated, co-ordinated and uniform approach to biodiversity
management in South Africa,
– It highlights the major pressures on biodiversity in South Africa,
– identifies priority actions for conserving biodiversity ,
– and sets out the implications of these priority actions for agencies that will
lead implementation.
The NBF forms the blueprint for conservation of biodiversity in
South Africa.
37
DEA: NUMBER OF LEGALLY
DESIGNATED LANDFILL SITES (2010
report) NOW CHANGED TO: Percentage
of permitted landfill sites
Category
Percentage
1994
Baseline
No Data
2012
Report Status
Target
341 unlicensed (56 to To have 80% of the 341
be licensed before end unlicensed
landfill
sites
of
financial
year licensed by 2015
2012/2013)
Domesticated Indicator. Reason for change of indicator was that 2010 indicator did
not present measurable targets. Revised indicator included in the DEA strategic plan
38
WHAT STEPS ARE BEING TAKEN
Percentage of permitted landfill sites
• National Environmental Management: Waste Act & National Waste
Management Strategy
• Training programmes being rolled out for landfill site managers
• DEA in process to assist municipalities to have 56 waste disposal sites
licensed from the backlog before the end of the 2012/2013 financial year.
• Licensing task team (including provinces) established to fast track process
– meetings every month
• Criteria to reduce this backlog through means that include:
a) downscaling the EIA process to basic assessment;
b) pursuing the less capital intensive authorization routes; and
meeting the target of 80% landfills licensed will depend on the
availability of resources, currently estimated at R980million.
39
GOAL 7: TO ENSURE ENVIRONMENTAL
SUSTAINABILITY
Ensure environmental sustainability
SANBI reporting responsibility
Target 7a and b: Integrate the principles of
• Proportion of Threatened Species
sustainable development into country
(MDG Indicator)
policies and program and reverse the loss
• Proportion Ecosystems Threatened
of environmental resources.
(domesticated)
Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by
• Proportion of Natural Habitat
2010, a significant reduction in the rate of
(domesticated)
loss
40
SANBI: Proportion of Threatened Species
Statistics coming from National Biodiversity Assessment Report 2011
#
described
taxa*
# threatened % threatened
Plants
% endemic to Most Recent
SA
Red List
#extinct
20 692
2505
12%
40
64%
2011
Inland mammals
307
60
20%
3
19%
2004**
Birds
841
122
14.50%
2
8%
2000***
Amphibians
118
17
14%
0
43%
2010
Reptiles
421
36
9%
2
47%
2011
Freshwater fish
114
24
21%
0
51%
2007
Butterflies
793
59
7%
3
52%
2011
* A taxon (plural taxa) is usually a species but in some cases maybe a subspecies or variety
** Inland mammals will be reassessed in 2012-2013
*** Figures for birds in this table are based on BirdLife South Africa figures online
(www.birdlife.org.za/conservation/threatened-species, accessed December 2011)
41
SANBI: Proportion Ecosystem Threat
status (domesticated)
Terrestrial Ecosystem Threat Status
Ecosystem Threat Status
Percentage of Terrestrial
ecosystem type
Critically Endangered (CR)
9
Endangered (EN)
11
Vulnerable (VU)
19
Least Threatened (LT)
60
River Ecosystem Threat Status
Ecosystem Threat Status
Percentage of River ecosystem type
Critically Endangered (CR)
Endangered (EN)
Vulnerable (VU)
Least Threatened (LT)
26
19
13
43
Wetland Ecosystem Threat Status
Ecosystem Threat Status
Critically Endangered (CR)
Endangered (EN)
Vulnerable (VU)
Least Threatened (LT)
Percentage of Wetland ecosystem type
48
12
5
35
42
SANBI: Proportion Threatened
Ecosystems (domesticated) cont
Estuarine Ecosystem Threat Status
Ecosystem Threat Status
Percentage of Estuarine ecosystem type
Critically Endangered (CR)
39
Endangered (EN)
2
Vulnerable (VU)
2
Least Threatened (LT)
57
Marine and Coastal Ecosystem Threat Status
Ecosystem Threat Status
Critically Endangered (CR)
Endangered (EN)
Percentage of Marine and Coastal ecosytem
type
17
7
Vulnerable (VU)
23
Least Threatened (LT)
53
43
SANBI: Proportion of Natural Habitat
(domesticated)
Statistics coming from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO): South African National Land report
Cover Change Map
1994
Area (km²)
2000
Percentage
Area (km²)
2005
Percentage Area (km²) Percentage
Urban
12 279
0.85
21 617
1.49
28 746
1.98
Forestry & Plantations
16 836
1.16
20 885
1.44
23 462
1.62
1 830
0.13
1 931
0.13
2 444
0.17
180 130
12.43
148 169
10.22
172 754
11.92
Natural
1 238 432
85.44
1 256 906
86.71
1 222 100
84.31
TOTAL
1 449 507
100
1 449 508
100.00
1 449 506
100.00
Mining and Quarries
Cultivation/ Agriculture
Mapping Error
0.20%
0.20%
0.20%
44
WHAT STEPS ARE BEING TAKEN
Target: Want to halt the tempo of deterioration and prevent further loss
of species
•
National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan in place
•
National Environmental Management: Biodiversity Act in place
– Threatened species and ecosystems listed in terms of Act
– Critically endangered and endangered ecosystems referred to in EIA regulations
– Development and implementation of Biodiversity Management Plans (BMP) –
currently BMP’s under development for key species
– Bioregional plans map critical biodiversity areas, aim to identify most important areas
to keep natural habitat intact whilst development is taking place – actual science
used to develop and inform bioregional plans
•
Threatened or Protected Species Regulations
– regulate the movement and subsequent activities involving listed wildlife species on a
national basis.
National protected area expansion strategy in place (protecting habitat for species,
protecting representative spread of ecosystems, protecting areas important for climate
change resilience)
•
45
DEA MDG CURRENT STATUS
• Information for all DEA indicators submitted to
StatsSA SWG5 Secretariat
• Metadata sheets for all indicators submitted
• South African Quality Assessment Framework
lite assessments conducted
46
CHALLENGES
• No permanent reporting structure - StatsSA is in a process of
establishing a permanent coordinating body.
• Unavailability of data (due to frequency of data updates).
• Postponement of appointment of authors for the technical and country
reports
• Need for adequate consultation with report writers and to ensure that
information reported on and the resulting supporting text is the correct
reflection of the current situation.
47
OTHER INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATIONS
48
Oceans and Coast International Obligations And Progress
MEA
Progress
Expectation
Agreement for the Conservation
of Albatrosses & Petrels (ACAP)
Annually report seabird counts for (6
species of Albatrosses and Petrels) to
ACAP.
Reporting of seabirds counts (6
species of Albatrosses and Petrels).
Commission for the
Conservation of Antarctic
Marine Living Resources
(CCAMLR)
 Annually report number of breeding
colonies and weight at arrival, chick
weights, diet 7 breeding success.
 Setting and reviewing conservation measures
 Currently working on system of representative
MPAs
To safeguard the environment and protect the
integrity of the ecosystem of the seas
surrounding the Antarctica, and to conserve
Antarctic marine living resources
Convention on Biological
Diversity

Surveys of priority biodiversity areas (3
areas surveyed).
•


-9% of SA Coastline is fully Protected
Participation in COP 11 in India and taken
forward resolutions to our region
•
Aichi Targets – biodiversity
knowledge improved, shared,
applied.
10% of the coastal and marine
areas conserved through
representative and well –
connected protected areas
Convention for the Conservation
of Antarctic Seals (CCAS)
Report on abundance, population trends,
foraging (partnership with Mammal
Research Institute).
Research in support of conservation
and management.
The Antarctic Treaties Act, Act 60 of
1996
 Research and relief voyages undertaken on an
annual basis
 Annual meetings attended to recommend
measures advance the Treaty objectives
 SA and Germany carried out inspections on other
contracting parties
To ensure that Antarctica is used for peaceful
purposes, international cooperation in
scientific research, and does not become the
scene or object of international discord.
The Environmental Protection Protocol
to the Antarctic Treaty,
Annual conduct Environmental impact assessments
for activities that are likely to entail significant
adverse environmental consequences
Comprehensive protection to the Antarctic
environment and its ecosystems and
maintains the value of the continent as an
49
area for scientific research
Oceans and Coast International Obligations And Progress (Continued)
MEA
Progress
Expectation
1996 Protocol to the London Convention
on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by
Dumping of Waste and Other Matter
 Protocol brought into effect by the
NEM: Integrated Coastal
Management Act 2008 (Act 24 of
2008).
 Currently developing the National
Coastal management Programme
• Stricter control over the types of waste and
other matter that may be dumped into the
ocean;
• Stricter screening of waste prior to its
disposal; Improved marine ecosystem
health.
Global Programme of Action for Protection
of the Marine Environment from Landbased Activities
 Adopted a National Programme of
Action (NPOA) against land-based
sources of marine pollution in 2008;
 Developed new Recreational
(coastal) Water Quality guidelines;
 National policy on coastal
wastewater disposal currently under
revision.
Improved marine ecosystem health through
more effective management and control over
major pollutants, namely wastewater, litter
and nutrient over-enrichment.
Nairobi Convention (covering the Indian
coastline of RSA)
Promulgation of the ICM Act to ensure
sound coastal management;
Development of contingency plans for
oil pollution emergencies;
Establishment of specially-protected
areas (MPAs).
Enhanced protection, management and
development of the coastal and marine
environment, through pollution prevention
and sound environmental management of
the coastline.
Abidjan Convention (covering the Atlantic
coastline of RSA)
•
•
Same as above.
South Africa to host the Abidjan
Convention in March 2014
Same as above.
NOTE: RSA elected to host the 11th COP in
March 2014, due to rotational principle.
50
Climate Change International Obligations
And Progress
MEA
Progress
Expectation
Copenhagen Accord 2009
• National Climate Change
Response Policy in place
•In the process of finalising the
national GHG inventory
implement mitigation actions
that will collectively result in a
34% and a 42% deviation below
its Business As Usual emissions
growth trajectory by
2020 and 2025 respectively
51
Biodiversity International Obligations And
Progress
MEA
Progress
Expectation
Convention on Biological
Diversity
NBSAP
NPAES
6.5% and declining
Aichi Targets – protected areas
17% by 2020
Species loss – improve or
sustain current levels
United Nations Convention to
Combat Degradation and
Desertification
Reviewing National Action Plan
to align
UNCCD 10 year Strategy and
Framework - alignment
Convention on International
Trade in Endangered Species
CITES regulations implemented
National system for the
management of CITES listed
species
Ramsar Convention
15 management plans in place,
Management Plans for all 19
wetlands of international
importance
World Heritage Convention
Management Authorities for all
sites, and IDPs being developed
Management Plans, IDPs,
National Strategy for WHS
52
Biodiversity International Obligations And
Progress
MEA
Progress
Expectation
SADC Wildlife Protocol
6TFCA’s established
Boundless Programme in place
3 Interpol operations
System for regional integration
and policy harmonisation
Joint operations
53
Waste and Chemicals International
Obligations And Progress
MEA
Progress
Expectation
Montreal Protocol
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC)
phased out
Phase out of production and use
Hydro Chloro Fluoro Carbons
(HCFC) by 2040
Hydro Chloro Fluoro Carbons
(HCFC) Phase out Management
Plan developed and approved
by Montreal Secretariat.
Stockholm Convention
National Implementation Plan
developed and Submitted to
Secretariat
Phase out of production and use
of PolyChlorinatedBiphenyls
(PCB) by 2025.
Rotterdam Convention
National Action Plan developed.
Information Sharing on trade in
Chemicals
Basel Convention
Recommendations for import
and export of waste continually
issued for ITAC to issue import
of export permit
Develop instruments
(regulations) for import and
export of waste
54
Compliance to PAIA and PAJA
55
PAIA COMPLIANCE OF DEA AND PUBLIC
ENTITIES
• Deputy Information Officers have been designated
• Section 32 reports are timeously submitted every year to
the Human Rights Commission;
• PAIA manual and section 15 list are reviewed annually
and published on our website;
• Specific PAIA workflows tracks all PAIA requests that
are received;
• PAIA compliance reports are tabled at Senior
Management meetings;
• Information sessions are held annually on PAIA
compliance.
56
PAJA COMPLIANCE OF DEA AND
PUBLIC ENTITIES
• The principles of PAJA have been
incorporated in our legislation
• Templates have been developed which
contains the reasons for decisions and the
details to lodge an appeal- an appeal
protocol is in place
• Information sessions on PAJA compliance
is held annually
57
Legislative Programme
58
STATUS OF WHITE AND GREEN PAPERS
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
CONNEP process resulted in 1996 White Paper on Environmental
Management, from it stem:
(i) NEMA 1998
(ii) NEMBA
(iii) NEMPA
(i) NEMAQA
(iv) NEMWA
(v) NEMICMA
(vi) Strategies and Frameworks such as IWMS, NAQMF, NBSAP, Protected
Areas Expansion Strategy. EIA& M strategy currently under development
and IEM strategy under consideration
Climate Change Policy 2011
Green Paper on Oceans
59
BILLS CURRENTLY IN PARLIAMENT
• National Environmental Management Laws First
Amendment Bill
• National Environmental Management Laws Second
Amendment Bill
• National Environmental Management: Integrated Coastal
Management Amendment Bill, 2013
60
BILLS TO BE TABLED IN 2013/14
• South African Weather Service Amendment Bill, 2013
To amend the South African Weather Service Act to provide the
South African Weather Service with a legal mandate to implement
the South African Air Quality Information System.
Cabinet: April 2013
Parliament: June 2013
• National Environmental Management Amendment Bill, 2013
To amend the National Environmental Management Act, 1998 so as
to further align the National Environmental Management Act, 1998
as amended with the Mineral and Petroleum Resources
Development Act as amended.
Cabinet: May 2013
Parliament: August 2013
61
BILLS THAT MAY BE TABLED IN 2013/14
• National Environmental Management: Air Quality
Amendment Bill, 2013
• National Environmental Management: Waste
Amendment Bill, 2013
62
OTHER DOCUMENTS TO BE TABLED IN
PARLIAMENT
• White Paper on the National Environmental
Management of the Ocean
• Ratification of the Rio Ocean Declaration
• Ratification of the Kyoto Protocol
63