Transcript Chapter 12

Introduction to Music
Beethoven:
His life and times
Symphony No. 5
A new era
One of
Beethoven’s
many dwellings.
He lived in
more than 70
apartments and
rooms during
his lifetime!
This was not
uncommon in
18thC European
culture.
Ca. 1799, Beethoven learned his increasing
deafness was irreversible. Deep in despair, he
remained in Heiligenstadt the summer and fall
of 1802 contemplating suicide.
Beethoven
did not succumb
to this, the gravest of a
musician’s ills. Instead, within
months he began composing the epic
and remarkably optimistic Third Symphony,
the “Eroica”. It was, and still is, a giant
of a masterpiece, and it is today
one of the best loved
orchestral works
ever written.
Ludwig van Beethoven
True, it’s “van,” not the aristocratic “von,” but if
someone mistakenly thinks I’m a “von” of royal
blood I certainly won’t correct him.
Beethoven, the pianist
most virtuosic in Europe
incomparable improviser
Critics and journalists loved his playing.
Beethoven, the composer
many works for piano
music required piano’s improvement
compositions drew mixed reactions for years
journalists V/ critical
referring to Symphony No. 5:
“…a sort of odious meowing, and discords to
shatter the least sensitive ears.”
One of
numerous
pianos given
to Beethoven
Ludwig van
Beethoven
wrote
much of his
music-many of
the world’s
greatest art
works--in a
state of
TOTAL
deafness.
Summary
Beethoven
Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, Op. 67
Symphony
I = mvt. 1 = sonata form
standard symphony format
IMP Romantic characteristics
cyclicism
You are responsible to know:
1. detailed listening for movement 1.
2. summary points about the entire symphony.
It looks like a
classical
symphony, but
mark this well:
Inside that
polite,
predictable
exterior,
seethes an
implacable
romanticism,
and it will not
be contained.
DWRitz
Guided listening of
Symphony No. 5
follows. Answer
all questions and
address all issues
in the green font.
Symphony No. 5, Mvt. 1
CD #3
Exposition Development
Recapitulation Coda
T1 B T2 CT
T1 B T2 Ct
What?
How?
Q. Whole movement: Does this look like standard
sonata form?
Analyze the Exposition
Listen to each item, and answer the questions.
Theme 1
Exposition
1.
2. 3.
4.
T1 B T2 CT
•••—
motive
Exposition:
Defend:
Standard
Non-standard
•••— motive
Theme 2
Phrase 1 (Question):
What inst is prominent?
Any thots on the melody’s origin?
Phrase 2 (Answer):
What is happening to the answer?
What are the basses playing?
Themes 1 & 2
What are the elements of contrast?
Bridge & Cadence
Closing Theme
Can you pick out
the motive?
Motive uses:
Motive’s 2 components:
1. Melody (High-H-H-Low)
2. Rhythm (Short-S-S-Long)
Symphony No. 5, Mvt. 1
CD #3
Exposition Development
1.
2. 3.
4.
T1 B T2 CT
Recapitulation Coda
T1 B T2 Ct
•••—
motive
What
instruments?
Sonata form
Development procedure checklist:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Repeat theme
Fragment theme (and use part of it)
Use imitation
Add counter-melody
Change tone color (instruments)
Change dynamics
Change theme’s rhythm
Change theme’s character
Change accompaniment
Modulate (change key)
Symphony No. 5, Mvt. 1
Kamien,
Exposition
Development
T1 B T2 CT
•••—
motive
What
instruments?
What?
How?
Recapitulation
LONG!
T1 B T2 Ct
•••—
New
ideas
What
What
change instruments?
from
Expos?
Sonata form
Development analysis:
D e v e l o p m e n t
1.a.
1.b.
•••— motive
2.a.
2.b.c.d.
2.e.
Based on Th 2
horn call 2 notes of
question horn call!
w/ new 1 note of
answer horn call!!
Q How does Beethoven develop Th2?
Q Name as many differences between
it and the Exposition’s Th2 as you can.
Reminder
of Th 1
Expos. Th2
Devel. Th2
Symphony No. 5, Mvt. 1
Click for guided listening
to the entire development.
Restart the page if text and
music do not begin simultaneously.
(Press followed by .)
Symphony No. 5, Mvt. 1
D e v e l
Based on Th 1
o p m e n t
Based on Th 2
motive New
Horn call
melody melody + question
&R
motive R w/ new
answer
•••—
motive is
ubiquitous!
2 notes
of horn
call!
1 note
of horn
call!!
Reminder
of Th 2
Back to
1 note
Reminder of Th 1
Symphony No. 5, Mvt. 1
Click for guided listening
to the entire recapitulation.
Restart the page if text and
music do not begin simultaneously.
(Press followed by .)
Symphony No. 5, Mvt. 1
R e c a p i t u l a t i o n
Theme 1
Bridge
Important
addition
What inst plays
this short
cadenza?
Theme 2
Closing Th
Subdued
horns +
Bassoons!
•••— in
basses
•••— motive is ubiquitous!
Symphony No. 5, Mvt. 1
C
o
d a
Long!
some new ideas introduced
Do you hear ideas that are based on the
•••— motive? How about ••—?
Symphony No. 5, Mvt. 1
Exposition Development
Recapitulation Coda
T1 B T2 CT
T1 B T2 Ct
•••—
motive
What?
•••—
motive
•••—
motive
This movement is UNIFIED like no earlier
piece had ever been unified!
•••—
motive
Symphony No. 5
Romantic Characteristics:
1. Postponement of gratification, “emotional
progression”
Mvt. 1
C minor
Mvt. 2
Mvt. 3
Mvt. 4
C Major
2. Conflict & struggle idea of C minor
3. Symphony is more highly unified than any
previous work
4. Symphony deals with emotion, passion
Summary: Classical Pieces
Mozart, Symphony No. 40 in G Minor, Mvt 1
(Sonata form)
Haydn, Symphony No. 94 in G Major, Mvt 2
(Theme & Variations)
Mozart, Eine Kleine Nachtmusik, Mvt 3
(Minuet & trio)
Beethoven, String Quartet in C Minor, Op. 18,
No 4, Mvt 4 (Rondo)
Mozart, Don Giovanni
Beethoven, Symphony No. 5 in C Minor, Mvt 1