Transcript Journey Of Animal Skin in Aesthetic Form

Journey Of Wrench
in Aesthetic Form
By Duriye Nasuhoglu
Innovation
Wrench
Existed for many centuries
Development starts in the 19th Century.
The first patent for a wrench was granted in 1835
to Solymon Merrick
What is Wrench?
A wrench is a tool - the English call it a spanner –
That is usually operated by hand, and is made for tightening or
loosening bolts, nuts or anything that needs to turn
First sketches of pipe wrench
How it came about?
The wrench has come a long way from its origins
as a super specialized tool, such as the ones
used by colonial Americans to tighten wagon
wheels, to it's current status as mandatory
member in every plumber, mechanic, and home
owner's tool box.
What spur to revolution?
By the industrial revolution, when factories, saw mills, and even
locomotives suddenly required more and more wrenches to adjust the
thousands of nuts and bolts that held them together.
In 1832 the first patented adjustable wrench hit the market to deal with all
the variations in size of hand made nuts and bolts.
The first successful pipe wrench came along 30 years later in response to
the amount of pipes needed in the new steam boat technology.
By the end of the 19th century there were almost 5000 patents for different
types of wrenches in America, and the good designs stuck.
How it came about in music?
Tuning
The quality of sound became important to
generate different pitch of sound
Modern congas use a
screw-and-lug, tension
head system which makes
them easier to tune (or
detune).
Why tuning the congas?
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Congas, when playing with harmonic instruments, they may be tuned to
specific notes.
Congas are often tuned using the open tone. In general, the particular note
will depend on the make, model, and size of the conga drum.
The drum should be tuned so that the bass tone resonates, the open tone
rings, and the slap pierces through the musical mix. If the tuning is too
loose, the bass and slap tones will sound "flabby"; too tight, and the drums
will sound unnatural and "pinched."
With a single drum, it is easy to tighten the drum until it makes a pleasing
sound and then tighten a little more to reach a uniform desired pitch.
Uniform tightness will help "let the drum speak."
Wrench Stimulated Aesthetic
Forms of Expression
In the 1957’s, the new tuning system was widespread and it burst onto
Cuba’s music scene, mainly via radio programs heard throughout
the country. In 1970’s the new tuning system was showing up in the
most diverse groups in internationally. Latin music’s beauty
expressed in the highest value.
• Rumba rhythm produced by animal skin celebrates life
through singing, dancing and drumming. It is a "festival of
sound and movement" created through the unison of
different cultures, traditions and art forms.
• It is a mirror that reflects the social, political, religious,
and economic conditions surrounding those who create,
play, and dance rumba.
• Rumba evolved from many different musical influences,
emerging as a mixture of Afro-Cuban traditions and a
diverse, rapidly changing, and extremely expressive
culture.