Transcript Unit 5 lesson 2-B - Anderson School District 5

UNIT 5 LESSON 2-B
Bacteria Infections
and how it spreads,
Key Terms
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Infection
Contagious or communicable disease (P)
Local Infection
General Infection
 Asymptomatic Carrier
 Virus
 Human Hepatitis B (HBV)
 Hepatitis A
 Hepatitis B
 Hepatitis C
 Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
Infection
Occurs when disease-producing (pathogenic) bacteria or
viruses enter the body and multiply to the point of interfering
with the body’s normal state.
• Contagious or communicable disease
– Can be transmitted from person to person through
touch or through the air
Ahhh
chooo!
Bloodborne pathogens are disease-causing
bacteria or viruses that are carried through
blood or body fluids
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Microbiology
Infection
Local
•Small, confined area
•Pus-filled boil, pimple or inflamed area
General
• All parts of the body (systemic)
• Circulatory system carries bacteria and toxins
Chapter 2.1
Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Infection
Common ways of spreading infection in the
salon:
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Open sores
Unclean hands and implements
Coughing or sneezing
Common use of drinking cups and towels
Use of same implements on infected areas and
noninfected areas
Unsanitary salon conditions
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Salon Ecology
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Infection
Asymptomatic Carrier
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Carries disease but shows NO SYMPTOMS
Chapter 2.1
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1. Staphylococci
 Most common human bacteria; can be picked
up on door knobs, countertops, by hand
shaking, or unclean implements
Viruses
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Sub-microscopic particles; much smaller
than bacteria
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Cause familiar diseases like the common
cold, measles, hepatitis, HIV
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Microbiology
Viruses
Human Hepatitis B (HBV)
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Highly infectious disease that infects the liver
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Unlike HIV , Hepatitis can live on a surface
outside the body for long periods of time
Vaccine-preventable disease
Personal service workers are often asked to be
vaccinated
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Hepatitis A
 Illness lasts about 3 weeks.
 Symptoms similar to flu; may cause yellowing
of skin and eyes in adults.
 Spread through close contact; poor sanitation
and personal hygiene, contaminated food,
milk, water, and shellfish; infected food
handlers; sexual contact.
 A vaccine is available.
Hepatitis B (HBV)
 Can cause long-term hepatitis, effects the
liver .
 There may be no symptoms or flulike
symptoms. It is primarily transmitted through
sexual contact or blood transfusions or when
infected needles are shared.
 A vaccine is available.
Hepatitis C (HCV)
 Progresses slowly; about one-third of those
with the illness show no symptoms. When
symptoms exist they include fatigue and
stomach pain.
 It is also transferable through parenteral
contact and sexual activity with infected
partners.
 No vaccine is available.
BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS
 Disease-causing bacteria or viruses that are
carried through the body in the blood or body
fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV, are called
bloodborne pathogens
Viruses
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
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Caused by HIV
Affects the body’s natural immune system
Spreads by body fluids entering blood stream
of uninfected individual
Chapter 2.1
Salon Ecology
Microbiology
HIV passed through blood and
body fluids through:
a. unprotected sexual contact
 b. sharing of needles with infected drug users
 c. accidents with needles in health care facilities
 d. cuts and sores
 Could occur from sharp implements
in the salon; however there are no
documented reports of such
transmission.
Methods that DO NOT transmit
the HIV
 a. hand holding
 b. hugging
 c. kissing
 d. sharing food or household items Like
telephones or toilet seats. There are no
documented cases of the virus being
transmitted by food handlers, insects, or
casual contact.
Key Terms
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External Parasites
Parasitic fungi
Tinea Barbae
Nail Fungus
Parasitic mites (insects)
Animal parasites
Pediculosis capitis
Scabies
Natural Immunity
Passive Immunity
External Parasites
Organisms that live on or obtain nutrients from another organism
• Parasitic fungi (molds and yeasts)
– Produce contagious diseases such as ringworm,
honeycomb ringworm and
nail fungus
– Produce noncontagious conditions such as
dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis
• Parasitic mites (insects)
– Produce contagious diseases such as itch
mites and head lice
Chapter 2.1
Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Tinea barbae (barber’s itch)
 can be caused from unclean clippers.
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Nail fungus
 can be spread by unclean implements or not
preparing the nail plate before applying
enhancement products.
External Parasites
Head Lice /Pediculosis Capitis
• Transmitted directly from one person to
another or by contact with articles
that have come in contact with an infested
person
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Accompanied by head scratching, redness
or small bite marks on the scalp
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Controlled by pediculicide shampoo
Chapter 2.1
Salon Ecology
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Animal parasites
 Responsible for contagious diseases.
 A parasite carried by mosquito causes malaria.
 Insects that carry diseases from one person
to another are known as. disease vectors.
 The itch mite burrows under skin
 Scabies is another contagious skin disease
caused by the itch mite
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External Parasites
Professionals prevent the spread of
contagions
(fungi, bacteria and mites) through
proper
disinfection procedures
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Salon Ecology
Microbiology
Immunity
Ability of the body to destroy infectious
agents that enter the body
Natural Immunity
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Partially inherited
Natural resistance to
disease
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Production of white
blood cells and
antitoxins by body
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Skin is first line
of defense
Passive Immunity
• Acquired immunity
• Injection of antigens
stimulates the body’s
immune response
Chapter 2.1
Salon Ecology
Microbiology