Transcript Food Security and Production

Food Security and Production
Questions for Today:
What is Food Security?
 What are the different levels of
nutrition?
 What are Key Vitamins and Minerals?
 What is the problem with
Overnutrition?
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Food Security and Nutrition
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Food Security is defined as the means
that every person in a given area has
daily access to enough nutritious food
to have an active and healthy life.
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We produce enough food to feed
everyone on the planet, however, one in
every 6 people in developing countries is
not getting enough to eat (food
insecurity).
Food Security and Nutrition
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Poverty is the number one cause of
Food Insecurity in the world.
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Food Insecurity is living with chronic
hunger or poor nutrition.
Example: Since 1990 India has
produced enough grain to feed it’s
entire population but about 1/5 of the
country’s population is hungry because
they cannot afford to buy or or grow
enough food.
Food Security and Nutrition
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Every person needs:
 Large Amounts of macronutrients
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Carbohydrates
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Proteins
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Animal Fats, nuts, and oils
Small amounts of Micronutrients
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Animals, and some plants
Lipids
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Wheat, corn, and rice
Vitamins
Minerals
For more information check out:
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Dietary Guidlines for Americans
Food Security and nutrition
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Chronic Undernutrition or Hunger
People who cannot grow or buy
enough food to meet their basic
needs.
 Most chronically undernourished
children live in developing countries
 Problems associated at this nutrition
level are:
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 Mental
Retardation
 Stunted Growth
 Infectious Disease due to weakened
immune systems (measles and
diarrhea).
Food Security and Nutrition
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Chronic Malnutrition
People who suffer from deficiencies of
protein and other key nutrients, such as
vitamins, minerals, or other Micronutrients
(ex: A, C, and E).
 Usually survive on a meager diet of lowproteins, high-carbohydrate, vegetarian
diet.
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 Wheat,
rice or corn
 Makes them more susceptible to disease and
hinders normal physical and mental
development of children.
Food Security and Nutrition
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Chronic Malnutrition Statistics
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1 out of every 6 people in developing countries is
chronically undernourished or malnourished
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1 out of every 3 children under the age of 5 are
chronically undernourished or malnourished
6 million children die prematurely due to chronic
undernutriton or malnutrition
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Means 16,400 children per day
683 children per hour
Malnutrition and Ethanol
Production
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One study from the University of
Minnesota predicts that increased
food prices from massive diversion of
corn to produce ethanol for fuel could
increase the number of hungry and
malnourished people instead of
decreasing it.
Acute Food Shortages Famines
Famine – occurs when there is a
severe shortage of food in an area
accompanied by mass starvation,
many deths, economic chaos, and
social disruptions.
 Desperation causes people to eat the
grain seed for next year and
slaughter their breeding livestock.
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Food Security and Nutrition
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Three micronutrients that are extremely important
for life functions are:
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Iron
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Vitamin A
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Deficiencies cause anemia, fatigue, and harsh childbirth
Receive iron primarily from meat or dark leafy greens
Deficiencies cause blindness
Primarily comes from Milk and vegetables such as carrots.
Iodine
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Deficiencies cause metabolic malfunctions and can lead to
stunted growth and Goiters
Comes from Iodized Salt
Goiters from Iodine deficiency
Food Nutrition and Security
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Overnutrition
When food energy intake exceeds energy
use and causes excess body fat.
 Overnutrition can cause:
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 Lower
life expectancy
 Greater susceptibility to disease and illness
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Diabetes, high blood pressure and heart attacks
 Lower
Productivity and Life Quality
Food Security and Nutrition
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1.6 billion people face problems due
to overnutrition
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1 out of every 4 people are overwright
(BMI > 25)
 66%
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of Americans
1 out of every 20 people are obese (BMI
> 30)
 33%
of Americans