Transcript Bloodborne Pathogens - Brownfields Toolbox

Bloodborne Pathogen Safety
Bloodborne Pathogens 29 CFR 1910.1030
Revised OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens
Compliance Directive (CPL2-2.44D)
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Applicability
• Applies to employee’s who:
– Have emergency response duties
– Perform Janitorial Duties
– Perform work with potential exposure
– Perform work involving BBP’s
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Could You Contract a
Disease at Work?
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Administering first aid?
Cleaning the restrooms?
Using a tool covered with dried blood?
A co-worker sneezes on you?
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Who Must be Trained
• All employees with occupational
exposure to blood or other potentially
infectious material (OPIM)
• Employees who are trained in first aid
and CPR
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Training Requirements
Employer Must:
• Maintain A BBP training Program
• Review Program Annually
• Train all Employees having occupational
exposure
• Discuss employee protective measures,
warning and labeling
• Train annually
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Training Requirements
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Discuss Disposal Procedures
Discuss Epidemiology and Symptoms
Discuss decontamination procedures
Discuss PPE
Discuss Work Practice and control exposure
Provide Regulation
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Definitions
• Bloodborne Pathogens
– Microorganisms present in blood
• Contaminated
– The presence of blood or other potentially
infectious material
• Decontamination
– The use of physical or chemical means to
remove, destroy infectious materials
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Bloodborne Pathogens
• Pathogenic microorganisms present in
human blood that can lead to diseases
• Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
• Hepatitis B (HBV)
• Hepatitis C (HCV)
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Bloodborne Hazards
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Syphilis
Malaria
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis B (HBV)
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
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Bloodborne Hazards
• Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)
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One of the most common viruses
Vaccines available to prevent infection
Can cause liver damage
Highly infectious, blood and body fluids
Severe flu-like symptoms
Symptoms may be delayed 28 to 160 days after
exposure
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Potentially Infectious
Bodily Fluids
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Blood
Saliva, vomit, urine
Semen or vaginal secretions
Skin, tissue, cell cultures
Other body fluids
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus
(HIV)
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HIV is the virus that leads to AIDS
HIV depletes the immune system
HIV does not survive well outside the body
Saliva, tears, sweat
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Hepatitis B (HBV)
• 1—1.25 million
Americans are
chronically infected
• Symptoms include:
jaundice, fatigue,
abdominal pain, loss
of appetite,
intermittent nausea,
vomiting
• May lead to chronic
liver disease, liver
cancer, and death
• Vaccination available
since 1982
• HBV can survive for
at least one week in
dried blood
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Hepatitis B Vaccination
• Strongly endorsed by medical communities
• Shown to be safe for infants, children, and
adults
• Offered to all potentially exposed
employees
• Provided at no cost to employees
• Declination form
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Hepatitis C (HCV)
• Hepatitis C is the most common chronic
bloodborne infection in the United States
• Symptoms include: jaundice, fatigue,
abdominal pain, loss of appetite,
intermittent nausea, vomiting
• May lead to chronic liver disease and death
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Exposure Control Plan (ECP)
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Potential exposure determination
Safe work practices
Decontaminating equipment
Selecting and using PPE
Handling biowaste
Labels and signs
Training requirements
Recordkeeping requirements
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Universal Precautions
•Treat all blood and bodily fluids
as if they are contaminated
•Proper cleanup and
decontamination
Safe Work Practices
• Remove contaminated PPE or clothing as
soon as possible
• Clean and disinfect contaminated
equipment and work surfaces
• Thoroughly wash up immediately after
exposure
• Properly dispose of contaminated items
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Protective Equipment
•Bleeding control—latex gloves
•Spurting blood—latex gloves,
protective clothing (smocks
or aprons), respiratory mask,
eye/face protection (goggles,
glasses, or face shield)
•Postaccident cleanup—
latex gloves
•Janitorial work—latex gloves
Decontamination
• Wear protective gloves
• Disinfectant/cleaner provided in bodily
fluid disposal kit
• Solution of 1/4 cup bleach per gallon of
water (or 1 part bleach to 10 parts water)
• Properly dispose of contaminated PPE,
towels, rags
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Labels and Signs
• Labels must include the universal biohazard
symbol, and the term “Biohazard” must be
attached to:
– containers of regulated
biohazard waste
– refrigerators or freezers
containing blood or OPIM
– containers used to store,
transport, or ship blood or OPIM
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Regulated Medical Waste
• Liquid or semiliquid blood or OPIM (other
potentially infectious materials)
• Contaminated items that would release
blood or OPIM when compressed
• Contaminated sharps
• Pathological and microbiological waste
containing blood or OPIM
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Exposure Incident
• A specific incident of contact with potentially
infectious bodily fluid
• If there are no infiltrations of mucous membranes
or open skin surfaces, it is not considered an
occupational exposure
• Report all accidents involving blood or bodily fluids
• Postexposure medical evaluations are offered
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Postexposure Evaluation
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Confidential medical evaluation
Document route of exposure
Identify source individual
Test source individuals blood
(with individuals consent)
• Provide results to exposed
employee
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Potential Transmission
•Contact with another person’s blood or
bodily fluid that may contain blood
•Mucous membranes: eyes, mouth, nose
•Non-intact skin
•Contaminated sharps/needles
Potential Exposure
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Industrial accident
Administering first aid
Postaccident cleanup
Janitorial or maintenance work
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Recordkeeping
Medical records include:
• Hepatitis B vaccination status
• Postexposure evaluation and follow-up results
Training records include:
• Training dates
• Contents of the training
• Name and qualifications of trainer
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Summary
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Universal precautions
PPE and safe work practices
Decontamination
Exposure incident
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Quiz
1. Name two of the most common bloodborne pathogens:
____________________________________________
2. After exposure to potentially infected bodily fluids, you
should immediately: ___________________________
3. HIV and HBV can be transmitted when infected bodily
fluids directly contact the eyes or nonintact skin.
True or False
4. The risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens is only
possible when blood is present in the bodily fluid.
True or False
5. Treating all body fluids as infected is known as
__________________________________ Precautions.
Quiz (cont.)
6. HIV stays alive in dried blood.
True or False
7. Name one way you might be exposed to human blood at
your workplace: ____________________________
8. What minimum PPE should be worn when controlling
normal bleeding? _____________________________
9. Besides the disinfectant/cleaner provided in first aid kits,
what other solutions can be used to decontaminate
equipment or surfaces?
10. How do you dispose of absorbed bodily fluids?
Quiz Answers
1. HIV and Hepatitis B (HBV).
2. You should immediately wash any exposed areas.
3. True. Infected bodily fluids need to directly contact
mucous membranes or nonintact skin.
4. True. Although many bodily fluids may be infectious,
they must contain blood to carry bloodborne
pathogens.
5. Treating all bodily fluids as infected is known as
Universal Precautions.
Quiz Answers (cont.)
6. False. HIV dies almost immediately. HBV can live as
long as one week.
7. Administering first aid, decontaminating equipment,
doing janitorial work, etc.
8. Gloves must be worn, at a minimum, when controlling
normal bleeding. When controlling spurting blood,
additional PPE must be worn including: a face shield,
an apron, shoe covers, etc.
9. A solution of bleach and water.
10. Absorbed bodily fluids from a general industry facility
can usually be double bagged and discarded with the
normal garbage.