Transcript The Skeletal System - Sheffield.k12.oh.us

The Skeletal System
Vocabulary
• Skeletal System: A system made up of
bones, joints, and connective tissue.
• Cartilage: Flexible tissue that provides
cushioning at your joints.
• Joint: Points at which bones meet.
• Ligament: Strong cords of tissue that
connect bone to bone at joints.
• Tendon: Tough bands of tissue that attach
muscle to bone.
Jobs of Bones
• Movement: Bones provide attachment
points for muscles. The body moves when
a muscle pulls on a bone.
• Support: Your backbone is made up of 24
bones called…vertebrae. The backbone
supports your upper body and head.
• Protection:
– Cranium: Protects your brain
– Ribs and Sternum: Protect your lungs and
heart
– Pelvis: Protects and supports your internal
organs
– Spinal Column: Protects your spinal cord.
Jobs of Bones
• Blood Cell Formation: Red and white
blood cells are formed by a tissue called
marrow which is located in the center of
your long bones.
• Storage: Bones store minerals, such as
calcium and phosphorus for later use by
the body
The Skeleton
Skull / Cranium
Clavicle
Rib Cage
Sternum
Humerus
Vertebrae
Coccyx
Ulna
Radius
Ilium
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges
Femur
Patella
Tibia
Fibula
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges
Spongy Bone
Blood Vessels
Marrow
Periosteum
The Joints
• Hinge: Only move in one direction
– Elbow
– Knee
• Gliding: Allow bones to slide over each
other
– Wrists
– Ankles
• Pivot: Allows for bone rotation
– Tibia & Fibula
– Radius & Ulna
– Neck & Skull
• Ball & Socket: Can move in all directions
– Hip
– Shoulder
Problems
Problem
Description
Treatment /
Prevention
A break in the bone
Bones are set into
place and kept from
moving usually in a
cast
Dislocation
Bone coming out of it’s
joint
Bones are set back
into place and kept
from moving usually in
a splint
Sprain
Swelling of a joint
cause by overstretched
ligaments
Rest / restricted
movement of the joint
Arthritis
Swelling and stiffness
of the joints caused by
wear and tear
Pain relievers / antiinflammatory
medication /
replacement
Fracture
Problems
Problem
Description
Treatment /
Prevention
Scoliosis
Curvature of the
spine
Exercise if minor /
braces or surgery for
severe
Osteomyelitis
Bacterial infection
of the bone
Antibiotics
Osteoporosis
Bones become
brittle due to lack Regular exercise / diet
rich in calcium
of calcium, protein,
and hormones
Osteoscarcoma
Bone Cancer
Chemotherapy /
radiation