Transcript Muscular Diseases!!!

Do Now 10/24/14
What would happen if your body started attacking
acetylcholine receptors in the muscle membrane?
Think about your muscle contraction steps….be
specific. Your answer should be no less than 4
sentences.
THINK LIKE A DOCTOR!
Muscular Diseases!!!
Shin Splints (Tibial Stress Syndrome)
Shin Splints
Shin Splints
Shin Splints Description
• Pain in or around the shin-usually
felt during exercise
Shin Splints Causes
• The calf muscles become stretched
(usually from walking or running up
hills) causing the muscles in front of
your shins to be over-used to
compensate.
• Can also be stress fractures in the
bone
Treatment-Shin Splints
• Anti-inflammatory medicine (ibuprofen), ice,
reduced exercise for a few weeks (rest), wear
shoes with arch support
▫ Dixie cup treatment!
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Description
• Prolonged, debilitating fatigue
over six months often with:
headaches, sore throat, muscle
and joint pain.
• Sleep and rest do not reduce the
fatigue
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Causes
•Somewhat unknown. Could be
genetic, stress related, an
infection, or an autoimmune
disorder.
Treatment- Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
• Pacing (setting daily schedules for
activities, exercise and other uses
of energy)
Muscular Dystrophy
Muscular Dystrophy
Muscular Dystrophy Description
• Muscles become very weak, break
down, and waste away
• Can begin at any age and
progress quickly or slowly
depending on type
Muscular Dystrophy Causes
• Genetic
▫ Typically mutations in the
dystrophin gene (dystrophin is a
gene that is responsible for
maintaining the integrity of the
muscles)
Treatment-Muscular Dystrophy
• No cure
• Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Carpel Tunnel Syndrome
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Description
•Repeatedly occurring
numbness, tingling, burning or
pain in fingers.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Causes
• Often caused when inflammation
of the tendons or muscles leads to
pressure being exerted on the
nerves into the hand.
Treatment- Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
•Stretching, brace or wrist
splint, anti-inflammatory
drugs to reduce inflammation
of tissues putting pressure on
the nerves, surgery to cut the
ligament above the median
nerve
Myasthenia Gravis
Myasthenia Gravis
Myasthenia Gravis
Myasthenia Gravis
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2NEjf347Xp
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Myasthenia Gravis Description
• Muscle fatigue that gets better with
rest but worse with activity. Muscles
in the face (eyelids, facial expressions,
talking, swallowing) are most
common but it will also affect limbs
Myasthenia Gravis Causes
• Autoimmune disorder where the
antibodies attack the
acetylcholine receptors in the
muscle membrane.
Treatment- Myasthenia Gravis
• Immunosuppressant drugs, drugs
that stop the breakdown of
acetylcholine, surgery on thymus can
prevent progression of disease
Tendinitis
Tendinitis
Tendinitis
Tendinitis Description
• pain, stiffness, or burning
sensation around a joint. Often
made worse by exercise, and often
triggered by stress
Tendinitis Causes
• The tendon becomes inflamed
due to stretching or fatigue
Treatment- Tendinitis
• anti-inflammatory drug, physical
therapy, RICE with gradual
return to exercise
Pyomyositis
Pyomyositis
Pyomyositis
Pyomyositis Description
• Fever, muscle pain, pus-filled
abscesses in the muscles, fatigue
Pyomyositis Causes
• Bacteria infection of the skeletal
muscles (often the glutes and
quads)
Treatment- pyomyositis
• The abscess within the muscles
must be drained surgically and
then treated with antibiotics
Fibromyalgia
Fibromyalgia Description
• Chronic, heightened pain in response
to touch; sleep disturbance; muscle
twitching, widespread fatigue;.
• Must last at least three months and
must fail “pressure points test”
Fibromyalgia Causes
• Unknown.
• Genetic component
• Most theories deal with
neurotransmitters.
Treatment- fibromyalgia
• Exercise, cognitive behavioral therapy,
pain medication or antidepressants
CBT combines two kinds of psychotherapy — cognitive
therapy and behavior therapy. Cognitive therapy teaches
you how certain thought patterns may play a role in
worsening your symptoms. For instance, you may be
thinking, “Now I'll never be able to play tennis again.”
These thoughts can trigger anxiety and depression,
which only make your pain worse.
When you feel pain, try to keep your focus on the present. Avoid
thoughts that take you to the future, such as, “How will I possibly get
through the meeting tomorrow if I feel like this?” or the past, such as “I
knew I shouldn't have gone bike riding yesterday.” Shifting your
thoughts to other moments in time can often worsen the pain.
Diagnose the following patients
• A female tennis player comes in complaining
that her shoulder has started to produce a
burning sensation when she plays. You look at it
and notice that the tendon seems to be inflamed.
• A patient comes in with a fever and large open
sores on their legs that look to be filled with pus.
They mention they had recently taken a trip to
Costa Rica.