Transcript whole body vibration_discussion

Whole
Body
Vibration
Whole Body Vibration Exercise
What is Whole Body Vibration?
Contraction of the muscles
Quick training effect
High-grade training apparatus
A diversity of applications
History
Olympic Games of ‘80
Efficient alternative for classic power training
Increase of power and flexibility
CONCEPT
Vibration
Stimulate the excitability of the “Muscle Spindles”
and the “Golgi” systems in muscles and tendons
“Stretch Reflex”
“Tonic Vibration Reflex”
TVR
The myotatic reflex
Unique myotatic reflex
Multiple myotatic reflex
The myotatic reflex
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Synchronizes the individual Nervous system
The individual brief fitness training
The elongation of muscles
The relaxation of muscles
No weight loading
No physical or mental exertion
Extraordinary feelings
No sweat
The myotatic reflex
In fact,
10 minutes training on the NBS every day
equals to the results received after training
a whole month at a fitness club, exercising
for the same goals.
NEMES-BOSCO SYSTEM
NEuromuscular MEchanical Stimualtion machine.
based on
“Whole Body Vibration” method
By Prof. Carmelo Bosco (Italy)
A world wide leading sport physiologists and human movement scientist...
Current applications of WBV-NEMES
sports training
general fitness
prevention
medical applications
The WBV Advantages
•Multi purpose effect
•High effectiveness
•Short duration of training
(maximum of 10 minutes every other day)
•No-loading (unique technique of training)
•Settles metabolism
•Relaxes your body
Effects of Vibration depend on:
Parameters
Measured by
Frequency
Hz
Amplitude
millimeter
Acceleration
G or m/sec²
Duration*
sec.or min
Position*
degrees
Area’s of main effects
Training
Shoulders
Calves
Chest
Buttock
Quadriceps
Biceps
]][
ลง
Are a’s of main effects
But Relaxation as well
Hamstrings
Quadriceps
Calves
Vibration Affects:
Neuro-Muscular System
Blood Circulation
Hormonal system
Neurotransmitters (Serotonin)
There is no other conventional method that
facilitates the muscle fibers like the NBS®
EMG[%]
start vibration
800
standing on
VibMax/SuperFit
in rest
600
gastrocn.med.
400
200
vastus lat.
0
0
MVIC = 100%
20 Time[s] 40
60
80
Prof. Bosco explored that:
Every human being
has its own neuromuscular
frequency that responds to
the vibration.
Literature
Electromyography activity of Vastus Lateralis
muscle during whole-body vibrations of
different frequencies
Marco C, Jon L., J Strength Cond. Res. 2003;17(3): 621-624.
EMGrms
0.8
Optimum frequency scanning
with surface EMG:
range: 20-55 Hz, 5 Hz steps, 5 secs
0.6
EMG[mV]
VL L
0.4
0.2
20 Hz
25 Hz
30 Hz
35 Hz
40 Hz
45 Hz
50 Hz
55 Hz
0.0
18.2
32.8
47.3
Time[s]
61.9
EMG test to select
the appropriate
personal vibration
frequency on the
NBS SYSTEM
5 different frequency
tests with NBS
revealed that this
lady’s personal
frequency is 35Hz.
Training Theory 1999
New trends in training science :
The use of vibrations for enhancing performance.
by Carmelo Bosco / Marco Cardinale / Olga Tsarpela / Elio Locatelli
“ The vibration training need to be viewed as
a valid additional means to be implemented
in a training routhine in association with all
the other traditional methodologies nowadays
utilised, not as a substitute tool of resistance
excercise.”
ARTICLE
The use of vibration as an exercise intervention.
by Marco Cardinale / Carmelo Bosco
Dep. of Biomedical Sci., U of Aberdeen, Scotland
Dep. of Sport Sci., Semmelweis U, Budapest, Hungary & U of Roma Tor Vergata,
Fac. Of Med., Chirurgia, Roma, Italy.
“ The vibration represent a strong stim. for
musculoskeletal structures.This respond is
mediated by mono and polysynaptic afferent
pathways,triggering specific hormone responses. ”
Literature
Influence of vibration on mechanical
power and electromyogram activity in
human arm flexor musclese.
Carmelo Bosco, Marco C, Olga T., Eur J Appl Physiol., 1999, 79: 306-11.
Literature
The acute effects of two different whole
body vibration frequencies on vertical
jump performance.
Marco C, Lim J., Med Sport 2003; 56: 287-92.
Dep. of Biomedical Sci., U of Aberdeen, Scotland
Dep. Of Health and Physical Education, Northern State U, SD, USA.
Literature
Whole-body vibration exercise leads to
alterations in muscle blood volume
Kerschan-Schindl K., Grampp S., Henk C., Resch H., Preisinger E., FialkaMoser V., Imhof,, Clin. Physiol., 2001, nr. 21 p. 377-382.
Literature
Skeletal muscle changes after short term
vibration.
Necking LE, Lundstorm R, Lundborg G, Thernell LE, Freden J., Scand J
Plast Reconstr Hand Surg 1996 Jun; 30(2): 99-103.
Literature
Vibratory facilitation of strength in
fatiqued muscle.
David A, et al., Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2002; 83: 1202-5.
Muscle tissue
Muscle = Dynamic Tissue
f.e.
After Training
After
Immobilisation
Body Posture
Influenced by mechanical loading
Neural
More Motoric Entities used at a time
Synchronisation of the activity of M.E.
Improved co-ordination of the
synergistic muscles (increasing
inhibition antagonists)
Muscular
Increasing muscle tone
Type of Fibres
Enlargement of existing fibres
Number of fibres
Muscle lengthening effect due to reciprocal inhibition
Muscle tissue
Large activation of muscle fibers
Faster effect compared with conventional
training
Optimisation of motor unit coördination
Less chance on overloading injuries
Muscle strenghtening / lengthening effect
Huge application possibilities
Literature
Delecluse C., Roelants M., Verschueren S., Strenght increase after whole body
vibration compared with resistance training, Medicine and science in sports
and exercise, 2003, 1033-1041.
Measurements by a motor driven dynamometer and counter
movement jumps
Literature
Oxygen uptake during whole body
vibration exercise: comparison with
squatting as a slow voluntary movement.
Rittweger J, Schiessi H, Felsenberg D., Eur J Appl Physiol, 2001; 86: 169-173.
“It is concluded that the increased metabolic power
obsered in association with WBV exercise is due to
muscular activity.”
Literature
Tip :
The metabolism is that high, that the trainee
must rest between each 2 sessions in order
to restore his muscular energy unites again
to be able to perform another 60 seconds
of vibration training.
Maximum : 10 repetitions
( One minute on the machine and one
minute off )
Researches proving the
effects on the neuro-muscular system
Flexibility 
Nazarov -1991
legsplit - cm
Issurin - 1994
legsplit - cm
Atha -1976
Cardinale 2003
s.a.r. - cm
Research on
explosive power:
Bosco: (Clinical Physiology, Vol.19, No.2, 1999, pg.182-187)
The strength improvement
of trained athletes performing
1 session of 10 minutes vibration, equals:
150 squats with 3 times bodyweight,
twice a week for 5 weeks !!
Development of explosive strength
(high jump)of athelts through 10 years of training
70
60
50
SJ-0 in cm
40
6 cm in 10 year
30
20
SJ-0 in( ‫ליניארי‬
)cm
10
M
rt.
99
ct.
98
O
M
rt.
98
No
v.9
7
M
ay
.9
7
ct.
96
O
M
rt.
96
Ju
ly.
94
Ju
ne
.8
9
0
The same results after 4 months
of NBS® vibration training
SJ-cm
60
58.6
55
50
45
54.8
50.6
50.8
51.7
51.3
51.5
VT 5d/wk; 10x1min; 30 Hz
Nov.97 Dec.97 Mrch.98 May.98 July.98
52.1
VT-2: 3 wk
VT-1: 3 wk
Oct.98 Feb.99 May.99
Literature
High-frequency vibration training increase
muscle power in postmenopausal women.
Russo CR, et al., J Sport Sci, 1999; 17: 177-182.
“Reflex muscular contractions induced by vibration training
improve muscle power in postmenopausal women”
Literature
Oxygen uptake during whole body
vibration exercise: comparison with
squatting as a slow voluntary movement.
Rittweger J, Schiessi H, Felsenberg D., Eur J Appl Physiol, 2001; 86: 169-173.
“It is concluded that the increased metabolic power
obsered in association with WBV exercise is due to
muscular activity.”
Literature
Acute physiological effects of exhaustive
whole-body vibration exercise in man.
Rittweger J, Beller G, Felsenberg D., Eur J Physiol, 2000; 20(2): 134-142.
“The exhaustive whole body vibration exercise
elicits a mild cardiovascular exertion, and
that neural as well as muscular mechanism of
fatique may play a role.”
Bone Density?
Osteoporoses
20 mio persons in Europe today
Daily growth as a result of an elderly population
Cycle of bone density
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Bone = living tissue!
Increase until +/- 18 year
Steady state until +/- 45 year
Exponential decrease from +/- 45 year ♀
Exponential decrease from +/- 55 year ♂
Vertical mechanical loading (Wolff’s Law)
Load Bone Body Weight
Head of Femur
Tension
Here
Compression
Here
 Examples: Astronauts and truckdrivers
Literature
Lieger J., Karachalios T., Khaldi L., Raptou P., Lyritis G., Mechanical
stimulation in the form of vibration prevents postmenopausal bone loss
in ovariectomized rats, Calcif. Tissue Int., 1998, nr. 63 p. 510-514.
Cave!
There were significant results for bone remodeling; not for
bone modeling!
Literature
Prevention of postmenopausal bone loss by
A low-magnitude, high frequency mechnical
Stimuli : A clinical trial assessing compliance
Efficacy, and safety
Rubin C, et al., J Bone Miner Res, 2004; 19: 343-351.
Literature
Transmissibility of 15-Hz to 35 Hz vibration to the
human hip and lumbar spine: Determining the
physiologic feasibility of delivering low-level anabolic
mechnical stimuli to skeletal region at greatest risk of
fracture because of osteoporosis.
Rubin C, et al., Spine, 2003; 28(23): 2612-2627..
Literature
Effects of broad frequency vibration on
cultured osteoblasts.
Tanaka SM, et al., J biomechanics, 2003; 36: 73-80.
Literature
The anabolic activity of bone tissue,
suppressed by disuse, is normalized by brief
exposure to extremely low-magnitude
mechanical stimuli.
Rubin C, et al., FASEB J, 2001; 15: 2225-2229.
Effects on the Skeletal system
Resler -1999
Bone Density 
Flieger -1998
Rubin -1998
Rubin -2001
EFFICACY
Direct mechanical load through
vibrations
Indirect mechanical load through
stronger muscle activity
Whole Body
Vibration
Release of testosteron and HGH
Less chance on falling through
better proprioception
Literature
Hormonal responses to whole-body vibration
in men
Bosco C., Lacovelli M., Tsarpela O., Cardinale M., Bonifazi M., Tihanyi J., Viru M.,
De Lorenzo A., Viru A., Eur. J. Appl.Physiol., 2000, nr. 81 p. 449-454.
Effects on the Hormonal System?
Testosterone + 7%
Growth hormone + 460%
Cortisol - 32%
Bosco/Viru -1999
Hormonal
Testosterone and HGH 
Construction of muscle tissue
Demolition of fat tissue
Intervention in bone stability
Neurotrofine 
Stimulation of the brain
Cortisol 
Relaxed feeling
Effects WBV
Similar to those reported to occur
following a conventional training
Effects on Neurotransmitters
serotonin 
Dr.Arizumi- 1983
Effect of whole body vibration on the rat brain content of
Serotonin and plasma corticosterone
Arizumi M, Okada A., Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1983; 52(1): 15-9.
Effects on Neurotransmitters
Effect of whole-body vibration in the vertical axis on cortisol
and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels in piglets
Perremans S, et al., J Anim Sci, 2001. 79:975-981.
Effects of WBV
Suppressive mechanism of gastric motility by
Whole body vibration.
Ishitake T, et al., Int Arch Occup Environ Health 1999. 72: 469-474.
Effects on Blood Circulation
Dr.Klyscz -1997
Peripheral circulation
Dr.Rittweger - 2000
Vascularisation
100-150 %
Vasodilatation of the blood-vessels
Pink skin / Tinselling feeling
Cold / warm feet
Enlarged, periferical
vascularisation
Ideal instrument for people with decreased vascularisation, lymfoidal
obstruction, oedema,…
Painfull legs
More lactic acids
Narrowing of the veins↑
Do some activity
Skin
Better vascularisation
Evacuation of waste products
Muscle pump
Oppression of cellulites
Release of HGH and
testosterone
Increased fat burning
Release of keratin
Muscle strengthening
More tight skin
Better muscle tone
More tight skin
Fitness
• 10 minutes WBV with NBS = 2 houres
of sports!
• Brand new way of training
– No cannibalism of existing
apparatuses
– Can be added to conventional
trainings
• Quick results
• Total body effect
Literature
Effect of a vibration exposure on muscular
performance and body balance. Randomized
cross-over study.
Torvinen S,et al., Clin Physiol & Func Im, 2002; 22: 145-152.
“The whole body vibration exercise improves
muscle performance of lower extremities and
body balance in young health adult.”
Wellness
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Increased demolishment of fat tissue
Body shape correction
Cellulites demolishment
Decreased fatigue in the legs
Feel good training!
Easy in use!
...
Professional sports
• Additional to the classical training
• More and better effects than with a
conventional training
• Extra, unloaded training
 No injuries due to en overloading
 Quicker results
• Diversity of international athletes are
training on WBV devices!
Medical
• A lot of research for the moment for the
possibilities of WBV and M.S., Parkinson,... At
major European Universities.
• Osteoporoses
• Revalidation
– Post operation
– After a stroke
– ...
• Proprioceptive training
• …
Literature
Treatment of chronic lower back pain
with lumbar extension and whole body
vibration excercise.
Rittweger J, Just K, Kautzsch K, Reeg P, Felsenberg D., Spine, 2002; 27(17): 1829-1834.
“Interestingly, well-controlled vibration may be the cure
rather than the cause of low back pain.
( compare with lumbar extension exercise)”
Literature
Tuned vibration absorber for suppression of
rest tremor in Parkinson’s disease.
Hashemi SM, Golnaraghi MF, Patla AE., Med Biol Eng Comput., Jan 2004; 42(1): 61-70.
“The TVA has been very effective in the suppression
of the tremor associated with Parkinson’s dis.
The optimun performance was related to
the position and frequency.”
Literature
Inhibition of osteopenia by low
magnitude, high-frequency mechanical
stimuli.
Rubin CT, et al., DDT , Aug 2001; 6: 848-858.
Literature
Balance training and exercise in geriatric
patients.
Runge M, Rehfeld G, Resnicek E., J Musculoskel Interact ., 2000; 1: 54-58.
“Thirty three of 34 participants improved their chair rising time
in the intervention period up to 36%..”
Literature
The effects of human ankle muscle vibration
on posture and balnace during adaptive
locomotion.
Sorensen KL, et al., Exp Brain Res, 2002; 143: 24-34.
Foot sole and ankle muscle inputs contribute
jointly to human erect posture regulation.
Kavounoudias A, et al., J physiol, 2001; 532(3): 869-878.
Vibration training advantages
1. Brief training ( 9-19 Minutes )
2. Muscles strengthening and flexibility
at the same time.
(Tremendous improvement in explosive
muscle power)
Maximum muscle work without weights loading.
Vibration training advantages
3. Muscles relaxation and elongation.
(No post training pain and sore.)
4. No sweat. (no clothes change is needed)
5. No mental of physical stress.
6. General feelings of refreshing and
vitality.
“Restart the day”
( irritates the awareness ans mind clearness )
Vibration training advantages
7. Body shape and Cosmetics
( Anti cellulites / anti-aging )
8. Short of duration
9. Objective and reliable.
( Shown dramatic increase in bone density, both on
astronauts and osteoporotic women and great
results in orthopedic and sport rehabilitation. )
Vibration training advantages
10. Personal adjustment
( Adapts easily to any fitness program. )
11. Easy to comprehend
( Very easy and friendly use. )
Combination of Whole body vibration
and weights lifting
Vibration training options:
Vibration Training
Combined Training
(Vibration with conservative fitness
training)
NBS within the weekcycle
mo tu
we th
fr
no vibration training
S
S
S
complimentary
S
substitute
V
V
V
V
concurrent
V+S
V+S
V+S
V+S
V vibration training
T
S
V
S
V
S
sa su
S
V
strength training
Technical training
S
NBS within workout
V
S
V
T
S
V
T
V
warming-up - facilitation
cooling-down - recovery
effects of NBS-training on body
composition
results: changes in %
20
16.7
15
6.6
10
sum of 6
skinfolds
%
5
0.2
0.6
0
0.1
sum of 6
circumferences
-0.1
-0.7
-5
T
-4.1
V
VT
C
Effects of WBV with NBS-training
on body - composition
Feedbacks:
significant outcomes:
-”light” legs
-improvement of sleep at night after treatment
-increase in general wellness
-addictive effect
Note:
In case of discomfort,
it is recommended to
lift the heels (standing
just on the toes).
It will improve the
feeling immediately.
Athletes comments about the results after 4
weeks of using the WBV-NBS machine
•More starting power
•More quickness on their cuts and moves
•Improved jumping ability
•"Fresh legs” in the morning
•Decrease in soreness
•Decrease in nagging injuries
Athletes comments about the results after 4
weeks of using the NBS machine
•no reports of shin splints
•general good feeling
•some even got rid of a "dead leg"
•a huge improvement in flexibility
•great rehab results with 3 athletes who had a
bad back and 2 bad ankles
Very Important !!!
never lie down or sit
on vibrating machine!
the pelvis is not a shock-absorber
you might damage internal organs
Contraindication
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Pregnancy
Heart diseases (pace maker etc.)
Recently Thrombosis disease
Malignancy
Low Back Pain with Sciatica and unstable spine
Less than 90 days after surgery
Implements (including Hip and Knee Joints
replacements)
• Epilepsy
Conclusions
There are some ways to achieve
good fitness ,the most common one
is the one below…
WBV - NBS
You are almost passive
Just stand on the WBVNBS and your entire
body is vibrating
And you
are
getting
stronger
and nicer
At the end you
enjoyed and
refreshed
You are even
not sweating
You body is
shaped
dramatically
too
Thank You