Transcript Tissue - Back in the Game

Chapter 4
Tissues and Membranes
© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Tissues
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Tissues are groups of cells (four main types)
Epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Muscle tissue
Nervous tissue
© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning
Edited by Dr. Ryan Lambert- Bellacov
Epithelial Tissue
1. Covering and Lining
• Squamous epithelial cells
• Cuboidal epithelial cells
• Columnar epithelial cells
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Epithelial Tissue
Glandular and Secretory
• Endocrine gland cells
• Exocrine gland cells
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Animation – Exocrine and
Endocrine Glands
Click Here to play Exocrine
and Endocrine animation
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Connective Tissue
1. Adipose= Fat
• Stores lipid
• Acts as filler tissue
• Cushions, supports, and insulates the body
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Connective Tissue Areolar
(Loose)
• Elastin tissue
• Collagen
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Connective Tissue
2.Dense Fibrous
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Ligaments
Tendons
Aponeuroses
Fasciae
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Connective Tissue Supportive
• Osseous (bone) tissue
• Cartilage
– Hyaline
– Fibrocartilage
– Elastic cartilage
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Connective Tissue Vascular
(liquid blood tissue)
• Blood
• Lymph
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Muscle Tissue (3 types)
• Cardiac
• Skeletal (striated voluntary)
• Smooth (nonstriated involuntary)
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Nervous Tissue
• Conductivity
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Effects of Aging on Tissue
• Cells become larger and less able to divide
and reproduce
• Increase in pigments and lipids inside cell
• Waste products accumulate in the tissue
– Cell membranes change and carbon dioxide and wastes have
difficulty getting out
– Many tissues lose mass and atrophy
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Membranes
• Two thin layers of tissue together form a
membrane
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• Epithelial membranes
• Connective membranes
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Epithelial Membranes- subdivided two
• Mucous membranes
leads to outside
– Respiratory mucosa
– Gastric mucosa
• Serous membranes (parietal and visceral)
– Pleural membrane
– Pericardial membrane
– Peritoneal membrane (abdominal)
• Cutaneous membranes
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skin
Connective Membranes
• Synovial membrane
– Two layers of connective tissue
• Lines joint cavities
• Secrete synovial fluid which prevents
friction inside the joint cavity
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Organs
• An organ is tissues grouped together to
form a specific function
• Organs coordinate their activities to form a
complete functional organism
• Organ system
– Group of organs that act together to perform a specific, related
function
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Organ Systems
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Skeletal
Muscular
Digestive
Respiratory
Circulatory
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Organ Systems
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Excretory
Nervous
Endocrine
Reproductive
Integumentary
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Tissue and Organ Transplant
• Blood transfusions are an example of a
tissue transplant
• All transplants (tissue and organs) must be
cross-matched so recipient’s immune system
won’t attack the donated organ
• Rejection is main problem in organ
transplants
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Disease and Injury to Tissue
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Infection
Inflammation
Trauma
Abnormal growth of cells
Birth defects
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Tissue Repair
• Primary repair
• Secondary repair
clean wound
– Large tissue loss
– Granulation occurs creating area for healing
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