Transcript CD10: Young Children with Special Needs

CD10: Young Children with
Special Needs
Ch 7: Gross Motor
Development
Chapter 7 Content Overview
Four Basic Gross Motor Skills
Reasons for Gross Motor Delay
Diagnosing Gross Motor Delays
Intervention Strategies
Four Basic Gross Motor Skills
Extension (pg 231)
– The head and limbs move away from the body
Flexion (pg 232)
– The head and limbs move toward the body
Coactivation (pg 233)
– Ability to control both extension and flexion
Rotation (pg 233)
– Turning one body part in relation to another
body part
The Bottom Line:
“Due to an imbalance in
development of flexion and
extension, good control in
coactivation and rotation may not
occur. These children may be quite
fearful of movement.” (pg 238)
Typical Development Charts
Table 7.1:
– Age of Acquisition for Infants
Table 7.2:
– Age of Acquisition for toddlers and
preschoolers(pg 234)
Reasons for Gross Motor Delay
Premature birth (pg 241)
– Hypertonicity (low muscle tone)
– Classic posture of head turned and arms/legs
splayed
Postural & muscle tone delays (pg 244 picture)
– Spastic or flaccid muscles
– Asymmetrical muscle tone, scoliosis
Sensory Registration
– Organizing physical stimulation
– Making sense of what they feel, see, hear,
smell and taste
Processing Disorders
– Difficulty perceiving own movements
– Difficulty perceiving touch
Race, ethnicity and culture (pg 239)
– Genetic differences (size, skeletal differences)
– Environmental influences (choices available)
– Child-rearing practices (needs and location of
culture; rural, suburban, urban)
Diagnosing Gross Motor Delays
Cerebral Palsy
Traumatic Brain Injury
Spina Bifida
Multiple Sclerosis
Injury
Down Syndrome
Autism
Cerebral Palsy
What does it look
like?
How do we treat it?
Resources for
treatment?
Traumatic Brain Injury
What does it look like?
How do we treat it?
What are some of the consequences
of TBI?
Spina Bifida
What does it look
like?
How can we treat
it?
SEE
STRAIGHT
AHEAD
Normal
Spina bifida
SIT WITH HIS
HANDS FREE
EXPLORE HIS
SURROUNDIN
GS
STAND WITH
HIS HANDS
FREE
SIT,
STAND,
AND
WALK
Multiple Sclerosis
What does it look like?
How do we treat it?
What are some resources?
Injury
How do injuries occur?
What does it look like?
How do we treat it?
What are some resources?
Down Syndrome
What does it look
like?
How do we treat it?
What are some
resources?
Autism
What does it look
like?
How do we treat it?
What are some
resources?
Parents Helping
Parents