Transcript (-1.5) Life Expectancy for Children Born Last Year

Global Health
and Global Inequity
UNC Global Health Seminar
September 15, 2004
Nils Daulaire, MD, MPH
Global Health Council
Life Expectancy for Children Born Last Year
74 years
Top 1/5 of the 131 million born in that year.
Life Expectancy for Children Born Last Year
74 years
64 years
Middle 3/5 of all children born.
Life Expectancy for Children Born Last Year
74 years
48 years
64 years
Bottom 1/5
Life Expectancy for Children Born Last Year
74 years
(+2.7)
64 years
(+3.9)
48 years
(-1.5)
How have things changed over the past decade?
Global health inequities:
• One of every 7 children born into poverty
in a developing country will not survive to
age 5 – 20 times the risk faced here.
Global health inequities:
• One of every 7 children born into poverty
in a developing country will not survive to
age 5 – 20 times the risk faced here.
• In many countries, one of every 12 young
women will die from pregnancy or childbirth
before reaching the end of her reproductive
years – 250 times the risk faced here.
Global health inequities:
• One of every 7 children born into poverty
in a developing country will not survive to
age 5 – 20 times the risk faced here.
• In many countries, one of every 12 young
women will die from pregnancy or childbirth
before reaching the end of her reproductive
years – 250 times the risk faced here.
• In some southern African countries, the
likelihood that any given adolescent will die
from AIDS is greater than that she will live
her life HIV-free.
Premature Deaths
in Developing Countries
Injuries
17%
Chronic/ Noncommunicable
30%
Source: WHO, 2001
Infectious and
Reproductive
Causes
53%
Principal Contributors to
Global Burden of Disease
0
*
40
60
80
Pneumonia/ARI
*
*
20
HIV
Perinatal causes
*
Diarrhea
(Unipolar Depression)
(Ischemic heart disease)
*
Vaccine-Preventable
(Cerebrovascular)
*
Malaria
*Nutritional deficiencies
Source: WHO, 1999
These 10 conditions
comprise 46% of all
healthy years of life
lost worldwide.
Disability-Adjusted Life-Years Lost (millions)
100
Children under 5 bear the greatest burden…
Proportion of global burden of selected diseases borne by
children 0-4 years (estimated, year 2000)
Pneumonia
Diarrhea
Malaria
Measles
54%
85%
79%
89%
Percentage of deaths occurring among:
Source: Adapted from Murray & Lopez, 1996
Children 0 – 4 years
All other age groups
Laxmi’s Short Life
Kg
15
14
13
12
11
M
10
D
ARI
9
D
D
D D ARI
D
ARI
FEVER ARI ARI
8
ARI
7
D
ARI
D
ARI
D
6
5
D
D
D
D
D ARI
ARI
D D
ARI
4
3
D
ARI
ARI
X
D
D
ARI
ARI
KEY
ARI – Acute Respiratory Infection
D – Diarrhea
M – Measles
FEVER – Fever Unknown Origin
ARI
2
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
AGE IN MONTHS
24
27
30
33
36