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TUBERCULOSIS IN
SOUTH CAROLINA
Shea Rabley, RN, MN, Director
TB Control Division
South Carolina Department of Health and
Environmental Control
General Information
about Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, an airborne communicable disease
caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis, is
primarily found in the lungs (pulmonary) but the
bacteria can attack and cause disease in any part
of the body (extrapulmonary).
Transmission occurs by the expectoration of
droplets into the air from a person with active
pulmonary disease and the subsequent
inhalation of the aeroslized droplets by another
person. This can occur while talking, singing,
sneezing or coughing.
Once a person is exposed and becomes infected, the TB
bacilli can remain dominant in the body (latent TB
infection or LTBI) or it can progress to active TB disease.
LTBI progresses to active TB disease in ~10% of these
persons within the first 2 years. The rest remain at risk
for life.
For persons with a weakened immune system from HIV,
other medical conditions or drugs that affect the immune
system, the risk of progression is increased greatly and
this risk remains higher year after year than it does for
others.
TREATMENT
TB infection requires the use of 1-2 drugs for 6 – 9
months for treatment completion.
TB disease requires treatment with 4 or more
drugs for the initial 2 months and then 2 drugs
for 4 – 7 more months for a total of 6 – 9
months.
Drug resistant TB (MDR-TB or XDR-TB) requires
treatment with sensitive drugs for 12 – 24
months.
No. of Cases
Reported TB Cases
United States, 1982–2010*
Year
*Updated as of July 21, 2011
TB Case Rates*
United States, 2010
D.C.
< 3.6 (2010 national average)
>3.6
*Cases per 100,000.
Percentage of TB Cases Among
Foreign-born Persons, United
States*
2000
2010
DC
*Updated as of July 21, 2011
DC
>50%
25%–49%
<25%
Reported TB Cases
South Carolina, 2001 - 2010
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
263
256
254
261
234
Cases
Case trend over 10 years
222
218
188
164
153
South Carolina
Tuberculosis Case Rates* 2010
Region
2
Spartanburg
Pickens
Cherokee
York
Greenville
Oconee
Union
Chester
Lancaster
Chesterfield
Marlboro
Region 3
Anderson
Region 1
Laurens
Dillon
Fairfield
Region 4
Kershaw
Darlington
Newberry
Abbeville
Lee
Greenwood
Marion
Richland
Saluda
Florence
Lexington
McCormick
Sumter
Horry
Edgefield
0
Clarendon
Calhoun
Aiken
Region 6
Williamsburg
Region 5
Georgetown
Orangeburg
0.1- 3.0
Barnwell
Bamberg
Berkeley
Dorchester
3.1- 4.0
Region 7
Allendale
Colleton
Region 8
Charleston
Hampton
4.1 – 6.0
Jasper
6.1 – 10.0
>10.1
*Cases per 100,000 population
Beaufort
3.8 - 2009 National Case Rate
3.4 - 2010 SC Case Rate
TB CASES BY COUNTRY OF ORIGIN
South Carolina 2010
TB CASES ETHNICITY
South Carolina 2010
TB CASES BY RACE
South Carolina 2010
N = 153 Cases
TB CASES BY AGE GROUP
South Carolina 2010
TB CASES BY SEX
South Carolina 2010
HIGHEST TB INCIDENCE COUNTIES
South Carolina 2010
TB CASES WITH DRUG RESISTANCE
South Carolina2006-2010
For TB Control Activities:
Absence of proof is not
proof of absence…..
When you near the
elimination of your disease, your
funding
will be eliminated.
The TB Control Program takes the charge of
the Division seriously – protecting the
public of South Carolina from the
infectious, communicable pulmonary
disease, tuberculosis.
Questions? Call 803-898-0558.