Transcript Chapter 23 - Delmar

Chapter 23
Infectious Diseases
Chapter Objectives
1. Define infectious disease
2. Explain why most infectious diseases are
not as dangerous as they once were
3. State the causes of infectious diseases
4. Describe the chain of infection
5. Discuss ways of preventing infectious
diseases
(continues)
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Chapter Objectives (continued)
6. Describe the five stages of disease
7. List the most common infectious
diseases in adolescents, their causes,
and specific ways to prevent them
8. Explain the meaning of bioterrorism
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Introduction
• Infectious diseases are caused by
microscopic living organisms that invade
the body’s tissues and then multiply
• The resulting diseases range from very
mild to fatal
• Many infectious diseases can be
prevented with simple self-care techniques
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Causes of Infectious Diseases
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Viruses
Bacteria
Fungi
Protozoa
Multicellular parasites
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The Chain of Infection
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4.
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6.
Infectious agent
Reservoir host
Portal of exit
Mode of transmission
Portal of entry
Susceptible host
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The Chain of Infection
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Prevention
• Understanding the chain of infection
• Breaking the chain of infection
• Immunizations
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Stages of Disease
1. Infection
2. Incubation stage
3. Prodromal stage
4. Clinical or illness stage
5. Recovery stage
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Major Infectious Diseases
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Common cold
Influenza
Food poisoning
Mononucleosis
Conjunctivitis
Strep throat
Tuberculosis
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
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Bioterrorism
• Terrorism through the use of biological
weapons
• Threat of bioterrorism is monitored by the
U.S. Department of Homeland Security
• Categories (A, B, C) developed to classify
by potential threat
– Example: Category A (most serious) includes
anthrax and smallpox
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Summary
• Infectious diseases are caused by
pathogens
• The chain of infection illustrates the
infection process and ways of prevention
• Frequent hand washing is the single most
effective personal prevention method
• Immunizations are important means of
controlling infectious diseases
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