Transcript El Dia de los Muertos

El Dia de los Muertos
Notes #20
The Day of the Dead
Mexican Celebration on
November 1 and 2
Standards and Objectives
• CULTURES
Gain Knowledge and Understanding of Other
Cultures
• Standard 2.1: Students demonstrate an
understanding of the relationship between the
practices and perspectives of the culture studied
• Objective: Students will watch the history of Halloween
and how it relates to El Dia de los Muertos from the
History channel.
• 1)What is El dia de los Muertos and How is it related to
Halloween origins
History Video Links
• The Haunted History Of Halloween 1 YouTube
• Feasts - Mexico 2 of 3 - BBC Culture
Documentary - Dia de los Muertos YouTube
• Feasts - Mexico 3 of 3 - BBC Culture
Documentary - Dia de los Muertos –
YouTube
• Mexico's Day of the Dead - YouTube
History Video Links
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sflcw7j
Em_Y&feature=related&safe=active
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kbjmny
3lEks&feature=related&safe=active
History channel Video Highlights
• The roots of Halloween go back 3000 years ago
to the ancient Celtic people of Ireland who called
it the Harvest Festival of Samhain and
celebrated the change of the seasons from fall to
winter combined with mystical beliefs of spirits
and ceremonial offerings.
• The ancient Romans also celebrated a similar
tradition around May 13 called Lemuria and
merged with the Festival of Samhain. Both
honored the dead and the harvest seasons. In
609 A.D the church merged this Pagan festival
and moved it to Nov 1st.
• They both shaped and provided the ingredients
for what Halloween is today.
• When Christianity spread, the church changed
the pagan holiday and gave it a Christian twist
so that pagan people would convert to
Christianity.
• By the 8th century Pope Gregory the 3rd
renamed the Samhain Festival of Nov 1st to
All Saints Day. It was also called All Hallow’s
Day. Hallow meaning saint. Then it became All
Hallow’s Evening because the celebration took
place in the evening.
• Later on it became known as Halloween.
• All Saints Day was a day to remember all the
saints who had died.
• Then the church declared Nov 2 All Souls day to
remember all who had died the past year.
• Mexico took this holiday and called it El dia de
Los Muertos. The day of the Dead. It combines
Christian and pagan elements that stem from
Spanish Catholic, Mexican Indian, and
Halloween traditions.
• Many cultures have taken the roots of Halloween
and changed them to fit their beliefs and
traditions.
• Most of Latin America today which was
influenced by Spanish exploration and
who brought the Catholic religion
celebrates All Souls Day or All Saints day
on Nov 1 or 2 depending on the country
and is more of a solemn day. They hold
church ceremonies remembering their
dead and visit their graves.
• El Día de Todos Santos is also known as
Día de los Muertos, or Day of the Dead.
Like many other Catholic celebrations, in
the New World was grafted onto existing
indigenous festivities to melt the "new"
Catholicism with the "old" pagan beliefs.
• http://gosouthamerica.about.com/cs/south
america/a/TodosSantos.htm
• In Latin American countries where the
indigenous culture is still strong, such as in
Guatemala and in Central America, and Bolivia
in South America, Día de Todos Santos is an
important meld of many influences.
• In Central America, the dead are honored by
visits to the their gravesites, often with food,
flowers and all family members. In Bolivia, the
dead are expected to return to their homes and
villages.
• http://gosouthamerica.about.com/cs/southameric
a/a/TodosSantos.htm
• In Peru, November 1 is celebrated nationally, but
in Cuzco its known as Día de todos los Santos
Vivos, or Day of the Living Saints and celebrated
with food, particularly with the famed suckling
pig and tamales. November 2 is considered the
Día de los Santos Difuntos or Day of the
Deceased Saints and is honored with visits to
cemeteries.
•
http://gosouthamerica.about.com/cs/southamerica/a/TodosSantos.htm
El Dia De Los Muertos
The Day of the Dead
• Mexico holds a more festive and happy
celebration on Nov 2.
• It is a day to remember the dead.
• It is believed that their souls come back to visit
at the gravesite.
• Family brings their dearly deceased their favorite
food, decorate their grave with flowers and even
bring their favorite music and hold picnics and
hold all night vigils on Nov 2.
Altars honoring the dead
Altars honoring the dead
Day of the Dead bread
Pan de muerto
Altars honoring the dead
Altars honoring the dead
Altars honoring the dead
Music honoring the dead at the
grave site
Day of the dead Arts and Crafts
Decorated graves
Decorated graves
Marigolds/Cempazuchil
Day of the dead Arts and Crafts
Candy Sugar Skulls
Calaveras
Day of the dead Arts and Crafts
Calaveras
Pan de Muerto
Marigolds/Cempazuchil
Preparing and cleaning the graves
Decorated graves with Marigolds
Visiting graves
Altars honoring the dead
Day of the dead Arts and Crafts
Pan de muerto
Marigolds/Cempazuchil
Altars honoring the dead
Night time vigil
Cleaning and preparing the graves
Decorated Gravesite
Pan de Muerto
Pan de Muerto
Chocolate Calaveras
Chocolate Calaveras
Decorated Altar with food
Food altar
Visiting the gravesite
Visiting the gravesite
Decorated tomb
Decorated tombs
Using your notes compare and
contrast Halloween traditions and
El Dia de los Muertos
• Halloween
• A mixture of Celtic,
Roman, and
contemporary
traditions
• Ancient beliefs of
Spirits coming back
to visit.
• Making fun of death
and scary things
• El Dia de los
Muertos
• A mixture of
Spanish Catholic
and Indigenous
traditions.
• Modern beliefs of
Souls coming back
to visit.
• Making fun of death
and embracing it.
Using your notes compare and
contrast Halloween traditions and
El Dia de los Muertos
• Halloween
• Dressing up in
costume and trick or
treating for candy
• Halloween parties
and celebrations.
•
• El Dia de los
Muertos
• Selling Arts and
Crafts and sugar
candy skulls for kids
and offering food to
the dead .
• Fiestas at the
gravesite with food
and music