Transcript 2012 Exercise and Trunk Musclesx

 Prime
 1.
mover
Antagonist
Synergist
Performs the same movement as the prime
mover
 2. Opposes the movement of the prime
mover
 3. Main muscle responsible for movement
Increase
in muscle size,
hypertrophy
Increase in number of
myofilaments within the fiber,
number of muscle fibers stays
the same
Anaerobic exercise
Increase
in muscles ability to sustain
moderate exercise over a long period
of time
Number of blood vessels increases
but the size of the muscle stays the
same. Increased blood flow allows
for more O2 and glucose to reach the
muscle.
Overall
metabolism increases
Skeleton gets stronger
Aerobic exercise
Combination
of strength and
endurance training.
Benefits of both types
Fast
fibers (white muscles)large in diameter, produce
powerful quick contractions,
fatigue rapidly
Slow fibers (red muscles)smaller in diameter, take longer
to contract, contract for longer
periods of time
A contraction
requires a large
amount of energy (ATP).
ATP transfers extra energy into
creatine when a muscle is at rest
ATP + creatine
ADP + creatine
phosphate
During
a contraction CP is used
to recharge the ADP to ATP
ADP + CP
ATP + creatine
Creatine
Phosphokinase is an
enzyme that regulates this
process.
Muscle fatigue- exhaustion of
energy reserves or the build
up of lactic acid which
prevents muscle contraction.
Occurs
immediately, strength
can decrease up to 5% a day
Muscles are replaced by fibrous
connective tissue over time
Extends
the neck
Rotates and laterally flexes head
to same side
intrinsic
back muscles, provide
resistance that helps control
action of bending forward
(iliocostalis, longissimus and
spinalis)
Flex
vertebral column
Lateral flexion
flex
and rotate lumbar region
Stabilize Pelvis during walking
innermost
muscle of abdominal
wall, compresses abdominal
contents
individually
they aid muscles of
back in trunk rotation and lateral
flexion
Run
at right angles to the
external obliques
for trunk rotation and lateral
flexion
forms
floor of thoracic cavity,
prime mover for breathing
elevates
rib cage, helps with
inspiration, synergist to
diaphragm
depress
rib cage, helps with
expiration, antagonist to external
intercostals
stabilizes,
raises, retracts and
rotates scapula
prime
mover of arm flexion,
rotates arm medially, adducts
arm against resistance, can help
in climbing, pushing and
throwing
helps
bring the arm down in a
power stroke, like hammering,
swimming
prime
mover of arm abduction
Elevates
scapula
Adducts
laterally
and rotates scapula